Although intramedullary nailing is mostly used in the management of fractures in the long bone shaft, plate fixation is still alternative option in periprosthetic or metaphyseal fractures. For the rigid fixation during plating, sometimes we need wiring. Many surgeons experience slippage of wire resulting in loss of rigid fixation because plate and wire is so slippery and the diameter of bone is changing by level especially in the metaphyseal area. Wiring plate(CHO plate) was designed to prevent slippage. This plate has transverse holes for wires between screw holes on traditionally used dynamic compression plate. Sixteen fractures of long bone shaft were fixed with wiring plate and 11 cases which were followed up for more than one year were evaluated. There were periprosthetic fractures(4 cases), spiral or butterfly fractures(4 cases) and fractures of poor bone quality(two cases of malignancy and one case of osteoporosis). Nine cases were successfully reduced and the healed without loss of fixation. In two cases, delayed union and nonunion were observed due to wire breakage with plate loosening. Preliminarily, wiring plate fixation can be used for the periprosthetic fracture and one of alternative option in butterfly or spiral fracture and fracture in osteoporotic bone or pathologic fracture.
Butterflies ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Periprosthetic Fractures

Background/Aims: AT-rich interactive domain 1A (ARID1A) is frequently mutated in gastric cancer (GC), especially Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated and microsatellite instability high GC.The loss of ARID1A expression has been reported as a poor prognostic marker in GC. However, the relationships between ARID1A alteration and EBV-associated and microsatellite instability high GC, which are known to have a favorable prognosis, has hampered proper evaluation of the prognostic significance of ARID1A expression in GC. We aimed to analyze the true prognostic significance of ARID1A expression by correcting confounding variables. Methods: We evaluated the ARID1A expression in a large series (n=1,032) of advanced GC and analyzed the relationships between expression pattern and variable parameters, including clinicopathologic factors, key molecular features such as EBV-positivity, mismatch repair protein deficiency, and expression of p53 and several receptor tyrosine kinases including human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, epidermal growth factor receptor, and mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor. Survival analysis of the molecular subtypes was done according to the ARID1A expression patterns. Results: Loss of ARID1A expression was found in 52.5% (53/101) of mutL homolog 1 (MLH1)-deficient and 35.8% (24/67) of EBV-positive GCs, compared with only 9.6% (82/864) of the MLH1-proficient and EBV-negative group (p<0.001). The loss of ARID1A expression was associated only with MLH1 deficiency and EBV positivity. On survival analysis, the loss of ARID1A expression was associated with worse prognosis only in MLH1-proficient and EBV-negative GC. Multivariate analysis revealed that both loss of ARID1A and decreased ARID1A expression were independent worse prognostic factors in patients with advanced GC. Conclusions Only in MLH1-proficient and EBV-negative GC, the loss of ARID1A expression is related to poorer prognosis.

PURPOSE: Drainage of the peritoneal cavity after abdominal surgery has been routinely practiced, although few data exist to scientifically support the efficacy of such an approach. In gastric cancer surgery, drainage is regarded as an essential procedure to keep the peritoneal cavity clear after extended lymphadenectomy and, also, to facilitate early detection of hemorrhage, and anastomotic or duodenal stump leakage. In this context, we planned a randomized prospective trial of drainage use after gastrectomy with extended lymphadenectomy. METHODS: Between February and July 2001, 170 patients who underwent gastrectomy with extended lymphadenectomy were randomly allocated to either a non-drainage (n=84) or drainage group (n=86). The primary outcome measure was the complication rate. Additional outcome measures were operation time, requirements of rescue analgesics, changes in the level of serum albumin and hemoglobin, and hospital stay. RESULTS: Demographic details, preoperative physical status, and pathologic features were not different between the two groups. Incidences of total gastrectomy and splenectomy among total gastrectomies were similar in both groups. However, operation time was shorter in the non-drainage group than in the drainage group (P=0.022). There were no differences in surgical outcome, including changes in hemoglobin and albumin levels, requirement for rescue analgesics, time to flatus or soft diet, and length of hospital stay. Complication rates were not different between the two groups(P=0.691), nor in the patterns of complication in either group. There was no operative mortality or reoperation. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, routine abdominal drainage should not be mandatory or even standard after gastrectomy with extended lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer.
Analgesics ; Diet ; Drainage ; Flatulence ; Gastrectomy ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Node Excision ; Mortality ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Prospective Studies ; Reoperation ; Serum Albumin ; Splenectomy ; Stomach Neoplasms*

