BACKGROUND: Hemorrhage, hemostasis, and blood coagulation, as well as the application of hemostasis measures, in the liver transplantation have been poorly understood. There have been no protocols regarding routine hemostasis.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hemorrhagic features in each phase and to observe the application efficacy of recombinant activated factor Ⅶ (rFⅦ a) during the liver transplantation.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A retrospective case analysis, controlled observation experiment was performed at the Department of Common Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between April 2001 and July 2006.PARTICIPANTS: Fifteen patients who received liver transplantation between April 2001 and March 2003 served as retrospective study subjects. An additional 28 patients who underwent liver transplantation between March 2003 and July 2006 were randomly and evenly divided into two groups: rFⅦ a and control.METHODS: The hemorrhage rule of 15 patients who received liver transplantation in the protophase was retrospectively analyzed and the hemorrhagic feature in each time period was localized. A comparative observation was performed in the 28 patients in the anaphase. The rFⅦ a group received an intravenous injection of 70-80 μ g/kg rFⅦ a for 3-5 minutes. Simultaneously, the control group was given 50 m/physiological saline in parallel.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hemorrhage volume of 15 patients that received liver transplantation in each phase; prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and total hemorrhage volume prior to and 30 minutes after rFⅦa application in 14 patients who received liver transplantation.RESULTS: Extensive errhysis was a primary cause of hemorrhage in the liver transplantation. Hemorrhage pdmadly occurred in the phase of diseased liver resection (i.e., pre-anhepatic phase), rFⅦ a could well improve various coagulation functional indices, i.e., thromboelastography indices (reaction time, coagulation time, α angle, and maximum amplitude) and routine blood indices (prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time). Compared with the control group, hemorrhage volume was obviously decreased and transplantation time was significantly shorter in the rFⅦa group. In addition, no thrombotic complications were found in the rFⅦa group during the observation period.CONCLUSION: The pre-anhepatic phase is a primary hemorrhage phase during the liver transplantation, rFⅦ a can be successfully applied for liver transplantation.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of recombinant activated factor Ⅶ (γFⅦa)in the management or prevention of intraoporative bleeding in general surgery. Methods A retrospective analysis was made to investigate the effect of FⅦa in 56 surgical cases.There were 56 cases including 53 hepatobiliary cases,3 gastrointestinal surgical cflses.γFⅦa was used intraoperatively when bleeding was difficult to control in 12 patients,and in 30 liver transplant cases before a skin incision was made.γFⅦa was used in the other 14 cases postoperatively to control intraabdominal bleeding. Results Massive bleeding stopped in 11 out of 12 cases who used γFⅦa during the operation as a rescue regimen,though two of them eventually died intraoperatively for deteriorating hemedynamics,one died of intraoperative intractable bleeding in spite of the Use of γFⅦa.All the 30 liver transplant cases used γFⅦa in the prevention of intraoperative bleeding had a successful surgery.After γFⅦa was administered in 11 out of the 14 cases of postoperative bleeding,the drainage decreased by 50%.In 3 cases γFⅦa failed and hemodynamic and vital signs were still unstable.In brief,γFⅦa were safely used in bleeding control or prophylaxis.Its Successful rate reached 89% in 56 patients.No thrombus complication was found. Conclusion γFⅦ a controls perioperative hemorrhage complications.

Metabolomics is a new science and technology, which it refers to a holistic analytical approach to all the low molecular weight metabolites in an organism or a cell. In this paper, the definition and objective of metabolomics are provided, and the current application of metabolomic research in malignant tumors (diagnosis and therapy) are summarized.
Animals ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genomics ; methods ; trends ; Humans ; Metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proteomics ; methods ; trends ; Transcription, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo study the suppressive effect of LRRC4 gene on human glioma U251 cells and further investigate its biological functions.

METHODSH&E, DNA and AgNORs stainings were performed on LRRC4-transfected U251 cells, mock-transfected U251 cells and non-transfected U251 cells, respectively. Quantitative analysis including cell morphometry, DNA content, DNA ploidy, silver stained argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) were investigated by image analysis. Flow cytometry was employed to determine the difference of cell cycle distribution and MTT staining was used to elucidate the activity of the LRRC4-transfected U251 cells.

RESULTSThe morphological cell parameters such as area, perimeter and diameter, DNA content, chromosomal aneupoloidy, mean area of AgNORs particles and mean nucleus area of the LRRC4-transfected U251 cells were remarkably decreased compared to those of the mock-transfected and non-transfected U251 cells (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Meanwhile, significant accumulation of cells in G(0)/G(1) phase but decrease of cells in S and G(2)/M phase, was observed in transfected U251 cells compared to those of the mock-transfected and non-transfected U251 cells (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). MTT staining showed that proliferation activity of both the mock- and non-trasfected U251 cells was significantly higher than that of the U251 cells transfected with LRRC4 gene (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONLRRC4 gene might be involved in tumor suppression by restraining DNA synthesis and the nucleoli organizer regions-associated proteins, keeping the cell cycles in phase G(0)/G(1) and reducing proliferation activity of the glioma cells. Morphometry combined with other techniques such as flow cytometry and MTT staining can well elucidate the biological function of novel genes.

Brain Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; physiology ; Glioblastoma ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

The regulation of spermatogonial proliferation and apoptosis is of great significance for maintaining spermatogenesis. The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of the testis was performed to identify genes upregulated in spermatogonia. Using scRNA-seq analysis, we identified the spermatogonia upregulated gene origin recognition complex subunit 6 (Orc6), which is involved in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation; its protein expression in the human and mouse testis was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence. To explore the potential function of Orc6 in spermatogonia, the C18-4 cell line was transfected with control or Orc6 siRNA. Subsequently, 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays, flow cytometry, and western blot were used to evaluate its effects on proliferation and apoptosis. It was revealed that ORC6 could promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of C18-4 cells. Bulk RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis indicated that Orc6 was involved in the activation of wingless/integrated (Wnt)/ β-catenin signaling. Western blot revealed that the expression of β-catenin protein and its phosphorylation (Ser675) were significantly decreased when silencing the expression of ORC6. Our findings indicated that Orc6 was upregulated in spermatogonia, whereby it regulated proliferation and apoptosis by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.