We examined the nuclear overexpression of p53 protein by immunohistochemical analysis of the deparaffinized tumor tissue specimens from 45 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. The data were then correlated with conventional prognostic variables such as histologic tumor grade, stage and DNA ploidy. In addition, we related the expression of the 53 protein to indicators of cellular proliferative activity, including proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), mean number of silver-binding nucleoar organizer regions(AgNORs) per nucleus, flow cytometric S-phase fraction(SPF) and proliferation index(PI). Survivals of the patients according to mutant p53 protein expression, stratified by histologic tumor grade and stage were analyzed.None of the urothelial cells from normal bladder specimens showed nuclear expression of mutant p53 protein. Mutant p53 protein expression was not associated with histologic tumor grade, stage, flow cytometric SPF and PI, but there was an association between mutant p53 protein expression and flow cytometric DNA ploidy with marginal statistical significance(p=0.0892) There was statistically significant difference of mutant p53 protein expression between low and high AgNORs counts per nucleus(p=0.0108), but here was no significant correlation between mutant p53 protein expression and PCNA expression rate. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, we could not identify the statistically significant difference of survivorship between patients with and without mutant p53 expression. These results suggest that immunohistochemical analysis of bladder cancer specimens could be a good method of screening for the presence of mutant p53 protein, and mutant p53 protein expression may be an indicator of bladder cancer with more proliferative and/or aggressive activity, but it may not be an clinically useful prognostic factor in patients with bladder TCC.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; DNA ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry* ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Mass Screening ; Mutant Proteins ; Nucleolus Organizer Region* ; Ploidies ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Survival Rate ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Prospective Studies* ; Prostate*

PURPOSE: Allium sativum (AS) has been known to have widespread benefits in reducing some human cancer risk by immune stimualtion and anticarcinogenic activity. In the present study, we evaluated the preventive and antitumor properties of AS as an effective anticancer modifier for human prostate cancer in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subcutaneous prostate cancers were established in athymic nude mice with 5x10(5) PC-3 human androgen-indenpendent prostate cancer cells. AS was injected at the site of tumor transplantation on day 1 and one week intervals up to 5 weeks (Experiment I), and into the established tumors sized by 50-60mm(3) weekly for 5 weeks (Experiment II). Therapeutic responses and efficacies of AS for prostate cancers in vivo were determined in separate controlled experiments, and definite histopathological studies were also performed. RESULTS: In vivo studies indicated statistically significant reduction in the incidence of tumor formation with programmed and continuous AS intralesional treatment. For established prostate cancer, AS treatment also demonstrated an inhibitory effect of tumor growth compared with control. Histomorphological and immunohistochemical studies demonstrated marked apoptosis after 5 weeks-AS continuous treatment in Experiment II. CONCLUSIONS: AS had a definite antitumor activity to inhibit tumorigenesis and may modulate tumor growth of prostate cancer in vivo. It is non-toxic, readily avaliable and inexpensive. AS, in the future, may be developed as a novel and effective treatment in chemoprevention for human prostate cancer.
Allium* ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Carcinogenesis ; Chemoprevention ; Garlic ; Growth and Development* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms*

Slipped femoral capital epiphysis is a disease in which the femoral capital epiphysis is displaced downward and backward and occurs during the adolescent rapid growth period when the epiphyseal growth plate is weakened. This relatively rare disease was first reported by Ambrose Pare in 1572. Numerous cases have since been reported in the literature throughout the world. In Korea, although, rare a few cases have also been reported. The authors report here a case of bilateral slipped femoral capital epiphysis in a 14 year old boy with pain when walking. He manifested the Frolich body type with underdeveloped genitalia. Both hips showed a positive Patricks test with limited range of motion, especially in abduction and internal rotation. Three Hage pins were inserted on each side.
Adolescent ; Epiphyses ; Genitalia ; Growth Plate ; Hip ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rare Diseases ; Somatotypes ; Walking

BACKGROUND: The growth of elderly population increased the need for oral health care. Elderly patients with poor teeth alignment needs more attention with orthodontic treatment METHODS: Elderly patients visiting department of orthodontics, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital between 2000-2004 were treated with fixed appliances in one or both dental arches. Treatment plans were different from than that of younger patients and included uncommon and strategic removals of teeth and prosthesis. RESULTS: There was decrease in orthodontic treatment forces with increasing age, and the observation made from this study was favorable in the patients' as well as in the orthodontist's, point of view. It was possible to move the remaining teeth considerably, and the retention was made with various fixed appliances. CONCLUSIONS: Orthodontic treatment is not limited by patient age. However, it is wise not to extend treatment goals too far beyond the patients' objective needs
Aged* ; Dental Arch ; Heart ; Humans ; Oral Health ; Orthodontics ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tooth