There is a widespread belief that nasogastric decompression in gastric cancer surgery allows better surgical field and leads to the reduction of postoperative complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether gastric cancer surgery can be safely performed without nasogastric decompression. From March to June 2000, 119 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were randomized into either a tubeless group (n=56) or an intubated group (n=63). Exclusion criteria included a history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and pyloric obstruction. No remarkable difference was found in the incidence of complications in the tubeless and intubated groups (mean 10.9%, p=0.945). The incidence of nasogastric tube insertion in the tubeless group was similar to the incidence of nasogastric tube reinsertion in the intubated group (p=0.747). Time to pass flatus was not different in the two groups (p=0.054), nor was the length of hospital stay (p=0.148). These results suggest that gastric cancer surgery can be performed safely without nasogastric decompression.
Adult ; Aged ; Comparative Study ; Female ; Human ; *Intubation, Gastrointestinal ; Male ; Middle Age ; Postoperative Complications/etiology ; Prospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms/*surgery

In so-called primary osteoarthritic knees, there may be secondary osteoarthritis due to the instability from chronic cruciate ligament and/or meniscal tear. The purpose of this study is to compare the findings of bone single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) and those of simple radiography in osteoarthritic knees which we consider as primary on the status of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL). We reviewed the preoperative bone SPECT and simple radiography of forty-three osteoarthritic knees in 23 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty between 1995 and l996. We divided the cases into two groups on the status of ACL: thirty intact ACLs(Group I), thirteen insufficient ACLs(Group II). Meniscal tear and/or ACL insufficiency were found in 38 of 43 knees, As regards with presence of osteophytes and sclerotic changes on simple radiograph, there was no significant differences between group I and II. Joint space narrowing was more prominent and diffuse in group I(medial 29, lateral 24) than group II(medial 7, lateral 6). Bone SPECT showed diffuse uptake in group I(medial 30, lateral 23), but less uptake on the lateral compartment(medial 13, lateral 3) in group II. In ACL-intact osteoarthritic knees, joint space narrowing on simple radiograph and hot uptake on bone SPECT were more prominent and diffuse than in ACL-insufficient knees. Clinical relevance is still uncertain and further investigation is needed.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament* ; Arthroplasty ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee* ; Ligaments ; Osteoarthritis ; Osteophyte ; Radiography* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

PURPOSE: To analyze the causes and clinical outcomes associated with re-revision total knee arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen cases of re-revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were performed between June 1996 and September 2006. The average patient age was 69.8 years, and the average follow-up period was 3.4 years. We evaluated the time interval between revision and re-revision arthroplasty and the causes of re-revision. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee rating score and determining the range of motion in the knee. RESULTS: The mean interval between revision and re-revision arthroplasty was 9 years 1 month. Causes of re-revision included 9 cases of polyethylene wear, 6 cases of aseptic loosening, 1 case of infection, and 2 cases of other causes. The average HSS score was 89.1, and the average range of motion was 111.1 degrees. For 5 cases of revision undertaken secondary to infected TKA, the interval between revision and re-revision arthroplasty was 9 years 3 months, and the cause of re-revision surgery was aseptic loosening in all cases. CONCLUSION: The main causes of re-revision surgery were polyethylene wear and aseptic loosening. Reasonable restoration of function was achieved in re-revision arthroplasty using appropriately selected implants, metal augmentation, structural allografts, and stems. When revising an infected TKA, it is important to achieve structural stability in the implant because of the possibility of late aseptic loosening.
Arthroplasty ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Polyethylene ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Transplantation, Homologous

