Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture plus speech training for speech disorders in children with cerebral palsy based on the sign-significant relations (S-S) method for checking language development delay and dysarthria score. Method Ninety patients with spastic cerebral palsy presenting with speech disorders were randomized into a treatment group and a control group by random number table, 45 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture plus speech training, while the control group was by speech training alone. The improvement of speech function and the relationship between age and therapeutic efficacy were evaluated after 3 treatment courses. Result The total effective rate was 82.2% in the treatment group versus 60.0%in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);in the treatment group, there were significant differences in comparing the therapeutic efficacy between different age groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared to speech training alone, acupuncture plus speech training can produce a better efficacy in treating speech disorders in cerebral palsy;the younger the patient, the better the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of MDA, NO, SOD and pathologic changes of the lung and kidneyduring repefusion after haemorrhagic shock in rabbits, and to study the protective effects of edaravone during thecourse.Method Totally 29 beparinized (3 mg/kg) rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:tho sham-operatedcontrol group (group C, n = 7), the haemorrhagic shock group (group I/R, n = 10), and the haemorrhagicshock group with edaravone infusion (group I/R-edaravone, n = 12). Rabbits in the latter two groups were bledfrom left arteria cmralis in 10 minutes with MAP maintained at 40 mmHg for 60 minutes, and then group I/R-edar-avone was given edaravone intravenously. After that, resuscitation began:all blood loss was replaced with normalsaline within 60 minutes with MAP at the end ≥ 70% MAP before haemorrhagic shock. Edaravone was reinjectedat 10 hours after shock.All rabbits were killed at 20 h after reperfusion.Plasma nitric oxide(NO), malonyldialde-hyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in every group were measured before shock,60 minutes after shockaad 1 h, 5 h and 20 h after reperfusien. Part of the right lung and the right kidney tissues were taken from everyrabbit for pathologic examnation after sacrifice.Results There was no significant difference in MDA,NO aad SOD among three groups before shock. A higherlevel of MDA (5.35±0.29 μmol/L), NO(27.75 ±2.88 μmol/L)and lower serum concentration of SOD(194.58±14.42U/ml)could be found in group I/R during haemorrhagic shock,as compared to group C(4.44±0.59 μmol/L,25.01±4.95μmol/L,210.86±24.54U/ml,respectively,P<0.01).At 20 hours after resuscitation,MDA and NO contents continued to increase(5.69±0.24 μmol/L and 28.01±3.10 μmol/L respectively,P<0.05)while SOD contents kept decreasing(151.83±9.36 U/ml,P<0.05)in group I/R.Comparing to group I/R,group I/R-edaravone had significant lower level of MDA(3.48±0.23 μmol/L,P<0.01)and higher concentration of SOD(195.10±11.87U/ml,P<0.01).Edaravone attenuated the pathologic changes in the lung and kidney.Conclusions Edaravone could effectively protect vital organs from reperfusion injury caused by free radicals following haemorrhagic shock by reducing plasma levels of MDA,NO and increasing levels of SOD.

Background::Non-smokers account for a large proportion of lung cancer patients, especially in Asia, but the attention paid to them is limited compared with smokers. In non-smokers, males display a risk for lung cancer incidence distinct from the females—even after excluding the influence of smoking; but the knowledge regarding the factors causing the difference is sparse. Based on a large multicenter prospective cancer screening cohort in China, we aimed to elucidate the interpretable sex differences caused by known factors and provide clues for primary and secondary prevention.Methods::Risk factors including demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, family history of cancer, and baseline comorbidity were obtained from 796,283 Chinese non-smoking participants by the baseline risk assessment completed in 2013 to 2018. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the sex difference in the risk of lung cancer, and the hazard ratios (HRs) that were adjusted for different known factors were calculated and compared to determine the proportion of excess risk and to explain the existing risk factors.Results::With a median follow-up of 4.80 years, 3351 subjects who were diagnosed with lung cancer were selected in the analysis. The lung cancer risk of males was significantly higher than that of females; the HRs in all male non-smokers were 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20-1.38) after adjusting for the age and 1.38 (95% CI: 1.28-1.50) after adjusting for all factors, which suggested that known factors could not explain the sex difference in the risk of lung cancer in non-smokers. Known factors were 7% (|1.29-1.38|/1.29) more harmful in women than in men. For adenocarcinoma, women showed excess risk higher than men, contrary to squamous cell carcinoma; after adjusting for all factors, 47% ([1.30-1.16]/[1.30-1]) and 4% ([7.02-6.75]/[7.02-1])) of the excess risk was explainable in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The main causes of gender differences in lung cancer risk were lifestyle factors, baseline comorbidity, and family history.Conclusions::Significant gender differences in the risk of lung cancer were discovered in China non-smokers. Existing risk factors did not explain the excess lung cancer risk of all non-smoking men, and the internal causes for the excess risk still need to be explored; most known risk factors were more harmful to non-smoking women; further exploring the causes of the sex difference would help to improve the prevention and screening programs and protect the non-smoking males from lung cancers.