Objective To study the influence of ultralow‐frequency transcranial magnetic stimulus(TMS) on the cognitive a‐bility of rats with cerebral ischemia and its mechanism .Methods 60 healthy rats were divided into 4 groups(15 cases each):A (sham‐operation) ,B(model) ,C(TMS) and D(TMS+ H89) .The escape latency time ,times of passing through platform ,expression level of VEGF ,BDNF and nestin protein were compared among 4 groups .Results In the group A ,the escape latency time was (16 .31 ± 2 .33)s ,times passing through platform were (8 .02 ± 1 .76) times ;in group B ,which were (57 .14 ± 2 .89)s and (3 .15 ± 0 .88) times;in group C ,which were (29 .18 ± 1 .95)s and (5 .44 ± 0 .75) times ;in group D ,which were (45 .87 ± 2 .06)s and (4 .16 ± 1 .02) times .Compared with the group A ,the escape latency time in the group B ,C and D was significantly extended ,more‐over that in the group B was longer than that in the group D and C ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05);the times of passing through platform decreased ,which in the group B was less than that in the group D and C ,the differences had sta‐tistical significance(P<0 .05) .The expression levels of VEGF ,BDNF and nestin had statistical differences among various groups (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Low‐frequency TMS can significantly improve the cognitive ability of rats with cerebral ischemia ,its effect is related to the expression of cAMP‐response element binding protein and its following genes(VEGF and BDNF) .

Objective To study the effects of low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on rats with seizures induced by lithium-pilocarpine. Methods Rats were randomly divided into five groups and pre-treated with TMS at 75% of the stimulator's maximum output, but at 0 Hz (the sham group), 0.3 Hz, 0.5 Hz, 0.8 Hz and 1.0 Hz, respectively. After stimulation every day for 2 weeks, a model of acute epilepsy was induced u-sing iithium-pilocarpine. Subsequent behavior and the latencies of seizures were observed, and the severity of the sei- zures was quantitatively evaluated for 90 rain. Results The seizure latencies were significantly prolonged in all the other groups relative to the sham group (P<0.05). The prolongation in the 0.5 Hz and 0.8 Hz groups was signifi-cantly greater than in the 0.3 Hz and 1.0 Hz groups. The severity of seizures in the 0.3 Hz and 1.0 Hz groups was not significantly different from that in the sham group, but most of the rats in the 0.5 Hz group and the 0.8 Hz group experienced much lighter seizures, with seizure severity scores significantly lower than those in the other 3 groups. Conclusions Pretreatment with TMS at 0.3 to 1.0 Hz led to a longer latency of seizure onset. 0.5 Hz and 0.8 Hz gave the longest latencies and showed conspicuous antiepileptie effects.

Objective To investigate whether repeated low-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can affect the expression of Kca1.1,Nav1.6,NMDAR1 and/or GAD65 protein in the pyramid layer of the CA3 region of the hippocampus.Methods Fifty rats were randomly divided into an experimental group and a sham group.The former was administered low-frequency rTMS on 14 consecutive days ; the latter were given sham stimulation for 14 days.After the protocols were completed,each group was sub-divided into 6 h,24 h,1 week,3 week and 6 week sub-groups.The rats of each sub-group were sacrificed at the corresponding time points and the expression of KCa1.1,Nav1.6,NMDAR1 and GAD65 in the CA3 region of the hippocampus was examined using immunohistochemical techniques.Results Compared with the sham group,KCa1.1-positive neuron densities increased significantly in the period 6 h to 3 weeks after rTMS.GAD65-positive neuron densities were also elevated significantly from 6 h to 3 weeks.NaV1.6-and NMDAR1-positive neuron densities decreased transiently at 6 h after the completion of the rTMS protocol.Conclusions These results show that low-frequency rTMS can upregulate the expression of KCa1.1 and GAD65,and that the effect lasts for at least 3 weeks.It transiently downregulates the expression of NaV 1.6 and NMDAR1 in the hippocampal CA3 region,at least in rats.These changes may be one of its anti-epileptic mechanisms.

Objective To find out the detection level of the blood routine test in clinical laboratories of basic medical institutions in Hefei ,and to analyze the results of inter‐laboratory comparison among township health centers and community health service cen‐ters in Hefei and explore the main factors .Methods Forty‐three township health centers and community health service centers were randomly selected to conduct field investigations and take blood routine test inter‐laboratory comparison .Results Both 41 .9% of the passing rate and the average score 72 .37 points in Inter‐laboratory comparisons were significantly lower than the An‐hui province clinical inspection center(94 .1% and 95 .97 points) ,the differences were statistically significant(P<0 .05);Comparing to the results of the Anhui province clinical inspection center ,there was statistically significant difference on parameter(WBC ,RBC , Hb ,HCT ,PLT) average pass rate of blood routine test(P<0 .05);the personnel primary education was low ,18 .80% of the staff in clinical laboratories were not professionals ;most of blood analyzers were domestic and 53 .49% of all instruments had been used for more than 5 years;the overall laboratory quality management level was low .Conclusion The blood routine test detection level in clinical laboratories of basic medical institutions in Hefei was far below than that of secondary and tertiary medical institutions .The daily laboratory internal quality control should be strengthened and the quality management system should be improved gradually .

