Aim To study effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin (GSP) on learning and memory in mice. Methods After po GSP 10,20,40 mg?kg -1 respectively and contemporaneously sc D-galactose 1.25 g?kg -1 for 6 weeks, step down test and Y-type electric maze were used to examine the efficacy of GSE on learning and memory of mice first. Then lipoperoxide(LPO) level in blood and brain of these mice was measured. After po GSP 10,20,40 mg?kg -1 respectively for 2 weeks, the ability of learning and memory was measured by Morris Water Maze task. Results GSP significantly prolonged step-down latency in the mice and decreased number of errors in 5 minutes in step down test; and significantly decreased number of errors of these mice in Y-type electric maze test. LPO level in blood and brain of these mice was lower than that of model group. GSP also increased crossing platform times(CPT) and crossing platform percentages(CPP) in normal mice rested for 30 days in morris water maze test. Conclusion GSP can elevate the ability of learning and memory in mice treated with D-galactose, also improve memory retrieval at the spatial probe trials in normal mice. Mechanisms of these actions may probably be attributable antioxidative activity of GSP.

Objective:To explore the implicit attitude and explicit attitude toward death of college students,and the relationship between the two kinds of attitude.Methods:Totally 65 college studems participated in this study.The Single Category Implicit Association Test (SC-IAT,including cognition,affection and behavior) was used to exam the implicit attitude toward death of undergraduate students.The Death Attitude Profile-Revised (DAP-R,including five dimensions,i.e.,fear of death,death avoidance,death acceptance,escape acceptance,and neutral acceptance) was used to measure the explicit attitude.Results:Data of the SC-IAT indicated that the differences between the mean reaction time of the incompatible task and compatible in all three dimensions and the total SC-IAT were significant (Ps ＜0.01),and both the D scores of the total SC-IAT and three dimensions were larger than zero.The mean score of neutral acceptance was the highest in the five factors of SC-IAT.Relationships between the implicit effect of SC-IAT and the Mean scores of the DAP-R's five factors were not significant(Ps ＞ 0.05).Conclusion:The implicit attitude toward death of college students is negative,the explicit attitude toward death of college students is neutral.The implicit and explicit attitude toward death of college students is incongruent,and they are relatively independent.

Gastric bronchogenic cysts （GBCs） is uncommon with atypical clinical features. It is difficult to diagnose by preoperative imaging examinations. Therefore , postoperative histopatho-logical examination is regarded as the golden bacteria in ultimate diagnosis. The treatment of GBCs：ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration and endoscopic mucosal resection is only used for small GBCs with intra-cavity growth pattern. However , GBCs with extra-cavity growth pattern is featured with deeply anatomical position , large size , and prone on attaching to vital blood vessels and organs , which makes laparoscopic resection is the first choice in treatment. The authors introduce the diagnosis and treatment of a case of GBCs attaching to lesser curvature , in order to provide references for clinical diagnosis of GBCs.

Objective An 80 years old man,suffered from cardiopulmonary arrest during swimming.After successfully cardiopulmonary resuscitation,he was sent to a hospital.After examination and inspection,he was diagnosed as cardiopulmonary arrest,aspiration pneumonia,hyperlipidemia,high level of creatine kinase.We prescribed a statin for the hyperlipidemia,but the level of creatine kinase was higher and higher.Finally he was diagnosed as hypothyroidism and lung cancer.We considered that severe weakness may be the reason of cardiopulmonary arrest in swimming pool.

Objective: To assess the status of current e cigarette perception and its influencing factors among adolescents in Shanghai, so as to provide reference for the refinement of the prevention and control measures of teenagers e cigarette use. Methods: From May to June 2021, a stratified random cluster sampling was used to investigate 7 456 junior high and high school students in Shanghai. Harm and benefit perception of e cigarette as well as its social environment benefits were collected. Results: The rate of adolescents ever and current e cigarette use was 3.19% and 1.09%, respectively. The top four risk factors for low harm perception of e cigarette were adolescent e cigarette use( OR=2.74, 95%CI =2.10-3.59), high school students ( OR=1.47, 95%CI = 1.32 - 1.64 ), family members ( OR=1.45, 95%CI =1.24-1.70) and friends ( OR=1.36, 95%CI =1.20-1.54) using e cigarette. Adolescent ecigarette use ( OR=2.77, 95%CI =1.97-3.89), high school students( OR=2.11, 95%CI =1.89-2.36), friends ( OR= 1.63, 95%CI =1.42-1.87) and family members using e cigarette( OR=1.39, 95%CI =1.18-1.65) were the top four associated factors for high benefit perception of e cigarette. And, adolescent e cigarette use ( OR=1.95, 95%CI =1.47-2.59), high school students ( OR= 1.73, 95%CI =1.55-1.93), friends ( OR=1.60, 95%CI =1.40-1.82) and pocket money≥200 yuan using e cigarette( OR= 1.29 , 95%CI =1.17-1.43) were the top four risk factors for high social environmental benefit perception of e cigarette. Moreover, perception of e cigarette harm, benefit and social environmental benefit were associated with the risk of future use of e cigarette( OR = 0.78,1.44,1.21, P <0.01). Conclusion Being high school students and using e cigarette by oneself, friends, and family members are the important influencing factors for adolescents e cigarette perception. Both low harm and high benefit perception of e cigarette elevate the risk of future e cigarette use among adolescents, so effective measures should be taken to promote control education about e cigarette and smoke free environment construction.

