Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of color doppler transvaginal scan for patients with ectopic pregnancy. Methods Transvaginal scan and transabdominal scan were used to inspect 109 cases that were clinically doubted as early ectopic pregnancy. 126 cases only received transabdominal scan were as control group. Results Through transvaginal scan,35 cases were found as early unruptured ectopic pregnancy after they stop men-stru-ation about 35 to 42 days. The inspected time of the other 74 cases and control cases was post-poned obviously. All cases were compared with laparoscopy or skive belly operation and got the consilient rate of 97%. And the inspected time was earlier for 11. 3 days than the contrel group. This was a notable discrepancy (P < 0.01). Conclusion Transvaginal scan could improve the inspected rate for the early ectopic pregnancy greatly. It had more value than other methods,so it was worth being utilized widely.

0.05) . Tube re-adhesion rate was 10.7% and 17.9% (P

Objective To study the expression of interleukin-18(IL-18)during the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in rat kidney after unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO)and the effect of Shenfu injection.Methods The obstructive nephropathy model was established by unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO).Fifty。Six rats were randomly assigned into shame operation group,operation group(UUOgroup)and treatment group(UUO+Shenfu).After 7 and 14 days,the renal function and histopathological changes were evaluated.Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the expression of IL-18 in renal tissue.Results In comparison with the shame opeartion group,the operation group showed obvious renal interstitial fibrosis.And the expression of IL-18 increased signifieantly(P<0.05).Compared with the operation group,the degree of interstitial fibrosis was obviously ameliorated in the treatment group,and the expression of IL-18 decreased significandy after treatment for 7 days(P<0.05),and decreased more after treatment for 14 days(P<0.05).Conclusions Shenfu injection may protect renal function by decreasing the expression of IL-18 in the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM ) based vancomycin dose adjustment in patients with gram‐positive infections .Methods A cohort study was designed with 128 inpatients undergoing TDM in Huashan Hospital from January 2005 to September 2014 .The clinical data of these patients were used to analyze the efficacy and safety of vancomycin therapy by Cox model and survival analysis .Results The patients undergoing TDM‐based dose adjustment had a higher daily dose and blood trough concentration ,which may lead to better bacteriological efficacy and overall efficacy .Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that TDM‐based dose adjustment is a protective factor .No safety‐related risk factor was found .Conclusions TDM‐based vancomycin dose adjustment is important for patients to achieve better outcomes in fighting gram‐positive infections .

OBJECTIVETo investigate an effective method to produce large numbers of pure corporal smooth muscle cells in vitro according to the requirement of study.

METHODSIn this study, we used the primary tissue culture technique to isolate and culture the corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSM) from human males with normal erectile function and New Zealand white rabbits. The cells were identified in regard to morphological and growing characteristics via immunohistochemical methods (including alpha-smooth muscle actin, desmin, myocin and factor VIII related antigen), special dye techniques (including Masson and Van Gieson) and transmission electron microscope.

RESULTSCCSM were isolated and cultured successfully with high purity. Morphologically, the cells were spindle shaped and grow on top of each other, resembling a "hill and valley" in appearance. When characterized in immunohistochemistry, the cells were stained with alpha-smooth muscle actin, desmin and myocin, but not with anti-factor VIII, an endothelial marker.

CONCLUSIONThe CCSM, which can be isolated and cultured successfully, may be used for further studying their biological function. The CCSM cultured in vitro was proved to be useful to evaluate and investigate the effect of some new medicine for penile erection. There is also a clinical and theoretical significance in further studying the experimental mechanisms of erectile dysfunction.

Animals ; Cell Division ; Cells, Cultured ; Erectile Dysfunction ; etiology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; chemistry ; cytology ; ultrastructure ; Penis ; cytology ; Rabbits

