We examined diseases occurring farmed Whitmania pigra(L.) in Hebei province in the aspect of situation of disease,clinical symptoms and pathological changes.In addition,the molecular identification were conducted to representative strain,the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced and compared with that of related strains,molecular phylogenetic tree was constructed.The results showed that the disease was infected by Aeromonas hydrophila.Pure cultures of 10 strains have the same serotype.Selected representative strain was proved to be the corresponding primitive causal agent of the disease by artificial infection experiment to healthy Whitmania pigra(L.).Antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates to used thirty-seven antimicrobial agents showed that the tested strains were high sensitive to cefotaxime et al.,were sensitive to streptomycin et al.,were resistant to oxacillin et al.

Objective: To investigate the effect of carboxymethylchitosan on autocrine growth factor and morphology of fibroblasts cultured in vitro, so as to discuss the possible mechanism by which carboxymethylchitosan alleviates overheating and prevents adhesion in wound healing. Methods: Fibroblasts were cultured in vitro. Fibroblasts of passage 4-6 were treated with different concentrations of carboxymethylchitosan (0.01,0.1,1.0 and 10 mg/ml) for 4 days or with 0.1 mg/ml carboxymethylchitosan for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 days. The levels of autocrine transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β 1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) of fibroblasts were determined by ELISA and radioimmunoassay. The fibroblastic morphology was detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and microscope after fibroblasts were treated with different strategies. Results: Carboxymethylchitosan (≥ 0.1 mg/ml) inhibited autocrine TGF-β1 of fibroblast in a time- and concentration dependent manner (P< 0.05). However, Carboxymethylchitosan had no obvious influence on the secretion of EGF(P>0.05). Carboxymethylchitosan (≥ 0.1 mg/ml) also inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts and caused their ultrastructural changes. Conclusion: Carboxymethylchitosan (≥0.1 mg/ml) can inhibit fibroblasts proliferation and reduce tissue adhesion, possibly through altering fibroblast ultrastructure and selectively inhibiting secretion of TGF-β1.

Objective: To prepare and evaluate the effectiveness of chitosan-carboxymethylcellulose membrane in preventing postoperative intestinal adhesion. Methods: Chitosan-carboxymethylcellulose membrane was prepared with 1:1 ratio of chitosan and carboxymethylcellulose. Glutaraldehyde and ammonium aluminium sulfate were used for cross-linkage, glycerin for enhancing plasticity; and then the product was dried. The membrane was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and its tensile strength and breaking elongation were measured. Forty-eight SD rats with ileum injury were randomly divided into A, B and C groups (n=16). During operation, the injury in group A was treated with chitosan-carboxymethylcellulose membrane, in group B with chitosan membrane, and in group C without treatment (control group). The adhesion was observed on the 14th postoperative day. Results: The tensile strength of chitosan-carboxymethylcellulose membrane was 20 MPa and the breaking elongation was 65%. SEM showed that the morphology of the membrane had crossed fibroid structures and irregular pores. The severity of adhesion in group A and B was significantly lower than that in group C (P<0.01). Milder inflammatory changes and less fibrous proliferation were found in group A and B compared with those in group C. Epithelia rehabilitated better in group A than in group B, and the proliferation of fibroblast was not significant under electron microscope. In group C, epithelia rehabilitated slowly and fibroblasts excreted collagen actively. Conclusion: Chitosan-carboxymethylcellulose membrane is feasible for suturing during operation and is effective in reducing intestinal adhesion and it is superior to chitosan membrane.

Chronic insomnia is a severe disease that seriously influence the human health, and about 10%-15% of the adults suffer from it. No definite conclusion has been made about its etiology up to now, possibly associated with heredity, hormone secretion and living habits. Insomnia not only decreases the patients' quality of life,but also adds burden to society, families and individuals. The diagnosis of chronic insomnia should be based on the patients' sleep history, medication history, psychiatric history and necessary examinations. International diagnosis criteria should be combined if possible. Presently the treatments for chronic insomnia mainly include the OTC medicine, prescription drugs,self-medication with alcoholic beverage, cognitive behavior therapy, melatonin and some traditional herbal therapies. Limited information is available presently about insomnia and a large amount of laboratory and clinical research need to be done to further understand and solve this public problem.

italic>Cannabis sativa, one of the ancient medicinal plants, has been used to alleviate pain and seizures. However, cannabinoids are often addictive, which limits their clinical use. Cannabidiol (CBD) as a non-psychoactive component of Cannabis sativa, has much weaker adverse effects than Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and therefore has received widespread attention. CBD has been found to ameliorate a variety of neuropsychiatric diseases, but the precise mechanism(s) of action are still unclear. Due to its low affinity for classical cannabinoid receptors current studies are focusing on other targets outside the endocannabinoid system. In the present review we mainly summarize the effects and molecular mechanisms of CBD in neuropsychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, neuropathic pain, anxiety, and depression.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane ( ILM) peeling for treating foveoschisis in high myopia.
METHODS:Thirty high-myopia patients (30 eyes) with foveoschisis from March 2011 to March 2013 were divided two groups: the treatment group ( 16 eyes ) was treated with vitrectomy combined with ILM peeling, and the control group (14 eyes) was treated only with vitrectomy. The foveoschisis reattachment and and best spectacle-correction were measured preoperatively and 2mo after surgery.
RESULTS: The improvement of foveoschisis reattachment and best spectacle - correction in the treatment group was significantly better than those in the control group (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Vitrectomy combined with ILM peeling is a safe and effective treatment for foveoschisis in high myopia.

Objective To observe the influence of Angongniuhuang injection on the level of in- terleukin-1?(IL-1?),intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1),serum protein S100B and neuron specific enolase (NSE) after brain injury to explore its protective effect on the injured brain tissues. Methods Brain contusion model was made in rats by Feeney's method.Then,the levels of IL-1?and ICAM-1 in the brain tissues and the levels of serum protein S100B and NSE in serum were measured by ELISA method at different time points.Results The level of IL-1?and ICAM-1 in brain tissues and that of S100B protein and NSE in serum in treatment group were lower than that in control group 6-48 hours after injury (P＜0.05).Conclusion Angongniuhuang injection can alleviate inflammatory re- sponse after brain injury and protect effectively brain tissues.

Lung cancer is one of the commonest of malignant tumor in the world.It is a major threat to human health in China with highest morbidity and mortality.Steady increase in incidence rates have been observed worldwide in the last few decades in young patients,but previous studies have provided conflicting data about the clinical characteristics and prognoses of young patients with lung cancer.Consequently,we have difficulty in comparing their results with each other,as the cutoff ages defining"young"were different in each study.Therefore,this article focuses on the clinical characteristics and the different results of researches for the young patients with primary lung cancer.

Aim To study effects of rhomotoxin (Rh) on electrophysiologic parameters in rabbit heart. Methods The rabbit hearts in vivo were injected with Rh 12.5 ?g?kg-1 , 25 ?g?kg-1 or saline iv respectively and the isolated rabbit hearts were perfused by Krebs-Henseleit(K-H) perfusion liquid containing Rh 0.34 ?mol?L-1 or 0.68 ?mol?L-1. The electrophysiologic parameters were observed before and after drug adminitration.Results At 20,40,60 and 80 min after injection of Rh 12.5 ?g?kg-1 iv,the VDT,ERP and RRP had no significant changes; but at 20,40,60 and 80 min after injection of Rh 25 ?g?kg-1 iv a significant prolongation of ERP and (or) RRP was found (P