PURPOSE: To analyze the pre- and postoperative posterior tibial slope angle (PSA) of performing cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to identify the ideal value of the PSA in relation to the clinical results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 1999 to May 2005, 202 TKA with a NexGen(R) cruciate-retaining knee were performed in 160 patients. The mean follow-up period was 39.8 months. The pre- and postoperative PSA referenced by the proximal tibial medullary canal (PSA-A) and the proximal tibial anterior cortex (PSA-B) were measured by two independent observers. The knee and function scoring system of the American Knee Society and the range of motion of the knee at the last follow-up were evaluated as the clinical results. RESULTS: The mean PSA-A was 11.4+/-4.8degrees preoperatively and 6.0+/-2.8degrees postoperatively, and the mean PSA-B was 13.6+/-4.9degrees preoperatively and 8.1+/-2.9degrees postoperatively. The difference between the pre- and postoperative PSA increased as the preoperative PSA-A changed from 6.0degrees and the PSA-B changed from 8.1degrees; these findings showed statistical significance based on a simple linear regression (PSA-A: r= 0.837, p=0.000; PSA-B: r=0.834, p=0.000). The knee and function score of American Knee Society improved respectively from 62.9 and 55.8, preoperatively, to 97.4 and 89.7 respectively, at the last follow-up. The range of motion of the knee joint was 128.0degrees preoperatively and 129.7degrees at the last follow-up. CONCLUSION: In cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty, PSA-A is mostly distributed within 3.2-8.8degrees, and a reasonable range of PSA-A is 6.0+/-2.8degrees.
Arthroplasty ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Linear Models ; Range of Motion, Articular

PURPOSE: To evaluate midterm results after microfracture in osteoarthritic knees. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between October 1997 and April 2006, 67 osteoarthritic knees, with minimum 4-year follow-up, underwent microfracture. Baumgaertner scores were evaluated to determine clinical results. Radiological results were assessed based on joint space widening and improvement of mechanical axis deviation. Joint space widening was calculated by comparing the preoperative joint space with the final follow-up joint space. Varus deformity was evaluated on orthoroentgenogram and recorded as a percentile of the point at which the mechanical axis intersected a line extending from the center of the knee to medial border of the medial tibial condyle. The figure was expressed as MA%. RESULTS: The average Baumgaertner score at final follow-up was 7.0. The average joint space changed from 2.74 mm to 4.22 mm on AP radiographs and from 1.91 mm to 3.85 mm on lateral radiographs. Average MA% was 57.5% preoperatively and 45.8% at final follow-up. Clinical and radiological improvements were maintained in most cases followed for more than 4 years. Four patients had total knee arthroplasty after an average of 4.1 years. CONCLUSION: We noted pain relief, joint space widening, and improvement of mechanical axis after microfracture for degenerative arthritis of the knee. Maintenance of clinical and radiological improvement was observed at midterm follow-up.
Arthroplasty ; Arthroscopy ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Osteoarthritis

PURPOSE: In the UICC staging system, stage IV contains not only those patients with distant metastasis but also patients with far advanced T and N status but without distant metastasis. We investigated the prognostic factors of stage IV gastric carcinoma patients without distant metastasis after curative resection. MATENRIALS AND METHODS: 190 stage IV gastric carcinoma patients without distant metastasis were reviewed after curative resection. RESULTS: Male sex, distal third location, Borrmann type III, IV and histologically undifferentiated type were common. 5 year survival rate of the 190 patients was 22.2%. Depth of invasion and lymph node metastasis did not influence survival. The lymph node ratio (positive lymph node / retrieved lymph node) and combined resection affected survival by univariate and multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Combined resection and positive lymph node ratio were the independent prognostic factors in the patients with stage IV gastric carcinoma who underwent curative resection.
Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Prognosis* ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical and radiological results and to analyze the survivorship after closing wedge proximal tibial osteotomy(PTO) using miniplate staple. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From November 1993 to August 2003, sixty closing wedge PTO using miniplate staple were performed in forty patients. The average follow-up period was 7.2 years(range, 2.8~12.5 years). According to the post- operative femorotibial angle(FTA), group I was defined as the cases whose FTA was less than 7 degrees of valgus(25 cases) and group II was defined as the cases whose FTA was more than 7 degrees of valgus(35 cases). The HSS score, FTA and survivorship were compared between group I and II. RESULTS: Average HSS score at the last follow up were 75.3 in group I and 85.9 in group II(p=0.006). Average FTA at the last follow up were 0.8 degrees in group I and 7.7 degrees in group II(p=0.006). The overall 7-year survivorship was 92.6% and 12-year survivorship was 75.5%. The 7-year survivorship and 12-year survivorship of group I were 86.7% and 54.2%, respectively. Group II have no failure at last follow up(p=0.0489). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the desirable postoperative FTA was more than 7 degrees of valgus, considering the long term satisfactory result and survivorship of the closing wedge PTO using miniplate staple for the osteoarthritic knees.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee ; Osteotomy* ; Survival Rate*