1.In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Lactic Acid Bacteria against Clostridium difficile.
Joong Su LEE ; Myung Jun CHUNG ; Jae Gu SEO
Toxicological Research 2013;29(2):99-106
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become a significant threat to public health. Although broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy is the primary treatment option for CDI, its use has evident limitations. Probiotics have been proved to be effective in the treatment of CDI and are a promising therapeutic option for CDI. In this study, 4 strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), namely, Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR5), Lactococ-cuslactis (SL3), Bifidobacterium breve (BR3), and Bifidobacterium lactis (BL3) were evaluated for their anti-C. difficile activity. Co-culture incubation of C. difficile (106 and 1010 CFU/ml) with each strain of LAB indicated that SL3 possessed the highest antimicrobial activity over a 24-hr period. The cell-free supernatants of the 4 LAB strains exhibited MIC50 values between 0.424 mg/ml (SL3) and 1.318 (BR3) mg/ml. These results may provide a basis for alternative therapies for the treatment of C. difficile-associated gut disorders.
Bacteria
;
Bifidobacterium
;
Clostridium
;
Clostridium difficile
;
Coculture Techniques
;
Complementary Therapies
;
Lactic Acid
;
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
;
Probiotics
;
Public Health
;
Pyridines
;
Sprains and Strains
;
Thiazoles
2.Solitary Cysticercus Granuloma of the Brainstem: Case Report.
Juno PARK ; Young Gu CHUNG ; Dong Jun LIM ; Tae Hyong CHO ; Hoon Kap LEE ; Ki Chan LEE ; Jung Keun SUH
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 2000;29(10):1357-1359
No abstract available.
Brain Stem*
;
Cysticercus*
;
Granuloma*
3.Cervical Syringomyelia Associated with Cerebellar Mixed Oligo-Astrocytoma: A Case Report.
Jun Hyeok SONG ; Yong Gu CHUNG ; Ki Chan LEE ; Hoon Kap LEE
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 1995;24(6):718-722
The authors present a case of cervical syringomyelia associated with cerebellar mixed oligoastrocytoma in an 18-month-old boy who was normally delivered at full-term. The child presented with an increasing incidence of vomiting and irritability, and a poor truncal control. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed cerebellar vermian tumor with an obstructive hydrocephalus and a small-sized syringomyelia at the 6th cervical vertebral level. The tumor was completely removed via suboccipital craniectomy. Histologically, the tumor consisted of mixed oligo-astrocytoma. The cervical syringomyelia was conservatively managed with no specific operative treatment. At two months postoperatively, magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine showed a remarkable reduction in size of the syringomyelic cavity.
Astrocytoma
;
Brain
;
Cerebellar Neoplasms
;
Child
;
Humans
;
Hydrocephalus
;
Incidence
;
Infant
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Male
;
Spine
;
Syringomyelia*
;
Vomiting
4.Isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency associated with empty sella syndrome.
Jun Ho CHOI ; Byoung Hyun PARK ; Chung Gu JO
Korean Journal of Medicine 2008;75(5):597-601
Isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency is an uncommon disorder for which the pathogenetic mechanism has not yet been identified. It has been reported that isolated ACTH deficiency (ICD) may be accompanied by deficiencies in other pituitary hormones; impaired growth hormone (GH) secretion was noted in 20 to 30% of ICD patients. Here, we describe a female patient with isolated ACTH deficiency accompanied by empty sella syndrome presenting as hypoglycemia, which was confirmed via various endocrine tests and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the sella turcica. The patient's symptoms improved rapidly with prednisolone therapy and, during follow-up, her previously impaired GH response to provocative stimuli and high TSH levels were corrected by glucocorticoid replacement alone. However, treatment failed to normalize plasma IGF-1 levels, suggesting that physiological cortisol levels are necessary for a normal plasma GH response to provocative stimuli.
