0.05),But induced distraction had lower positive (t=3.060,P=0.014) and negative priming effects (t=3.527,P=0.006) for positive faces than induced rumination.(2) In induced rumination task,depressed individuals had lower positive (F=21.56,P=0.000) and negative priming effects (F=34.17,P=0.000) to negative faces than normal controls.(3) In induced distraction task,depressed patients had lower positive (F=51.97,P=0.000) and negative priming effects (F=10.21,P=0.000) to positive faces than controls.And it had lower positive priming effects (F=4.07,P=0.014) and negative priming effects (F=9.70,P=0.000) to negative faces than normal controls.Conclusion Induced rumination has no influence on inhibition of distraction in depressed individuals.Induced distraction decreases the distracter inhibition and increases the excessive facilitation for positive faces stimuli.

Objective To compare the outcomes of two temperature maintenance strategies during radical resection for carcinoma of oesophagus and their effects on postoperative shivering. Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients undergoing radical resection for carcinoma of oesophagus were randomly assigned to hypothermia group (HT group, patients were not wanned perioperatively, n=10), intraoperative normothermia group (INT group, patients were warmed only intraoperatively, n=10) and perioperative normothermia group(PNT group, patients were warmed before induction of anesthesia and during anesthesia, n=10). The tympanic temperature began to be recorded 20 min before induction of anesthesia at intervals of 10 min. Results There was no significant difference in the decrease velocity of tympanic temperature during the first hour after induction of anesthesia between HT group and INT group, while both were significantly higher than that of PNT group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the tympanic temperature within 70 min after induction of anesthesia between HT group and INT group, while both were significantly lower than that of PNT group (P<0.05). The tympanic temperature of HT group continued to decrease 70 min after induction of anesthesia, while that of INT group and PNT group began to increase. There were significant differences in the tympanic temperature 80 min to 180 min after induction of anesthesia among these three groups(P<0.05). The incidences of postoperative shivering were 8, 5 and 2 in HT group, INT group and PNT group, respectively. The scores of thermal comfort scale were 19±10, 41±7 and 51±11 in HT group, INT group and PNT group, respectively, and there were significant differences among these three groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with INT, PNT can more effectively maintain perioperative normothermia, reduce the incidence of shivering and relieve the patients' cold thermal discomfort in radical resection for carcinoma of oesophagus.

Benzene ; isolation & purification ; Environmental Monitoring ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Recycling ; Toluene ; isolation & purification ; Xylenes ; isolation & purification

Objective: This population-based study is aimed to investigate the association of SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) in untranslated region of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) gene with genetic susceptibility of gastric cancer in Jiangsu province, China. Methods: The peripheral blood samples from 387 patients with gastric cancer and 392 healthy volunteers (as normal controls) were collected. Four SNPs including rs6965469, rs884225, rs884904 and rs763317 in untranslated region of EGFR gene were detected by polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction assay. The associations of these SNPs with the genetic susceptibility of gastric cancer were evaluated. Results: The SNP allele frequencies of rs6965469, rs884225, rs884904 and rs763317 were not significantly different between the patients with gastric cancer and the normal controls (P > 0.05). The frequency of genotype rs6965469 TC was significantly different between the patients with gastric cancer and the normal controls (P < 0.05). The haplotype TGA (rs6965469, rs884225 and rs884904) was associated with a significant increase in risk for gastric cancer [OR (odds ratio) = 3.52, 95% CI (confidence interval): 2.34-5.29] while the haplotype TAG was associated with a significant decrease in risk for gastric cancer (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.26-0.64). Conclusion: The T allele polymorphism in untranslated region of EGFR gene may be associated with the genetic susceptibility of gastric cancer. Combined analysis of SNPs including rs6965469, rs884225 and rs884904 may be useful to predict the risk of gastric cancer in Jiangsu province, China. Copyright © 2013 by TUMOR.

The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction ( AEG) is rising rapidly in recent years. AEG as an independent disease different from squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus and gastric adenocarcinoma is getting acknowledged for most of scholars, with the distinctive anatomy location and involute recurrence and metastasis style. A higher rate of relapse and poor prognosis after resection become conscious since most of patients have been diagnosed with advanced disease, and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy needs to be valued further. But so far, there is no clinical data and subgroup analysis aimed at the value of postoperative treatment for AEG specially, leading to controversy is remaining in patients could get benefit from postoperative treatment, and delineation of the radiation target, etc. The design of the irradiation target should in terms of the clinical?pathological characteristics of the AEG, Siewert'''' s subtypes, the lymph node metastasis mapping and recurrence characteristics after surgery.