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of levofloxacin 750 mg for 5 days versus 500 mg for 7‐14 days intravenous (IV ) infusion in the treatment of community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP ) . Methods This study was a multi‐center , randomized , open‐label , non‐inferiority , controlled clinical trial .The CAP patients were randomized to receive levofloxacin 750 mg IV daily for 5 days or levofloxacin 500 mg IV daily for 7‐14 days .The clinical symptoms , laboratory tests , imaging results and microbiology data were collected and compared between the two treatment groups in terms of efficacy and safety .Results A total of 241 patients were enrolled in this clinical trial from 10 study centers .Among these patients ,223 were eligible for full analysis set (FAS) analysis ,including 111 in 750 mg group and 112 in 500 mg group .Of the 223 patients in FAS ,211 were eligible for per‐protocol set (PPS) analysis ,including 107 in 750 mg group and 104 in 500 mg group .Two hundred and forty‐one patients were included in safety set (SS) ,including 121 patients in 750 mg group and 120 in 500 mg group .The median treatment duration was 5 .0 days in 750 mg and 9 .0 days in 500 mg group .The median total dose was 3 750 mg in 750 mg group and 4 500 mg in 500 mg group .The overall efficacy rate was 86 .2% in 750 mg group and 84 .7% in 500 mg group in terms of FAS at visit 4 ,which suggested that the efficacy of 750 mg group was non‐inferior to 500 mg group .Of the 111 FAS patients in 750 mg group ,40 were bacteriological evaluable ,and 41 strains of pathogens were isolated .Forty‐nine of the 112 FAS patients in 500 mg group were bacteriological evaluable ,and 51 bacterial strains were obtained .The bacterial eradication rate was 100% in both groups .The clinical treatment efficacy rate for atypical pathogens was 100% in both groups .In 750 mg group ,the most common clinical adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were injection site adverse reactions including injection site pruritus ,pain and hyperemia .The other common ADRs were insomnia ,nausea ,skin rash .The most common drug‐related laboratory abnormalities were neutrophil percentage decreased , decreased white blood cell (WBC ) count , alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) elevation .Most of the ADRs were mild in severity and well‐tolerated .The safety profile of the two treatments was comparable in terms of the drug‐related treatment discontinuation and the incidence of ADRs .Conclusions The short‐course regimen of levofloxacin 750 mg IV for 5 days is at least as effective and well tolerated as the long‐course regimen of 500 mg IV for 7‐14 days in treatment of CAP .

Objective:To investigate the effect of laboratory indicators on hair loss in patients with female pattern hair loss (FPHL).Methods:Patients with FPHL who visited the Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Medical Aesthetics in Hangzhou First People’s Hospital from November 2022 to November 2023 were selected as the study group, and healthy women who matched the age of the study group in the physical examination center during the same period were selected as the control group. The general information of the patient was recorded, and was also tested by trichoscopy to rule out other patterns of alopecia. Representative indicators including testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEA-S), thyroid-stimulating hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and serum ferritin were selected from laboratory tests for further analysis. Otherwise, the proportion of deficiency in vitamin D(<20 ng/ml) was calculated based on 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (number of deficiency cases/total number of cases in each group×100%). Count data were presented as samples (percentages), and chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Normally distributed continuous data were presented with Mean±SD, independent samples t-test was used for comparison between groups, M( Q1, Q3) was used for non-normally distributed continuous data, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison between groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of FPHL. P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results:A total of 37 patients were selected in both groups. The mean age was (28.8±1.3) years in the study group and (29.6±0.9) years in the control group ( t=0.49, P=0.625). The body mass index was (22.8±0.4) kg/m 2 in the study group, and (23.5±0.3) kg/m 2 in the control group ( t=1.26, P=0.211). The testosterone level was 0.58 (0.49, 0.79) nmol/L in the study group, and 0.54 (0.50, 0.78) nmol/L in the control group( Z=1.42, P=0.157). The level of DHEA-S was 6.21 (5.18, 9.60) μmol/L in the study group, and 6.20 (5.20, 9.34) μmol/L in the control group ( Z=2.75, P=0.006). The level of thyroid-stimulating hormone was 2.56 (1.55, 3.66) mU/L in the study group and 1.49 (1.05, 2.65) mU/L in the control group ( Z=2.51, P=0.012). The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 15.44 (11.80, 21.20) ng/ml in the study group, and the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 20.32 (12.07, 21.20) ng/ml in the control group ( Z=2.30, P=0.021), and the proportion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the study group was 64.9% (24/37), which was higher than that in the control group [40.5% (15/37)] ( χ2=4.39, P=0.036). The serum ferritin level was 64.44 (39.47, 133.45) μg/L in the study group and 67.75 (52.63, 143.83) μg/L in the control group ( Z=0.70, P=0.484). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of FPHL was increased by the high level of DHEA-S and thyroid-stimulating hormone, and the low level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Abnormal level of DHEA-S, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D may be risk factors for FPHL.