Adrenal Insufficiency
;
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
;
Empty Sella Syndrome
;
Female
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Growth Hormone
;
Humans
;
Hydrocortisone
;
Hypoglycemia
;
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Plasma
;
Prednisolone
;
Sella Turcica
5.Effects of Mycobacterium leprae , M . leprae Phenolic Glycolipid - 1 and Cytokines on the Nitric Oxide Generation of RAW 264 . 7 Macrophages.
Seok Don PARK ; Jae Sung LEE ; Bok Soo LEE ; Chang Duk JUN ; Hun Taeg CHUNG ; Jong Gu KIM
Korean Journal of Dermatology 1994;32(2):234-244
Background: Nitric oxide(NO) has been reproted to play an important role in macrophage-mediated microbicidal capacity for a variety of intracellular pathogens. NO generation is used as an indicator of microbicidal function of macrophages. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose is to investigate the production of NO rom macrophages phagocytized with Mycobacterium leprae or M. leprae phenolic glycolipid-1(PGL-1) for the purpose of elucidating the pathogenesis of leprosy. METHODS: We used a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7. Macrophages were incubated with dead M. leprae or PGL-1, respectively and then treated with interfer n-gamma(IFN-r) and/or tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-a). The release of NO was determined spectrophotometrically by measuring nitrite. RESULTS: M. Leprae and PGL-1 failed to stimulnte NO secretion execept at high bacteria-to-cell rations(50:1)and at the higheat concentrat,ion(100pg/ml) of PGL-1. IFN-r or IFN-r plus TNF-a markedly stimulated macrophages phagocyt,ized with M. leprae or PGL-1 to release NO . CONCLUSION: Defective IFN-r-dependent NO production of macrophages may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of leprosy.
Cell Line
;
Cytokines*
;
Leprosy
;
Macrophages*
;
Mycobacterium leprae*
;
Mycobacterium*
;
Necrosis
;
Nitric Oxide*
;
Phenol*
6.Changes in Concentration of Extracellular Aspartate and Glutamate During Cortical Spreading Depression in the Rat Cerebral Cortex.
Jun Hyeok SONG ; Youn Kwan PARK ; Yong Gu CHUNG ; Heung Seob CHUNG ; Jung Keun SUH ; Ki Chan LEE ; Hoon Kap LEE
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 1996;25(2):242-251
The author has examined the effect of cortical spreading depression(CSD) on the changes in extracellular concetration of aspartate and glutamate in the neocortex of anesthetized rats using microdialysis and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). The rats were prepared by halothane anesthesia and artificial ventilation. Rats were placed in a stereotaxic frame, and craniotomies were performed over the frontal and parietal cortexes on one side. The CSD was elicited by local application of KCI-soaked small pellets to the frontal cortex. The CSD was monitored by the changes of direct current(DC) potential in the parietal cortex. The microdialysis probe was implanted in the anterior part of the parietal cortex. Amino acids were analyzed by HPLC and fluorescence detection. Baseline concentration of the aspartate was 34.9+/-15.9nM and that of glutamate was 189.8+/-29.1nM(mean standard deviation). The perfusate for analysis was obtained 30 minutes after the beginning of the 300mM KCl induced CSD. Aspartate was found to increase to 146+/-55% baseline, glutamate up to 173+/-30% baseline(mean standard deviation). The increment of glutamate was statistically significant(p<0.05). Then 2M KCI-doaked pellets were applied for more frequent CSD amd the samples were collected. Aspartate increased up to 258+/-97% baseline, glutamate up to 174+/-57% baseline(mean standard deviation), The increment of glutamate and aspartate accompanying 2M KCI induced CSD were also statistically significant(p<0.05). These data suggest that the excitatory amino acids were released during the CSD and this may explain the various aspects of CSD that could contribute to the secondary neuronal damage in the compromised nerve cell.
