The arthrodesis of the hip is the only certain method for eliminating pain and providing stability in young and middle aged adults. The first used arthrodesis in old congenital dislocation was reported by Heusner, Lampugnani, and Alert as early as 1885 according to Nove-Josserand. The various papers published on this operation appear to be concerned mainly with surgical methods and the frequency of bone healing, rather than with loss of function and its causes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate function of the arthrodesed hip especially the relationship between position of the hip and its daily use. The author studied arthrodesis of the hip clinically in 89 cases of arthrodesed patients, admitted to the Orthopedic Department of Severance Hospital during the 14 years from June 1957 until May 1970. The auther also studied 40 cases which confirmed sound bony ankylosis of the hip by X-ray examination. The follow-up included a careful inquiry into the patients ability to use the fixed hip in various functions of daily life. The results are as follows. 1. The average age of the patients at the time of operation was 16.9 years and tuberculosis of the hip was the most common cause 83(93%) of arthrodesis. 2. The most common type of operation in this series was intraarticular arthrodesis 67(75.3%), and the fusion rate was relatively good in intra & extraarticular arthrodesis 20(85.5%). 3. The average length of follow-up was 3.9 years. The average position of the arthrodesed hip was 37.7 degrees of flexion, 9.1 degrees of abduction and neutral rotation. Actual shortening of the leg averaged 3.8cm. 4. The gait was poor in the group which had 5cm shortening of the leg and was in 43 degrees of flexion for the arthrodesed hip. 5. The ability to sit and defecate in the ordinary toilet was satisfactory when there was 39 degrees of flexion or more for the arhrodesed hip. 6. 10 patients (25%) had back pain and 12 patients (30%) had mild scoliosis. Average Ferguson angle was 47.8 degrees and the Line of Weight Thrust showed over 40 degrees. 7. The ideal hip position of arthrodiesis in Koreans was assumed to be under 40 degrees of flexion, some degrees of abduction and no rotation.
Adult ; Ankylosis ; Arthrodesis ; Back Pain ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gait ; Hip ; Humans ; Leg ; Methods ; Middle Aged ; Orthopedics ; Scoliosis ; Tuberculosis

Objectives: The goals of this study are to exploring critical factors and methods to improve Korean Community Care through the cases of GyeongsangNamdo. Methods: For this study, we performed in-depth interviews with 90 people involved in Community Care services of 6 regions, and the collected data were analyzed. The collected data were analyzed utilizing NVivo12. In the end, we reconfirmed the process through Topic Modeling analysis. Results: We conducted descriptive statistics and qualitative data analysis collected through surveys and in-depth interviews. In the case of qualitative analysis, we extracted principle codes (Need, Lack, Absence), and sorted the contents into sub-categories. The response rate of ‘Need to strengthen capabilities’ was the highest, ‘Need to communicate and share information’ was the second, and ‘Need for integrated operation and a control tower’ was the third. Conclusion As a result, we find the critical factors to improve Community Care. Based on them, we should conduct follow-up researches to propose concrete methods to apply to diverse regions.

Rupture of Achilles tendon was first reported by Pare, 1575 and thereafter the cause and the diagnostic and therapeutic methods of the ruptured tendon have been described by many workers. Rupture of the Achilles tendon is often wrongly diagnosed and inadequately treated by the doctor who first sees it, with consequent problems of treatment and prognosis. In this paper 24 patients(25 cases)
Achilles Tendon ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Prognosis ; Rupture ; Tendons

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Neuroblastoma* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma*

We compared the prophylactic efficacy of intravesical mitomycin C with bacillus Calmette-Guerin instillation in the high risk superficial bladder tumor patients. Recurrent, grade III multiple (more than 3) or large(more than 3 cm) stage Ta or T1 tumors were included. Thirty patients were treated with 8 weekly instillation of 40mg of mitomycin C and 31 with 6 weekly instillation of 120mg or BCG. Thirty six patients were selected as a control Group. The mean follow-up period was 31.3 months in BCG, 27.7 months in mitomycin C and 23.2 months in control group. The overall one and two year recurrence rate was 52% and 62% in BCG, 70% and 80% in mitomycin C and 74% and 82% in control group. which was not statistically different(p>0.05) and the recurrence free pattern among three groups was not different statistically. But the mean time for recurrence and time for recurrence of 50 percent of the patients was 24.55 and 13 months in BCG group, which were longer than 14.2 and 5 months in mitomycin C and 12.72 and 7 months in control group. The tumor grade and number were lowered in the 20 recurrent tumors after BCG treatment with statistical significance. The overall 2 year recurrence rate was not significantly improved, BCG instillation resulted in improvement in grade, decrease in the number of the tumor and delay in time for recurrence in patients with high risk superficial bladder tumors. Although prophylactic efficacy of the BCG instillation is not complete, it would be provide reasonable benefit to the patients and is apparently superior to mitomycin C.
Bacillus* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mitomycin* ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Recurrence ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

