Objective To study the effects of repeated hypoxic exposures (HEs) on glycolysis, mitochondrial oxi-dative phosphorylation and energy charge in mouse brain. Methods Adult BALB/c mice were repeatedly exposed to hypoxia for 5 times and the standard tolerant time and body temperature were recorded. The activities of PFK, PK and mitochondrial complex Ⅰ in the brain were assayed. Phosphoadenosines and energy charge were measured. Results Repeated HEs prolonged the hypoxic tolerance and reduced the body temperature. The activities of PFK and PK experienced regular changes, with an increase in 1st and 3rd HEs and a decline to control levels in 5th HE. The complex Ⅰ activity continued to decrease during HEs. The energy charge was stable. Conclusion HEs lead to a regular change of glycolysis, a continued inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and a main-tained energy charge in the brains of mouse.

Objective To investigate the value of magnetic resonance image-diffusion weighted imaging(MRI-DMI)combined with attenuation imaging(ATI)in the diagnosis of focal nodular lesions<2 cm in the back-ground of fatty liver.Methods The clinical data of 68 patients with fatty liver complicated with focal nodular lesions<2 cm were retrospectively analyzed from June 2022 to June 2023 in Huaihe Hospital of Henan University.All patients underwent MRI,pathology and ATI examination.According to the degree of fatty liver disease,68 patients were divided into severe group(n=24),moderate group(n=27)and mild group(n=17).The apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)and acoustic attenuation coefficient(AC)values of patients with different focal lesions were compared with clinical data,and the ADC values and AC values of patients with different fatty liver lesions were compared with clinical data,and the correlation was analyzed by Pearson.To analyze the value of MRI-DWI combined with AC value in the diagnosis of malignant fatty liver disease with focal nodular disease<2 cm.Results Pathological diagnosis showed that 41 of the 68 patients were benign and 27 were malignant.There were no significant differences in low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),age,triglyceride(TG),sex,total cholesterol(TC)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)between benign nodule group and malignant nodule group(P>0.05).There was no difference in TG,age,HDL-C,sex,TC and LDL-C among mild,moderate and severe groups(P>0.05).The ADC value of malignant nodule group was lower than benign nodule group under different b values(P<0.05),and the AC value of malignant nodule group was higher than that of benign nodule group(P<0.05).ADC value under different b values in the severe group was lower than mild and moderate groups(P<0.05),ADC value under different b values in the moderate group was lower than mild group(P<0.05),AC value in the severe group was higher than mild and moderate groups(P<0.05),and AC value in the moderate group was higher than mild group(P<0.05).ADC values at different b values were negatively correlated with the degree of fatty liver disease(P<0.05),but not with TG,HDL-C,TC and LDL-C(P>0.05).AC was positively correlated with the degree of fatty liver disease(P<0.05),negatively correlated with HDL-C(P<0.05),but not with TG,TC and LDL-C(P>0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)values of MRI-DWI,AC and their combi-nation in the diagnosis of fatty liver complicated with focal nodule disease<2 cm into malignancy were 0.775,0.773 and 0.909,respectively(P<0.05),and the AUC value of the combination was higher(P<0.05).Conclusion MRI-DWI and ATI have important value in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of focal nodular lesions<2 cm in the background of fatty liver,and the combination of MRI-DWI and ATI has higher diagnostic value.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of vitamin D (VD) against hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in newborn mice and explore the mechanism. METHODS: Thirty-six newborn mice were randomly divided into air + VD group, air + saline group, hyperoxia + VD group, and hyperoxia + saline group. In all the groups, saline or VD was administered on a daily basis intramuscular injection. After 3 weeks of treatment, the mice were weighed and cardiac blood was collected for measurement of serum VD level using ELISA, and histological examination of the lungs was performed. Radial alveolar counting (RAC) and alveolar secondary interval volume density were measured using image analysis software. The expression levels of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in the lung tissues were detected using Western blotting. RESULTS: The weight gain rate of the mice and the weight of the lungs were significantly higher in air + saline group and air + VD group than in the hyperoxia + saline group. The RAC was significantly lower in hyperoxic+saline group than that in hyperoxia+VD group ( < 0.001), and was significantly higher in hyperoxic+VD (125 times) than in hyperoxia + VD (1250 times) group ( < 0.01). The alveolar secondary protrusion count was significantly higher in hyperoxic+VD (1250 times) group than in hyperoxic+saline group ( < 0.001), and was significantly higher in hyperoxia+VD (125 times) group than in hyperoxia + VD (1250 times) group ( < 0.01). Compared with that in air + saline group, VEGFR2 expression was significantly lowered in hyperoxia+saline group ( < 0.05) and in air+VD group ( < 0.05); VEGFR2 expression was significantly higher in hyperoxia+VD (1250 times) group than in hyperoxia+saline group ( < 0.001) and hyperoxia+VD (125 times) group ( < 0.001); VEGFR2 expression was significantly higher in hyperoxia+VD (125 times) group than in hyperoxia+ saline group ( < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In newborn mice with BPD, VD supplement can increase the weight of the lungs and promote lung maturation, and a higher concentration of VD can better protect the lungs and promote the growth of pulmonary blood vessels.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ; Hyperoxia ; Lung ; Mice ; Vitamin D