Amino Acids
;
Anesthesia
;
Animals
;
Aspartic Acid*
;
Cerebral Cortex*
;
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
;
Cortical Spreading Depression*
;
Craniotomy
;
Excitatory Amino Acids
;
Fluorescence
;
Glutamic Acid*
;
Halothane
;
Microdialysis
;
Neocortex
;
Neurons
;
Rabeprazole
;
Rats*
;
Ventilation
7.Unlateral Moyamoya Disease Associated with Brain Tumor.
Jin Kwan KIM ; Dong Jun LIM ; Jung Yul PARK ; Yong Gu CHUNG ; Heung Seob CHUNG ; Hoon Kap LEE
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 1999;28(1):102-105
A 51-year-old female patient with right lower motor weakness and left side motor weakness is presented. MRI signal revealed a butterfly brain mass. Angiography showed stenosis of left side internal carotid artery at the supraclinoid portion and Moyamoya vessel, collateral circulation to mass via posterior circulation and contralateral was observed.
Angiography
;
Brain Neoplasms*
;
Brain*
;
Butterflies
;
Carotid Artery, Internal
;
Collateral Circulation
;
Constriction, Pathologic
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Middle Aged
;
Moyamoya Disease*
8.Krukenberg Tumor Presenting with Brain Metastasis: A Case Report.
Taek Hyun KWON ; Tai Hyoung CHO ; Dong Jun LIM ; Jung Yul PARK ; Youn Kwan PARK ; Yong Gu CHUNG ; Hung Seob CHUNG ; Jung Keun SUH
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 2000;29(9):1267-1270
No abstract available.
Brain*
;
Krukenberg Tumor*
;
Neoplasm Metastasis*
9.Multiple Infarcts after Intra-arterial Carboplatin Therapy.
Jun Hong MIN ; Joo Han KIM ; Young Gu CHUNG ; Nam Jun LEE ; Jung Keun SUH ; Hoon Kap LEE
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 2003;34(3):254-257
We report a case of multiple cerebral infarcts, which developed after intra-arterial(IA) carboplatin therapy in a patient with glioblastoma who had received surgery with conventional and intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT). A 31-year-old male patient presented with one-month history of worsening headaches and visual dimness. Seven years previously, he had been subjected to a subtotal resection of anaplastic astrocytoma in the right occipital lobe, followed by external radiation therapy with a total dose of 5580cGy. Carboplatin was given at an initial dose of 300mg/m2. Before and after the infusion of carboplatin, solumedrol(500mg/day) was given for seven days, with the dosage being gradually reduced over the next five days. In addition, 20% mannitol(100ml) was infused over a 15-minute period before chemotherapy, and the fluid volume of electrolyte was adjusted to maintain an optimal urine output. The patient underwent five cycles of IA carboplatin therapy. Careful attention should be given during IA carboplatin chemotherapy to patients who are also being treated with IORT.
Adult
;
Astrocytoma
;
Carboplatin*
;
Drug Therapy
;
Glioblastoma
;
Headache
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Occipital Lobe
10.A Glioblastoma Occurred at Cerebello-pontine Angle: Case Report.
Jun Hyeok SONG ; Dong Jun LIM ; Yong Gu CHUNG ; Ki Chan LEE ; Hoon Kap LEE
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 1996;25(12):2519-2522
Glioblastomas rarely occur in the posterior fossa. The authors present clinical and pathological findings in a 59-year-old female patient with a glioblastoma growing primarily in the cerebello-pontine angle. The patient presented with a 1-month history of diplopia. Neurological examination revealed right-sided trigeminal and abducens nerve paresis. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-enhancing mass at cerebello-pontine angle. Following near total removal via petrosal approach, the pathological examination revealed a glioblastoma. To the authors knowledge, this represents the first case of glioblastoma arising at cerebello-pontine angle, probably originating from the most proximal part of abducens nerve.
Abducens Nerve
;
Diplopia
;
Female
;
Glioblastoma*
;
Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Middle Aged
;
Neurologic Examination
;
Paresis