OBJECTIVE: Radiation injury includes radiation necrosis and apoptosis. The purpose of this study is whether steroids and calcium channel blockers are effective for the prevention of single high dose irradiation-induced apoptosis in the rat brain. METHODS: Eighty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four experimental groups: Control(nontreated, n=20), Dexamethasone-treated(0.1mg/kg, n=20), Prednisolone-treated(2mg/kg, n=20), Nimodipine-treated (0.5mg/kg, n=20). After drug was administered, the right hemisphere of rat's brain was exposed to a single 10Gy dose of gamma rays using Ir-192. All brains underwent histological examination at 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after irradiation to evaluate cortical thickness and number of apoptotic cells. Apoptotic cells were detected by TUNEL assay. RESULTS: In nimodipine-treated group, apoptotic cell count was reduced significantly, compared to that of control(non treated) group at 4 and 8 weeks after irradiation(p<0.05). The decrease of cortical thickness was reduced significantly in nimodipine-treated group, compared to that of control group(p<0.05). There was no significant changes in the number of apoptotic cells and cortical thickness in prednisolone and dexamethasone-treated groups compared with those of control. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that nimodipine treatment may have effects on the prevention of radiation-induced apoptosis. If it could be established that calcium channel blockers inhibit radiation injury, they might be useful in radiation therapy. Further investigation of calcium channel blockers including dosage effectiveness, intracellular calcium ion concentration and effects on tumor tissue are necessary to clarify the usefulness of nimodipine.
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Brain* ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; Calcium Channels* ; Calcium* ; Cell Count ; Dexamethasone ; Gamma Rays ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Necrosis ; Nimodipine ; Prednisolone ; Radiation Injuries ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Steroids

Tyrosine kinases have been implicated in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and contraction. The involvement of tyrosine kinases in 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)-induced contractile response of the isolated aorta was examined in two-kidney, one clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats, 2141C hypertension was made by constricting the left renal artery and age-matched control rat received sham treatment. Thoracic aortic rings denuded of endotheliurn were mounted in tissue bath, for measurement of isometric contractile force. The putative tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, shifted concentration-response curves to 5-HT toward the right in control rats The isometric force generation induced by 5-HT was also inhibited by genistein in aortic rings from 2K1C: hypertensivc rats, however genistein did not affect on the high concentration of 5-HT in hypertensive rat ;. Genistein-induced relaxations were more attenuated in aortae from hypertensive rats than those from control Genistein had no effect on contrartcion elicited by the direct protein kinase C activator, phorbol 12, 13 dibutyrate (PDBu) either in 2KlC hypertensive or in control Group. These findings indicate that genistein-sensitive tyrosine kinases paeticipate in 5-HT-induced contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle, of which role is apparent in 2K1C: hypertension.
Animals ; Aorta ; Baths ; Cell Proliferation ; Genistein ; Hypertension ; Muscle, Smooth ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Phosphotransferases* ; Placebos ; Protein Kinase C ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Rats* ; Relaxation ; Renal Artery ; Serotonin ; Tyrosine*

PURPOSE: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor-beta family and play an important role in cellular growth. Recent reports suggest that exogenous bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) acts as an antiproliferative agent in a variety of cell lines. We will study whether BMP-2 is altered in human colorectal cancer. METHODS: We analyzed 40 colorectal cancer cases and 6 colorectal cancer cell lines by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to determine the expression of BMP-2. RESULTS: Thirteen of 40 colorectal cancers (33%) and 3 of 6 colorectal cancer cell lines (50%) revealed decreased expression of BMP-2. The rates of decreased expression were 0% (0/7), 42.1% (8/19), 28.6% (2/7), 33.3% (2/6), and 100% (1/1) in stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively. Histologically, the rates were 33.3% (2/6), 32.2% (10/21), 50% (1/2), and 0% (0/1) in well-differentiated, moderately-differentiated, poorly-differentiated and mucinous cancers, respectively. As for location, the rates for colon and rectal cancers were 27.8% (5/18) and 36.4% (8/22), respectively. We identified methylation in the CpG island of the BMP-2 gene in 60% of colorectal cancer cells and in 50% of colorectal cancer cell lines. The 13 cases without BMP-2 gene expression showed no significant correlation with clinicopathological factors. Epigenetic silencing through DNA methylation is one of the key steps during carcinogenesis. CONCLUSION: We found, through an analysis using the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction technique, CpG island methylation of the BMP-2 promoter region in colorectal cancer. Thus, aberrant BMP-2 methylation and the resultant loss of BMP-2 expression may be related to colorectal carcinogenesis.
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; Cell Line ; Colon ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; CpG Islands ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenomics ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Methylation ; Mucins ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Rectal Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Adrenocortical Adenoma* ; Lipomatosis* ; Paraplegia*