Recent advancements on interventional molecular imaging aimed to further complement the advantages of two imaging fields, namely, interventional radiology and molecular imaging. Interventional molecular imaging significantly improved the early diag-nosis of cancer, local treatment, and monitoring of tumor treatments. Interventional radiology has continuously extended the capabili-ties of the currently available molecular imaging techniques to (i) obtain deep-seated targets;(ii) thoroughly examine small targets;(iii) precisely guide the delivery of non-targeted imaging tracers or therapeutics;and (iv) selectively enhance the effectiveness of targeted imaging and treatment with high accuracy. Molecular imaging has been used to guide interventional therapies and assess the thera-peutic efficacies of medical interventions. The continuous efforts on interventional molecular imaging extend molecular imaging from benches or small animal laboratories to large animal suites and ultimately to certain clinical applications in humans and enhance the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Objective To evaluate the potentiation of neuromuscular block produced by rocuronium during isoflurane anesthesia. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ -Ⅱ patients (39 male, 21 female), aged 18-56 yr, weighing 42-88 kg undergoing ENT, oral or facial plastic surgery were enrolled in this study. The patients were premedicated with atropine 0.01 mg?kg-1 . Anesthesia was induced with diazepam 0.1 mg?kg-1 , pethidine 1mg?kg-1 and droperidol 50?g?kg-1. Oro- or naso-tracheal intubation was accomplished under topical anesthesia. After intubation the patients received hydroxydione 2.5 g and fentanyl 5 ?g?kg-1 . The patients were mechanically ventilated. Anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of 50% N2O in O2 alone (groupⅠ) or combined with 0.6% isoflurane (group Ⅱ ) or 1.2% isoflurane (group Ⅲ ) . A bolus of rocuronium 0.6 mg?kg-1 was given during maintenance of anesthesia. Neuromuscular function was monitored using TOF response measured by accelerography (Biometer, Denmark). (1) Onset time (time from the end of injection to maximum depression of T1 ) , (2) the duration of T1 = 0, (3) time from the end of injection to recovery of T1 to 25% , 50% and 90% control, (4) recovery index (time from T, 25%-75%) were recorded. End-tidal isoflurane concentration was monitored.Results The onset time was significantly longer in group Ⅰ[ (1.7?0.2) min] than that in group Ⅱ[ (0.9?0.1) min] and groupⅢ[(0.8?0.1) min] ( P

ObjectiveTo study the effect of adding various doses fentanyl to 0.75％ bupivacaine for spinal anesthetic in the population undergoing inguinal hernia repair surgery. MethodsThe population of 100 patients belonging to ASA class Ⅰ and Ⅱ ,scheduled for elective inguinal hernia repair, were randomized to receive a spinal anesthetic with 2 ml 0.75％ bupivacaine and 1.0 ml saline (group B),or 50 μg/ml fentanyl 0.1,0.2,0.4,0.6 ml(group BF5, group BF10, group BF20,group BF30),each group with 20 cases.Subarachnoid block was established in the left lateral position in L2-3 space by use of a midline approach. The volume of injected drug was kept constant at 3 ml. The time to the highest level of sensory block, the time for regression until T12 level, the time for complete motor recovery, the maintenance duration of the analgesia,the anesthesia effect of the groups, duration of surgery, drug-related side effects were assessed and recorded.ResultsThe time of the highest level of sensory block in group BF30 was shorter than that in group B,group BF5, group BF 1 0, group BF20 (P ＜ 0.05 ), but group B and group BF5 was longer than group BF10,group BF20, group BF30(P ＜ 0.05 ). The time of regression to T12 level in group BF20 was longer than that in group B, group BF5, group BF10, group BF30 (P＜0.05),but group B and group BF5 was shorter than group BF10, group BF20, group BF30(P＜ 0.05 ). The time for complete motor recovery and the maintenance duration of the analgesia in group B and group BF5 was shorter than that in group BFI0,group BF20, group BF30 (P ＜ 0.05 ). The occurrence of pruritus in group B (0) was lower than that in group B F5 (8 cases),group BF10 (3 cases), group BF20 (6 cases), group BF30 (6 cases)(P＜0.05). There were no cases of respiratory depression in five groups. ConclusionsIt suggests that in the population receiving spinal anesthetic for hernia repair surgery, addition of 10 μ g fentanyl to 0.75％ bupivacaine significantly improves the quality and duration of analgesia. No further advantage occurs if the dose of fentanyl is increased among 30 μg.

Objective To study the clinical feature and original diseases of bone marrow granulomas. Methods A total of 5217 bone marrow biopsies were retrospecitively analyzed in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2001 to December 2007. Results Bone marrow granulomas were present in 20 cases, representing an incidence of 0.38% in the series and an annual incidence of 2. 9 cases per year. Finally, 13 of these cases (65%) were diagnosed with tuberculosis. Hematological neoplasms and viral hepatitis were found in 4 and 2 cases respectively. Acute interstitial nephritis was diagnosed in one case. Conclusions The finding of a granuloma in a bone marrow biopsy is not common and unspecific.Tuberculosis, hematological neoplasms and viral hepatitis are the most common underlying diseases. Bone marrow biopsy is an important method for the diagnosis of disseminated tuberculosis.

Child ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Dystrophin ; genetics ; Exons ; Humans ; Male ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne ; genetics ; Mutation