Objective:To investigate the effect of laboratory indicators on hair loss in patients with female pattern hair loss (FPHL).Methods:Patients with FPHL who visited the Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Medical Aesthetics in Hangzhou First People’s Hospital from November 2022 to November 2023 were selected as the study group, and healthy women who matched the age of the study group in the physical examination center during the same period were selected as the control group. The general information of the patient was recorded, and was also tested by trichoscopy to rule out other patterns of alopecia. Representative indicators including testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEA-S), thyroid-stimulating hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and serum ferritin were selected from laboratory tests for further analysis. Otherwise, the proportion of deficiency in vitamin D(<20 ng/ml) was calculated based on 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (number of deficiency cases/total number of cases in each group×100%). Count data were presented as samples (percentages), and chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Normally distributed continuous data were presented with Mean±SD, independent samples t-test was used for comparison between groups, M( Q1, Q3) was used for non-normally distributed continuous data, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for comparison between groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of FPHL. P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results:A total of 37 patients were selected in both groups. The mean age was (28.8±1.3) years in the study group and (29.6±0.9) years in the control group ( t=0.49, P=0.625). The body mass index was (22.8±0.4) kg/m 2 in the study group, and (23.5±0.3) kg/m 2 in the control group ( t=1.26, P=0.211). The testosterone level was 0.58 (0.49, 0.79) nmol/L in the study group, and 0.54 (0.50, 0.78) nmol/L in the control group( Z=1.42, P=0.157). The level of DHEA-S was 6.21 (5.18, 9.60) μmol/L in the study group, and 6.20 (5.20, 9.34) μmol/L in the control group ( Z=2.75, P=0.006). The level of thyroid-stimulating hormone was 2.56 (1.55, 3.66) mU/L in the study group and 1.49 (1.05, 2.65) mU/L in the control group ( Z=2.51, P=0.012). The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 15.44 (11.80, 21.20) ng/ml in the study group, and the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 20.32 (12.07, 21.20) ng/ml in the control group ( Z=2.30, P=0.021), and the proportion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency in the study group was 64.9% (24/37), which was higher than that in the control group [40.5% (15/37)] ( χ2=4.39, P=0.036). The serum ferritin level was 64.44 (39.47, 133.45) μg/L in the study group and 67.75 (52.63, 143.83) μg/L in the control group ( Z=0.70, P=0.484). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of FPHL was increased by the high level of DHEA-S and thyroid-stimulating hormone, and the low level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Abnormal level of DHEA-S, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D may be risk factors for FPHL.

OBJECTIVETo assess the accuracy of immunological fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC).

METHODSA total of 1 197 studies published before June 2014 were selected from PubMed and Embase and 17 of which were finally included in this meta-analysis. A bivariate mixed-effects models was used for overall value merging and heterogeneity testing. In addition to the overall sensitivity and specificity, the analyses were also performed among certain subgroups, including a "colonoscopy group" (all were referred for colonoscopy diagnosis regardless screening results) and a "follow-up group" (only the screening positive were referred and all were then followed up), a qualitative group and a quantitative group (classified by the way of iFOBT result reading).

RESULTSA total of 161 502 subjects aged from 48 to 63 years were included in the analysis. IFOBT had an overall integrated sensitivity of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.79-0.89) (heterogeneity test: Q = 59.67, P < 0.001) and an overall integrated specificity of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.92-0.94) (heterogeneity test: Q = 1 722.53, P < 0.001) for detection of CRC. In the subgroup analysis, it was found that in the "colonoscopy group" and in the "follow-up group", the sensitivity were 0.81 (95%CI: 0.73-0.87) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.81-0.92), respectively; the specificity were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89-0.93) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.94-0.96), respectively. It was also found that in the qualitative group and the quantitative group, the sensitivity were 0.84 (95% CI: 0.76-0.90) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.78-0.92), respectively; the specificity were 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91-0.96) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91-0.94), respectively.

CONCLUSIONIFOBT had high overall sensitivity and specificity for detecting colorectal cancer.

Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Occult Blood ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To assess the accuracy of immunological fecal occult blood test (iFOBT) for detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods A total of 1 197 studies published before June 2014 were selected from PubMed and Embase and 17 of which were finally included in this meta-analysis. A bivariate mixed-effects models was used for overall value merging and heterogeneity testing. In addition to the overall sensitivity and specificity, the analyses were also performed among certain subgroups, including a“colonoscopy group”(all were referred for colonoscopy diagnosis regardless screening results) and a"follow-up group" (only the screening positive were referred and all were then followed up), a qualitative group and a quantitative group (classified by the way of iFOBT result reading). Results A total of 161 502 subjects aged from 48 to 63 years were included in the analysis. IFOBT had an overall integrated sensitivity of 0.85 (95%CI:0.79-0.89)(heterogeneity test:Q=59.67,P<0.001)and an overall integrated specificity of 0.93 (95%CI:0.92-0.94)(heterogeneity test:Q=1 722.53,P<0.001)for detection of CRC. In the subgroup analysis, it was found that in the"colonoscopy group"and in the"follow-up group", the sensitivity were 0.81 (95%CI: 0.73-0.87) and 0.88 (95%CI: 0.81-0.92), respectively; the specificity were 0.92 (95%CI: 0.89-0.93) and 0.95 (95%CI: 0.94-0.96), respectively. It was also found that in the qualitative group and the quantitative group, the sensitivity were 0.84 (95%CI:0.76-0.90) and 0.86 (95%CI:0.78-0.92), respectively;the specificity were 0.94 (95%CI: 0.91-0.96) and 0.93 (95%CI: 0.91-0.94), respectively. Conclusion IFOBT had high overall sensitivity and specificity for detecting colorectal cancer.