Objective To analyze the combination of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and metabolic abnormalities and its outcome in geriatric population. Methods 75goral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), blood lipid profile, blood uric acid and urinary albumin excretion rate were determined in 1059 geriatric cases with IGT and followed up every 2 years. Results Among 1059 cases with IGT followed up for 8 years, 222 cases deterioratedintodiabetesmellitus(DM)(21.0%),47casesreversedto normal glucose tolerance (NGT, 4.4%),and 790 cases remained IGT (74.6%). From NGT to IGT to DM,body mass index, systolic blood pressure, plasma glucose after loading (including postprandial 2 h glucose, 1 h and 2 h plasma glucose of OGTT) were gradually increased in baseline (P

Objective To investigate the relationship between the UAE and the change of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) patients. Methods ABPM, heart autonomic nerve function and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) examination were performed in 44 IGT patients. Results Many indexes of ABPM were significantly higher in the IGT with elevated UAE than that in IGT with normal UAE. In high UAE group, the reduction of nocturnal blood pressure was decreased and the profile of 24h blood pressure was smoother compared with normal UAE group. A significant positive correlation was found between the UAE and nighttime DBP, blood pressure load of SBP and DBP, 24hDBP and 24hSBP. There was a negative correlation between the UAE and the decreased rate in nighttime blood pressure (,SBP, -,DBP and ,-MBP). Conclusion IGT patients with elevated UAE have had early changes of blood pressure in ABPM.

Objectives To improve the diagnostic and therapeutic ability of ectopic ACTH syndrome by analysing its clinical features.Methods Sixteen cases of ectopic ACTH syndrome diagnosed in Chinese PLA General Hospital from 2000 to 2009 were analyzed retrospectively.Results ( 1 ) The main causes of ectopic ACTH syndrome were lung tumor and thymic carcinoid;(2) Abnormal glucose metabolism, hypertension, hypokalemia and edema of both lower limbs were the most common clinical symptoms;(3) Laboratory examination showed a significant increase of serum cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) and 24 h urinary free cortisol (24hUFC) together with severe hypokalemia and alkalosis;(4) High dose dexamethasone suppressing test, corticotrophin-releasing hormone(CRH) stimulating test and petrosal sinus sampling were the most meaningful diagnostic methods;(5) Most of the primary lesions might be detected with chest film and CT;(6) Resection of the primary lesion was the treatment of first choice.Conclusion The diagnosis of ectopic ACTH syndrome is very hard.Resection of the primary lesion is the best treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of leukemia-related protein-16 (LRP16) gene on cell glucose uptake and its molecular mechanism.Methods LRP16 over-expression cell lines were made via translating LRP16 gene expression vector pcDNA3.1-16 and control plasmid pcDNA3.1 into 3T3-L1,C2C12,and HepG2 cell.The effect of LRP16 gene on cell glucose uptake was detected using 2-deoxy-[~3 H]-D-glucose.Western blot was used to detect the effect of LRP16 gene on the expression levels of PPARγ,GLUT-4,and GLUT 2 protein.Results Cell lines with over-expression of LRP16 gene were successfully established,the expression level of LRP16 was two fold higher than control cells.The insulin-stimulated glucose uptakes in control 3T3-L1,C2C12,and HepG2 cells were higher than cells with over-expression of LRP16 gene(P＜0.01).The expression levels of PPARγ and GLUT-4 or GLUT-2 protein in control cells were higher than cells with over-expression of LRP16 gene (P＜0.05).Conclusion LRP16 inhibits cell glucose uptake via decreasing the expression of PPARγ protein.

Objective:To construct a replication-deficient adenovirus carrying p16 gene and to investigate its anti-tumor activity on human gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice.Methods:p16 cDNA was amplified by PCR and was inserted into the plasmid pSuCMV,the latter was then used to recombine the replication-deficient adenovirus AdCMV-p16 in 293 cells.Human SGC-7901 gastric cancer xenograft models were established in nude mice and were divided into 3 groups:AdCMV-p16,Ad-LacZ,and control groups.Mice in AdCMV-p16 group received intratumoral injections of 2?108 pfu/100 l AdCMV-p16(injected every other day for 5 times).Mice in control group received the same volume of virus preserving solution.The tumor volumes were measured at predefined time points.The anti-tumor effect of AdCMV-p16 was observed by p16 immunochemical study and TUNEL detection of cell apoptosis.Results:The replication-deficient adenovirus expressing p16 gene evidently inhibited the growth of human gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice(P0.05),only with a inhibition rate of 4.26%.The pathological examination showed that apoptoses were the main changes in AdCMV-p16 group,and p16 gene was found in the cancer cells.Conclusion:The replication-deficient adenovirus harboring p16 gene can recover the expression of p16 in gastric cancer cells and subsequently inhibit the growth of human gastric cancer.

Water deprivation and loading tests were performed in a patient with sustained hypernatremia and hypodypsia. Results suggested that the regulation of ADH release was still retained despite of the raised threshold, being consistant with the diagnosis of essential hypernatremia. The hypernatremia of this patient was partially improved by dihydrochlorothiazide and desmopression acetate (DDAVP).