Objective To investigate the difference between contrast sensitivity,noise and crowding phenomenon in normal and ametropic amblyopia children. Design Prospective case series. Participants 50 normal children and 50 ametropic amblyopia children. Method Using the noise visual acuity test chart,crowded visual acuity chart and contrast sensitivity visual chart of the visual perception system developed by the National Medical Care Apparatus Engineering Research Center,normal and ametropic amblyopia children were examined in Beijing Tongren Hospital. Main Outcome Measures The number and the constituent ratio of normal and abnormal children in contrast sensitivity,noise and crowding phenomenon. Results The abnormal results of contrast sensitivity in ametropic amblyopia children and normal children were 60 eyes (60%) and 15 eyes (15%) respectively; the abnormal result of noise visual acuity were 62 eyes (62%) and 30 eyes (30%) respectively; the crowded visual acuity were 56 eyes (56%) and 0 eye respectively (all P=0.000). In mild,moderate and severe ametropic amblyopia children,the abnormal results of contrast sensitivity were 32 eyes (51.61%),20 eyes (66.67%) and 8 eyes (100%) respectively (P=0.005),the abnormal results of crowding phenomenon were 30 eyes (48.39%),18 eyes (60%) and 8 eyes (100%) respectively (P=0.010),the abnormal results of noise were 39 eyes (69.90%),18 eyes (60.00%) and 5 eyes (62.5%) respectively (P=0.868). In mild,moderate and severe refractive error children,the abnormal results of contract sensitivity were 33 eyes (70.21%),9 eyes (34.12%) and 17 eyes (62.96%) respectively (P=0.011),the abnormal results of noise were 30 eyes (63.83%),15 eyes (57.69%) and 17 eyes (62.96%) respectively (P=0.868),the abnormal results of crowding phenomenon were 30 eyes (63.83%),11 eyes (42.31%) and 17 eyes (62.96%) respectively (P=0.172). Conclusion Contrast sensitivity,noise and crowding phenomenon in visual perception tests can be used to estimate the impairment of visual perception in amblyopia children.

Objective To investigate the properties of the abilities of spontaneous counterfactual thinking(SCFT) and induced counterfactual thinking(ICFT) produced by undergraduate students with depressive symptoms.Methods Undergraduates were induced to produce SCFT after recalling a negative event and ICFT after reading a story about a traffic event.Then the undergraduates were demanded to complete the counterfactual inference test(CIT).The amount and rationality of CFT and the scores of CIT were analyzed.Results Mild depressive students(MDS) generated a higher amount of SCFT than non-depressive students(NDS),midrange depressive students and severe depressive students(SVDS)(P0.05).The rationality of SCFT generated by four groups were significantly different(P

The fourth generation poly( amidoamine) dendrimers ( G4. 0 PAMAM) functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube ( G4 . 0-MWCNTs ) was prepared by amidation between carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) and G4. 0 PAMAM. Then a novel hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) sensor was fabricated by electrodepositing Pd nanoparticles (NPs) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with G4. 0-MWCNTs composites. The modified electrode was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy ( FESEM) , cyclic voltammetry ( CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ( EIS) . A large amounts of highly dispersion PdNPs could be well loaded on the surface of the G4. 0-MWCNTs, and the modified electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H2 O2 . Under the optimized conditions, the reduction peak currents of H2 O2 were linear to their concentrations in the range from 1. 0 × 10-9 mol/L to 1. 0×10-3 mol/L and the limit of detection of 2. 3×10-8 mol/L was obtained. The recovery of standard addition for human serum samples was 96 . 7%-103 . 1%.

Objective To explore the biomechanical characteristics of the pharynx in patients with aspiration after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods Clinical data on NPC patients with dysphagia admitted between July 2011 and June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Twenty-three patients were found who had received videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSSs) and whose pharyngeal pressure and upper esophageal sphincter (UES) relaxing were tested using high-resolution solid-state manometry (HRM).The cases were divided into an aspiration group and a non-aspiration group according to the VFSS results.Differences in biomechanical parameters between the 2 groups when taking food of different viscosity were compared.Results Patients with aspiration had significantly higher UES residual pressure when taking thick liquids (20.1± 14.3 mmHg) and paste (18.0± 14.3 mmHg) than patients not aspirating (9.3±9.2 mmHg and 7.2±8.9 mmHg for thick liquid and paste respectively).But no significant difference in average pharyngeal pressure between the two groups was observed.Conclusion Aspiration after radiotherapy may be correlated with increased UES residual pressure.

Compound Danshen Dripping Pills has curative effect of angina pectoris,coronary heart disease,and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,which is widely used in clinic.With the development of basic research and clinical pharmacology,it is particularly important to carry out more comprehensive and systematic quality control.At present,fingerprint technology is developing rapidly and has been recognized by many countries.In this article,we summarized the research situation of Compound Danshen Dropping Pills and its raw materials from two aspects of chromatography and spectroscopy (such as LC,CE,IR,NMR and so on).It will provide reference or the further establishment of a reasonable quality control method.

