Objective To investigate the role of andrographolide (AP) in protection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury in mice and the possible mechanisms. Methods The mice were randomly divided into five groups, including two groups with different doses of AP (50 mg/kg and100 mg/kg), a control group, a CCl4 model group, and a silymarin group. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartateminotransferase (AST), hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) were examined. Pathological changes in the liver were observed. RT-PCR was used to detect the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) mRNA. Results As compared with CCl4 model group, serum levels of ALT and AST and hepatic MDA activity were significantly decreased in AP group (100 mg·kg-1), along with a remarkable increase in hepatic GSH content. Pretreatment with AP at a high dose alleviated histopathological changes induced by CCl4. A markedly increased level of TNF-a induced by CCl4 was reduced by AP, while HO-1at transcriptional level was dramatically elevated following AP pretreatment. Conclusions AP plays a role in protection of CCl4-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and reducing formation of free radicals, the mechanism may be involved in inhibition of TNF-αand activation of HO-1.

Objective To evaluate the theoretical knowledge level of Chinese nursing students based on the problem-based learning(PBL)versus traditional teaching methods. Methods Databases including CNKI (1979-2013.03),VIP (1989-2013.03)and Wanfang (1982-2013.03)were searched (up to March,2013)for controlled studies comparing PBL and traditional teaching methods. The quality of included studies was critically evaluated and the data were analyzed by Stata 10.0 software. Results A total of 659 articles were retrieved but only 22 were included. Meta-analyses showed that there were significant differences between PBL and traditional teaching methods in improving theoreti-cal knowledge of nursing students(SMD merge=0.79,95%CI(0.55,1.03),P=0.000). Conclusions PBL can improve the theoretical scores of Chinese nursing students. However,the above conclusion needs to be confirmed by more large-scale randomized controlled trials of higher quality due to the limitation of studies include in this paper.

Objective To improve the living quality of the elderly patients in the hospital, we did a research about service requirements by providing related nursing service. Methods Having investigated the needs of 100 patients at the age from 65 to 92 from January to December in 2015. The patients were particularly nursed, and we compared their living quality and satisfaction after being nursed. Results The rank of the needs are:needs of nursing skills, needs of healthy education, needs of environment, needs of respect, needs of humanistic care and needs of privacy. By comparing the scores of living quality of admission and discharge, we found an obvious difference (P<0. 05). Conclusions The living quality of the elderly patients is low because of poor physical condition and age. Therefore, we took good care of elderly patients by knowing their particular needs and specifically nursed. By doing so, they would be more satisfied with their living quality and the hospital service.

【Objective】 To investigate the correlation between preoperative thromboelastography (TEG) parameters and routine coagulation tests of malignant tumor patients. 【Methods】 A total of 79 patients with malignant tumors, receiving preoperative TEG tests and routine coagulation tests between January 2019 and June 2020, were included. The correlation and regression between coagulation indexes and TEG parameters were analyzed. 【Results】 In patients with malignant tumors, the coagulation time(K) was negatively correlated with Plt and fibrinogen (FIB), while Angle, Ma, and G were respectively positively correlated with Plt and FIB. 【Conclusion】 There is a correlation between preoperative TEG parameters and routine coagulation tests in patients with malignant tumors. There is complementarity but not reciprocal substitutability between these two tests.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.