C-erbB-2 oncoprotein has been known to act as growth factor receptor responsible for the regulation of cellular growth, proliferation and differentiation and has been demonstrated in a number of cancers by immunohistochemical as well as matrix blotting techniques. Breast and ovarian cancer patients, whose tumor cells have amplification or overexpression of this oncoprotein, have been suggested to have worse prognosis. Yet, there are only a few studies on c-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression in transitional cell carcinoma(TCC) of the bladder. The aim of this study was to examine c-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression in bladder cancer to assess its potential as a useful prognostic marker in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Deparaffinized tumor specimens from 42 patients with TCC of the bladder and 3 normal bladder tissue specimens were utilized. C-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression was detected by immunohistochemical analysis and then correlated with conventional prognostic variables such as histologic tumor grade, stage and DNA ploidy. In addition, we related the expression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein to indicators of cellular proliferative activities such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), mean number of silver nucleolar organizer regions(AgNORs) per nucleus, flow cytometric S-phase fraction(CPF) and proliferation index(PI). The incidence of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression in Ash grade IV TCC of bladder was higher than that in Ash grade II and III (Chi-square test, p<0.05). The incidence of positive immunoreaction was higher in cases with muscle invasion and metastasis than in superficial tumors with statistical significance(p<0.05). In addition, statistical significant correlation was noted between c-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression and PCNA expression rate. But there were no significant differences in c-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression to DNA ploidy, PI nor SPF by flow cytometry and mean number of AgNORs per nucleus. The results of this study suggests that the c-erbB-2 oncoprotein together with other predictive parameters may serve to provide a phenotypic profile which permits more accurate forecasting of bladder cancer behavior and may prove to be useful in the future as an important guide to specific anti-tumor therapy.
Breast ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; DNA* ; Flow Cytometry ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nucleolus Organizer Region* ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Ploidies* ; Prognosis ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen* ; Silver ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

Rupture of the corpus cavernosum, commonly referred to as penile fracture, is an unusual urologic emergency. Nine patients were treated surgically among ten patients with fracture of the penis between January 1987 and February 1991. Follow up was obtained in nine. During follow up they were achieving normal, painless erections or normal marital relations. One patient developed a slight penile curvature but this did not affect his sexual activity. In view of these good results, including a short hospital stay, low morbidity and early return to full sexual activity, early surgical treatment is strongly recommended in patients with fracture of the penis.
Emergencies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Penis* ; Rupture ; Sexual Behavior

Despite advance in detection and management of prostate cancer, this disease remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in men. Increasing attention has focused on the role of chemoprevention for prostate cancer, ie the administration of agents that inhibit one or more steps in the natural history of prostate carcinogenesis. Chemoprevention of prostate cancer is currently being tested in a wide range of clinical trials, and have focused on the role of dietary factors, vitamins and trace elements in prostate cancer. These studies have the potential to fundamentally alter the current approach to prostate cancer management. The current status of clinical trials investigating the use of interventions designed to reduce the risk of prostate cancer is reviewed.
Carcinogenesis ; Chemoprevention* ; Humans ; Male ; Mortality ; Natural History ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Trace Elements ; Vitamins

BACKGROUND: Brief episode of coronary artery occlusion (i.e., ischemic preconditioning) makes the heart more resistant to injury from a subsequent ischemic insult. Although a great deal of effort has been made in studying ischemic preconditioning, the underlying mechanism of ischemic preconditioning and its effect on hypothermic insult has not been elucidated. This study was performed to see whether ischemic preconditioning protects against the depression of cardiac contractility induced by hypothermic cardioplegic arrest/reperfusion. And recently, adenosine was known to have some correlation with the mechanism of preconditioning. If so, does this effect remain after the blockade of adenosine receptor by 8-phenyl theophylline? METHOD: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rat weighed 250-350g were used and divided into three groups. Rat hearts were removed rapidly, and each isolated heart paced with a rate of 180/min was perused by modified Krebs-Hensleit buffer(KHB) solution on a Langendorff apparatus far an hour. After obtaining baseline data including left ventricular pressure(LVP), dp/dt, and coronary flow, cardiac arrest was induced by perfusion of 0degrees C crystalloid cardioplegic(St Thomas) solution. After that, all hearts were stored in the same St Thomas solution at salute temperature far 2 hours. In group I (control group), the hear was reperfused by KHB solution. In group II(preconditioning group), the heart was subjected to two 2-minute episode of global ischemia followed by 5 minute reperfusion with KHB solution(preconditioning) before cardiac arrest. In group III(phenyl theophylline group), the heart was subjected to preconditioning procedure and 8-phenyl theophylline at 10muM in concentration was added to KHB solution at time of reperfusion. Observing parameter was obtained in each group at 10, 20, 40 and 60 minutes after starting reperfusion and compared statistically by use of one way ANOVA test(STASTICA, release 4.5). P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Although depressed LVP, dp/dt, and Coronary flow were seen in all groups during the reperfusion period, the preconditioned group showed more effective recovery of LVP than that of the control group, especially at 10, 20 and 40 minutes(p<.05). We failed to demonstrate the difference between the phenyl theophylline group and the control group(p=NS). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that ischemic preconditioning has protective effect on recovery state of hypothermic cardioplegic arrest/reperfusion. Its protective effect was limited during early reperfusion stage and was blocked by adenosine blocker.
Adenosine ; Animals ; Coronary Vessels ; Depression ; Heart Arrest ; Heart* ; Ischemia ; Ischemic Preconditioning* ; Myocardium* ; Perfusion ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Purinergic P1 ; Reperfusion ; Theophylline

Pertutaueous transluminal angioplasty is the treatment of choice for renovascular hypertension in cases due to the renal vascular occlusion which is not severe enough to pass dilatation catheter. The advantages of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty are the use of local anesthesia, its noninvasiveness without surgical risk, feasibility of repetition and shorter hospital days compared with surgical methods. We are presenting a case of renovascular hypertension due to atherosclerosis cured by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with the review of literatures.
Anesthesia, Local ; Angioplasty* ; Atherosclerosis ; Catheters ; Dilatation ; Hypertension, Renovascular*