To explore the binocular disparity information for children with a normal vision based on computer-assisted evaluation system.We examined the random dot zero-order disparity,line zero-order disparity,2nd-order disparity and random dot motion parallax for 97 children with normal vision.And 94 children reached 100″ vision disparity both in random dot zero-order disparity and line zero-order disparity (pass rate of 96.9％) ; all 94 cases passed the 2nd-order disparity and random dot motion parallax.Thus children with a normal vision develop their stereopsis.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the detection of volatile constituents from the leaves and fruits of Piper ni-grum. METHODS:HS-SPME-GC-MS was used. The chromatographic conditions:column was HP-5 MS quartz elastic capillaries, carrier gas was high purity helium(99.999%),flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,the inlet temperature was 250 ℃,initial temperature of column was 50 ℃(temperature programmed),split injection with split ratio of 10:1. MS conditions:ionization mode was electron impact ion source,ionization energy was 80 eV,ion source temperature was 230 ℃,quadrupole temperature was 150 ℃,trans-mission line temperature was 280 ℃,electron multiplier voltage was 1588 V,mass scanning range was m/z 30-400. The spectra were retrieved using RTLPEST3. L and NIST08. L,and the relative contents of the volatile constituents were determined by area normalization method. RESULTS:There were 28 volatile constituents in the leaves and 15 in the fruits,respectively accounting for 67.13% and 36.85%. The major volatile constituents of leaves were β-caryophyllene (15.72%),limonene (9.39%),3-carene (9.32%),β-pinene(6.80%),α-terpine(4.98%),etc.,the main volatile constituents of fruits were 1,7,7-trimethyl-2-vinylbicyclo [2.2.1]hept-2-ene(10.45%),espatulenol(8.28%),caryophyllene oxide(4.81%),etc. 5 constituents were owned in both. CON-CLUSIONS:The study basically clears the main volatile constituents from the leaves and fruits of P. nigrum,and verifies existing obvious differences.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Acinar Cell ; surgery ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Cerebral Infarction ; etiology ; Embolism, Cholesterol ; etiology ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical treatment effects of sea buckthorn oil for in different size traumatic perforation of tympanic membrane in different size. METHOD: Prospective, randomized study of 199 outpatients with traumatic perforation of tympanic membrane who were enrolled between December 2012 and December 2014 after informed consent. The patients were divided into treatment group (101 cases) and control group (98 cases). According to the size of the perforations, patients in each group were divided into large perforation group, middle perforation groups and small perforation group. The cases in large perforation group, middle perforation groups and small perforation group were 36, 34, 31 in treatment group and 35, 33, 30 in control group. The patients in treatment group were treated with sea buckthorn oil once a week, while the patient in control group were self-healing and checked once a week. All the patients were followed-up in two months. The healing rate of two groups was applied for the evaluation indicator of clinical effect. We compared the healing rate, average healing time and phological change of tympanic membrane of patients at the first and second month. RESULT: The total healing ratio of patients in treatment group is 62.4% and 79.2% compared with 29.6% and 57.1% in control group at the first and second month (P < 0.05). There is statistical significance between the healing ratios of middle, large perforation groups in treatment group and control group (P < 0.05). There is no statistical significance between the healing ratios of small perforation group in treatment group and control group (P > 0.05). The average healing time of large, middle and small perforation group at the second month are significantly shorter than the control group. CONCLUSION It is better to apply observation method and let it self-healed for small traumatic tympanic membrane perforation according to its higher healing ratio. While, it is better to apply sea buckthorn oil method for middle and large traumatic tympanic membrane perforation according to its lower healing ratios. Sea buckthorn oil treatment is benefitial for increasing the ratio of perforation healing, shorten the healing time, resumpting of the middle ear function earlier, helping most of the patients to avoid operation and the reduce medical expense. Therefore, it is valuable to promote the method in clinical treatment.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hippophae ; Humans ; Plant Oils ; therapeutic use ; Prospective Studies ; Tympanic Membrane ; injuries ; Tympanic Membrane Perforation ; drug therapy ; Wound Healing ; drug effects

Objective To evaluate the effect of sevoflurane preconditioning on the left ventricular function in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Thirty ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients,aged 42-70 yr,with body height 152-181 cm,weighing 43-78 kg,scheduled for elective CABG under CPB,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =15 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and sevoflurane preconditioning group (group SP).Group SP inhaled sevoflurane with the end-tidal concentration corresponding to 1 MAC for 30 min after endotracheal intubation.Before sevoflurane preconditioning (T0) and at 60 min after termination of CPB (T1),mean arterial pressure (MAP),stroke volume index (SVI),pulmonary artery obstruction pressure and the TEE variables including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),peak E wave velocity (E),systolic wave velocity (S),and diastolic wave velocity (D),and low propagation velocity (Vp) were recorded.S/D ratio and E/Vp ratio were calculated.Extubation time and duration of ICU stay were also recorded.Results Compared with the baseline value at T0,HR was significantly increased at T1 (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and no significant change was found in the other parameters of the left ventricle function in the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the parameters of the left ventricle function,extubation time and duration of ICU stay between SP group and C group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Preconditioning with inhalation of sevoflurane with the end-tidal concentration corresponding to 1 MAC before CPB does not produce myocardial protection in terms of the left ventricular function or exerts little effect on the short-term outcomes.