Objective To study the application of the two-paths double U-shaped fixer in clinical intravenous indwelling needle fixation. Methods A total of 420 cases using of intravenous indwelling needle from January to June 2015 were involved and divided into experimental group(210 cases) and control group(210 cases) by random digits table method. The two-paths double U-shaped fixer was applied in experimental group and the control group were used tape by Y type to fix. The incidence of returning-blood, blocking, phlebitis, slippage and the comfort between two groups were observed and compared. Results The incidence of returning-blood, blocking, phlebitis, slippage in experimental group were 6.2%(13/210), 0.5%(1/210), 0 , which were lower than those in control group 48.6%(102/210), 5.7%(12/210), 1.4%(3/210) seperately, the differences were statistically significant (χ2=117.895, P<0.01). The incidence of phlebitis levelⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣin experimental group were 3.3%(7/210), 1.4%(3/210), 0.9%(2/210), 0, which were lower than those in control group 11.9%(25/210), 9.0%(19/210), 3.8%(8/210), 2.4%(5/210), the differences were statistically significant(Z=-5.960, P<0.01). The incidence of the comfort level 1, 2, 3 and 4 in experimental group were 92.4%(194/210), 6.2%(13/210), 1.4%(3/210), 0 individually, which were higher than those in control group 36.7%(77/210), 46.7%(98/210), 12.4%(26/210), 4.3%(9/210), the differences were statistical significant (Z=-16.228, P < 0.01). Conclusions Two-paths double U-shaped fixationis is better than Y-shaped tape fixation. To compare the venous indwelling needle fixation, two-paths double U-shaped fixer could fix more effectively and safety. At the same time, it also has advantages in convenient, observation and appearance. It could be widely used in clinical practice.

Immune response is one of the main reasons causing neurological deficits in the patients with cere -brovascular diseases , which activates microglia , induces inflammatory reaction and finally results in serious neuronal and endothelial injury .MicroRNAs take part in the regulation of immunoreaction , and simultaneously regulates many target genes and induces faster post-transcriptional regulation to its target genes compared with the traditional transcriptional regu -lation.For providing a basis for the clinical use of microRNAs and applying new therapy , this review mainly focuses on the function and mechanism of microRNAs in the regulation of the immunoreaction caused by cerebrovascular diseases .

Objective: To discuss the safety issues of moxibustion therapy in view of moxibustion materials. Methods: The analyses and assessment were performed based on the survey carried out on the use of moxa, modem and ancient records, modern studies, and clinical applications. Results:Moxa has been used as both a medicine and a food for a long history in China. Regarding moxibustion specifically, moxa has been proven to be the optimum choice for moxibustion therapy,through practices and experiments by doctors from different generations. No records have shown any side- or adverse-effects of moxa applied in moxibustion therapy. Conclusion: Moxa has been used in multiple ways for several thousands of years by Chinese people. As the main material for moxibustion therapy, its safety has been proven by documents and clinical practices.

Objective To study the effects of Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide (GP) on immune function in mice. Methods Polysacchayide was extracted from Glycyrrhiza uralensis by water-extraction-alcohol-precipitation method. Ovalbumin was injected to mice as antigens. The mice were randomly divided into four group:low (50 mg/kg), middle (100 mg/kg), high (200 mg/kg) dosage group of GP and normal control group, 12 mice in each group. Four groups were given GP and NS orally for seven days. After the secondary immunization, the level of antibody and the concentration of serum IFN-? were determined. Results The levels of antibodies and cytokines in middle and low dosage group of GP were all significantly higher than those of control group. Conclusion GP could enhance the immune function of mice.

