The fracture of femoral neck, the unsolved fracture, is a msjor periphersl fracture of our skeleton, and for more than century its treatment and the results hsve been a matter of controversy and inquiry among surgeons, and although the results obtained today show improvement, they are not at all comparsble to those of other fractures. This study was performed to find the characteristics of femoral neck fractures in Korea and to give the direction of further treatment. Through the review of 30 articles reported on Journal of K.O.A., we suggest the followings are essential for further study. l. Epidemiologic study of femorsl neck fractures based on statistical data needs to be performed. 2. The study should be directed not only the frscture itself but also the prevention of the fracture via the study of osteoporosis. 3. The relationship of severity of fracture, time frorn trauma to treatment, and the result of treatment established by our own data is to be established.
Epidemiologic Studies ; Femoral Neck Fractures ; Femur Neck ; Korea ; Neck ; Osteoporosis ; Skeleton ; Statistics as Topic ; Surgeons

No abstract available.
Pancreatic Pseudocyst*

No abstract available.
Anxiety* ; Depression* ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe* ; Temporal Lobe*

Chronic complication of diving and working in compressed air is dysbaric osteonecrosis. Dysbaric osteonecrosis could be diagnosed by simple bone x-ray, in the case of exposure history to dysbaric atmosphere. The case is 44 years old man who worked as a shell fish diver for 20 years. He was exposed dysbaric atmosphere during diving. He had bone necrosis in both femur head, both distal femur and proximal tibia. He had multiple attacks of decompression sickness. Other causes of bone necrosis are ruled out. We conclude that diver's bone necrosis is dysbaric osteonecrosis.
Adult ; Atmosphere ; Compressed Air ; Decompression Sickness ; Diving ; Femur ; Femur Head ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Osteonecrosis* ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Arthroplasty* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee*

No abstract available.
Dacryocystorhinostomy*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dual isotope myocardial SPECT, rest thallium-201/dipyridamole stress Tc-99m sestamibi is used to diagnose coronary artery disease. We examined predictive value of myocardial SPECT for the prognosis of patients having or suspected coronary artery disease. MATERIALS AND METHOD: We examined 692 patients referred for dipyridamole stress myocardial perfusion SPECT. Cardiac events (hard and soft events) were followed up with medical record review and telephone interview. Survival analysis and multivariate Cox proportional hazard model were used to find significant predictors and the incremental predictive value of myocardial SPECT. Patients with coronary angiography (n=246) were analyzed in separate group. RESULTS: There were 4 hard events and 3 soft events in 341 normal SPECT group (1.20%/yr). There were 5 hard events and 21 soft events in 351 abnormal SPECT group (4.69%/yr). Survival curve was separated between normal SPECT group and abnormal SPECT group (p<0.01). In univariate analysis, smoking, history of myocardial infarction, typical chest pain and SPECT findings were important variables. In multivariate analysis, SPECT result was the single most independent predictor. Large reversible perfusion abnormality predicted worse prognosis. In patients with coronary angiography, SPECT did not add statistically significant predictive value to the coronary angiography. CONCLUSION: Dipyridamole stress Tl-201/ MIBI dual isotope myocardial perfusion SPECT provided excellent prognostic information. Extent of reversible perfusion decrease was the independent predictor of future cardiac events.
Chest Pain ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Dipyridamole ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Medical Records ; Multivariate Analysis ; Myocardial Infarction ; Perfusion ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Functional MR imaging is the method of demonstrating changes in regional cerebral blood flow produced by sensory, motor, and any other tasks. Functional MR of visual cortex os performed as a patient stares a photic stimulation, so adaptable photic stimulation is necessary. The purpose of this study to evaluate whether the size of photic stimulation can affect the degree of visual cortex activation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Functional MR imaging was performed in 5 volunteers with normal visual acuity. Photic stimulator was made by 39 light-emitting diodes on a plate ,operating at 8 Hz. The sizes of photic stimulator were full field, half field and focal central field. The MR imager was Siemens 1.5-T Magenton Vision system, using standard head coil. Functional MRI utilized EPI sequence (TR/TE=1.0/51. 0msec, matrix No.=98x128, slice thickness=8mm) with 3sets of 6 imaging during stimulation and 6 imaging during stimulation and 6 imaging during rest, all 36 scanning were obtained. Activated images were obtained using postprocessing software(statistical analysis by Z-zone, and these images were combined with T-1 weighted anatomical images. The activated signals were quantified by numbering the activated pixels, and activation index was obtained by dividing the pixel number of each stimulator size with the sum of the pixel number of 3 study using 3 kinds of stimulators. The correlation between the activation index and the stimulation size was analysed. RESULTS: Mean increase of signal intensities on the activation area using full field photic stimulator was about 9.6%. The activation index was greatest on full field. second on half field and smallest in focal central field in 4, The index of half field was greater than that of full field in 1. The ranges of activation index were full field 43-73%(mean 55%), half field 22-40%(mean 32%), and focal central field 5-24%(13%). CONCLUSION: The degree of visual cortex activation increases with the size of photic stimulator.
Head ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Photic Stimulation ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Cortex* ; Volunteers

PURPOSE: We investigated whether myocardial SPECT had additional usefulness to clinical, functional or surgical indices for the preoperative evaluation of cardiac risks in noncardiac surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 118 patients (M: F=66:52, 62.7+/-10.5 years) were studied retrospectively. Eighteen underwent vascular surgeries and 100 nonvascular surgeries. Rest T1-201/stress Tc-99m-MIBI SPECT was performed before operation and cardiac events (hard event: cardiac death and myocardial infarction; soft event: ischemic ECG change, congestive heart failure and unstable angina) were surveyed through perioperative periods (14.6+/-5.6 days). Clinical risk indices, functional capacity, surgery procedures and SPECT findings were tested for their predictive values of perioperative cardiac events. RESULTS: Peri-operative cardiac events occurred in 25 patients (3 hard events and 22 soft events). Clinical risk indices, surgical procedure risks and SPECT findings but functional capacity were predictive of cardiac events. Reversible perfusion decrease was a better predictor than persistent decrease. Multivariate analysis sorted` out surgical procedure risk (p=0.0018) and SPECT findings (p=0.0001) as significant risk factors. SPECT could re-stratify perioperative cardiac risks in patients ranked with surgical procedures. CONCLUSION:: We conclude that myocardial SPECT provides additional predictive value to surgical type risks as well as clinical indexes or functional capacity for the prediction of preoperative cardiac events in noncardiac surgery.
Death ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Multivariate Analysis ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Perfusion ; Perioperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*