Objective:To explore combined detection of mad2 with anti-nuclear mitotic spindle apparatus antibody(MSA)and anti-centromere antibody(ACA)and their clinical value for the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer(SCLC).Methods:One hundred and twen-ty SCLC patients,110 non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients,and 115 pulmonary nodule(PN)patients were enrolled in this study. The expression of mad2 was analyzed by qt-PCR.MSA and ACA were detected by indirect immunofluorescence(IIF)staining.Results:mad2 was overexpressed in SCLC and NSCLC samples(P<0.05).There were significant differences between the results obtained for SCLC and NSCLC samples by qt-PCR(P<0.05).AUC in ROC curve for mad2 expression was 0.799 with an intermediate diagnostic value. In the correlative analysis,the odds ratio of MSA and ACA was 6.94 and 5.60,respectively.In the correlation analysis,Kappa value of mad2 with MSA was 0.49,and Kappa value of mad2 with ACA was 0.42.In the parallel analysis,the sensitivity and specificity was 83.31% and 79.34%,respectively,while the Youden Index was 0.62.Moreover,in the serial analysis,the sensitivity and specificity was 65.32% and 93.35%,respectively,and the Youden Index was 0.59.Conclusions:In comparison with the NSCLC and PN samples,mad2 was overexpressed in SCLC samples.Therefore,mad2 ought to play a critical role in the pathology of SCLC.The combined expression of mad2 with MSA and ACA may contribute to enhancing the sensitivity and specificity of detection;this expression may allow early diag-nosis and clinical diagnosis of SLCC and may be a promising treatment for SCLC.

We will retrieve a rare case of primary cystic lymphangioma in pancreatic tail that admitted to our hospital in March 2020. By reviewing the clinical courses of this case and its relevant literatures we hope to supply a new idea of diagnosis and treatment in the future.

Objective:To investigate ability of HCA587/MAGE-C2 protein combined with different adjuvants inducing antigen-specific immune response and antitumor effects in mice model.Methods:C57BL/6J mice were immunized with HCA587 protein com-bined with Freund's complete adjuvant(CFA)/Freund's incomplete adjuvant(IFA)and different doses of CpG ODN 1826(CpG),cellular and humoral immunity levels induced by different schemes were compared.ELISpot was used to evaluate frequency of IFN-γ-producing splenocytes.HCA587-specific antibodies were detected by ELISA.Intracellular cytokine staining(ICCS)analysis was mea-sured by flow cytometry.A tumor-bearing animal model was created by subcutaneously injection of B16-HCA587 tumor cells into right flank of C57BL/6J mice,which was treated with strategy with the strongest cellular and humoral immune response in immune compari-son protocol.Vernier calipers were used to measure tumor volume,and Log-rank test was used to analyze survival curve.Results:HCA587 protein combined with CFA and 50 μg CpG elicited strongest specific IFN-γ-secreting splenocytes and anti-HCA587 anti-bodies,which induced highest IFN-γ+CD4+T cells(P<0.05).In tumor treatment model,HCA587 protein combined with CFA and 50 μg CpG significantly inhibited tumor growth(P=0.026),while Log-rank test showed no significant effect on survival(P>0.05).Conclusion:HCA587 protein vaccine formulated with CFA and 50 μg CpG causes a significant cellular and humoral immune response and partial antitumor effect in mice model,providing new experimental data for preclinical research of tumor antigen protein vaccine.

Objective To investigate the clinical diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin(PCT),D-dimer (DD),C-reactive protein(CRP)in acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF). Methods 124 ACLF patients, 63 chronic hepatitis B patients,32 chronic hepatitis C patients,24 chronic hepatitis E patients and 60 healthy controls from the second affiliated hospital of Nanchang University were enrolled in this study.PCT was detected by a sandwish immunodetection method. D-dimer was detected by Latex Turbidimetry. CRP was detected by rate nephenometry. The detection results were used for analyzing the clinical diagnostic value of ACLF with infection. Results(1)The level of PCT,DD and CRP in ACLF group were significantly higher than non-ACLF group and healthy controls(P<0.05).The levels of PCT,DD and CRP in the infection group were significantly higher than non-infection group(P<0.05).(2)The positive rates of PCT,DD and CRP in the infection group were 93.24%, 78.38%,89.19%,which were significantly higher than the non-infection group and healthy controls respectively (P < 0.05).(3)The sensitivity(93.24%)and specificity(90.00%)of PCT were the highest among all indexes. (4)The area under the ROC curve of PCT,DD,CRP were 0.892,0.715,0.755,respectively.PCT had the highest diagnostic value. Conclusion The levels of serum PCT,DD and CRP have a significant clinical value for the early diagnosis of ACLF with infection.

In recent years, with the vigorous marketing of e-cigarette manufacturers, e-cigarettes have become a popular tobacco product for adolescents. The problem of e-cigarette environmental exposure among adolescents is also getting worse and its associated adverse impacts cannot be ignored. However, domestic research on the environmental exposure to e-cigarettes among youth is insufficient, and experience on e-cigarette regulation is also limited. This review first briefly introduced the definition and sources of e-cigarette environment exposure, then focused on the differences of e-cigarette environmental exposure among adolescents with different characteristics to identify possible influencing factors, as well as the impacts of e-cigarette environmental exposure on adolescents, and finally summarized international countermeasures to prevent e-cigarette environmental exposure in adolescents, aiming to provide directional guidance for China to conduct e-cigarette control activities among adolescents.