Objective: This study was to observe the therapeutic effect of acupuncture in the treatment of diabetic gastroparesis.Methods: Ninety patients with diabetic gastroparesis were randomly allocated into 2 groups,a treatment group(45 subjects)to receive acupuncture treatment,and a control group(45 subjects)to take domperidone tablet.Results: Four treatment courses later,the total effective rate was 91.1% in the treatment group and 64.4% in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion: The diabetic gastroparesis responds well to acupuncture treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effect of acute hypoxia on the contractile function of isolated small pulmonary arteries in patients with moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Seven patients with lung cancer,of both sexes,scheduled for elective pulmonary lobectomy,with no pulmonary hypertension and with normal pulmonary function after examination,were included in the study.Six cases were diagnosed as having moderate COPD.Lung tissues 5 cm away from the tumor tissues were taken during operation and the small pulmonary arteries were isolated and divided into 2 groups:control group (n =7) and COPD group (n =6).The contractile amplitude of small pulmonary arteries was detected using vasomotor tone meter under the state of acute hypoxia.Results Contractile amplitude of small pulmonary arteries in response to hypoxic stimulus was significantly decreased in COPD group compared with control group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Acute hypoxia can further reduce the contractile function of isolated small pulmonary arteries in patients with moderate COPD.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of establishing aneurysm model at the carotid artery bifurcation in experimental dogs. Methods New aneurysm model at the common carotid artery (CCA) bifurcation was established in 18 experimental dogs, which were randomly and equally divided into study group (n =9) and control group (n=9). In the dogs of the study group, the bifurcation top was treated with elastase, while in the dogs of the control group the bifurcation top was treated with saline. Angiography was separately performed immediately after, and at 12 and 24 weeks after the operation to observe the changes of the aneurysm top. Pathological examination was separately carried out at 12 and 24 weeks after the operation. Results Angiography showed that nascent aneurysm formation (mean diameter of 3.2 ± 0.4 mm) was demonstrated at the arterial bifurcation top in 5 dogs of the study group; while no nascent aneurysm at the arterial bifurcation top was observed in the control group. During the follow-up period, no rupture of the nascent aneurysm occurred in the study group. Pathological examination revealed that discontinued internal elastic membrane, elastic fiber fracture, thinning muscle layer and reduction of smooth muscle cells were detected in the aneurysm at bifurcation top in the study group; when compared with those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.001). Conclusion The elastase-induced digestive degeneration of artery wall can cause new aneurysm formation in the newly-established aneurysm located at carotid artery bifurcation in experimental dogs.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of lateral lymphadenectomy for advanced lower rectal cancer. Methods A total of 96 consecutive patients who underwent total mesorectal excision and lateral lymphadenectomy for advanced lower rectal cancer were retrospectively evaluated by using therapeutic index. A product of the frequency of lymph node metastasis and the cancer-related 5-year survival rate. Results The incidences of lymph node metastasis in mesorectal area, superior rectal artery area, inferior mesenteric artery area and lateral area was 21%,13%.10%and 15%respectively.The 5-year survival rate of patients with metastasis to the mesorectal area, superior rectal artery area, inferior mesenteric artery area and lateral area was 35%,25%,20%and 36%respectively.The therapeutic indexes for total mesorectal excision and lateral lymphadenectomy were 7.4 and 5.4,which were much higher than that of lymphadenectomy of the superior rectal artery area(3.3)and inferior mesenteric artery area(2.0).Local recurrence occurred in 19%(18 out of 96 cases)patients with advanced lower rectal cancer. Local recurrence rate of patients with positive lateral lymph node metastasis was 64%(9 of 14 cases),whereas it was 11%(9 of 82 cases)in those without lateral lymph node metastasis. The difference between these two groups was statistically significant(x2=22.308,P=0.000).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed significant improvements in median survival(80.9±2.1)m,95%CI:76.7～85.1 m vs(38±6.7)m,(95%CI:24.8～51.2 m)for patients with negative lateral lymph node metastasis over patients with lateral lymph node metastasis(log-rank,P=0.000). Conclusion The current results indicate that lateral pelvic lymphadenectomy could significantly reduce loeal recurrence and effectively improve the survival of patients with advanced lower rectal cancer. Except for total mesorectal excision, lateral pelvic lymphadenectomy should be followed in the surgery of pailents with advanced low rectal cancer.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of sniffing position in alleviating glossoptosis during the emergence from anesthesia in children. Methods Two hundred pediatric patients who developed glos?soptosis during the emergence from anesthesia, aged 2-8 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠ or Ⅱ, were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n=50 each) using a random number table:head extension position group ( group A ) , head tilted position group ( group B ) , oropharyngeal airway group ( group C) and sniffing position group ( group D) . Alleviation of glossoptosis, and occurrence of la?ryngospasm, agitation, vomiting and oral hemorrhage were recorded. Alleviation rate was calculated. Re?sults Compared with group A, the alleviation rate was significantly increased in C and D groups, the alle?viation rate was decreased in group B, and the incidence of laryngospasm, agitation and oral hemorrhage was increased in group C ( P<0?05 ) . Conclusion Sniffing position can effectively alleviate glossoptosis during the emergence from anesthesia in children with good safety.

A simple and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC–FD) has been developed for simultaneous quantification of doxorubicin (DOX) and its dipeptide conjugate prodrug (PDOX) in mice plasma. The chromatographic separation was carried out on an Amethyst C18–H column with gradient mobile phase of 0.1%formic acid and 0.1%formic acid in acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The excitation and emission wavelengths were set at 490 and 550 nm, respectively. The method was comprehensively validated. The limits of detection were low up to 5.0 ng/mL for DOX and 25.0 ng/mL for PDOX. And the limits of quantification were low up to 12.5 ng/mL for DOX and 50 ng/mL for PDOX, which were lower than those for most of the current methods. The calibration curves showed good linearity (R2 4 0.999) over the concentration ranges. The extraction recoveries ranged from 84.0%to 88.2% for DOX and from 85.4% to 89.2% for PDOX. Satisfactory intra-day and inter-day precisions were achieved with RSDs less than 9.1%. The results show that the developed HPLC–FD method is accurate, reliable and will be helpful for preclinical pharmacokinetic study of DOX and PDOX.