In the past decades,more and more mutant genes that cause inherited retinal diseases have been found.Meanwhile,many naturally occurring animal models have also been found to show similar gene mutations and phenotypes as the human inherited retinal diseases,which have led to the development of a variety of therapeutic strategies for those traditionally incurable inherited diseases.These models include rod degeneration (rd) mice,such as rd1 model,rd10 model and nmf137.To compare the efficacy of these strategies,this article briefly reviews the recent progress in the treatment of the mouse models with mutations in the subunit of rod phosphodiesterase (Pde6b)gene by pharmaceutical,stem cell and gene therapy in order to find a more effective treatment for retinal degeneration.

Uterine arteriovenous fistula (UAVF) is a rare condition,however it can cause life-threatening vaginal bleeding or acute intra-abdominal hemorrhage.Many diagnosis methods may be used,among which angiography is the gold standard of diagnosis.There is no clear treatment guideline so far.Treatments can be made according to patient's age,symptoms,bearing requirement and pathological changes of hemodynamic parameters.

Objective To establish a quality standard for Tibetan medicineRuyi-Zhenbao pill. Methods Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was applied to identify 12 Tibetan medicinal materials, and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to determine the contents of gallic acid, dehydrodiisoeugenol, piperine, and cinnamaldehyde.Results The identified characteristics of TLC were distinct and the spots were clear. Linearity of gallic acid, dehydrodiisoeugenol, piperine, and cinnamaldehyde were in the range of 0.106-0.901μg, 0.033-0.281μg, 0.007-0.060μg, and 0.021-0.178μg, respectively. Average recovery was in the range of 98.47%-101.65% (RSD<3.0%).Conclusions The method of identification and content determination was good in terms of specificity, accuracy and repeatability, and can be used for quality control ofRuyi-Zhenbaopill.

Congenital Hypothyroidism ; complications ; diagnosis ; Goiter, Nodular ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Thyroid Dysgenesis ; complications ; diagnosis

Objective To evaluate the efficacy in aromatase inhibitors and tamoxifen on Luminal postmenopausal breast neoplasms.Methods PubMED,Science Direct,EBSCO Host,EMbase,The Cochrane Library,CNKI,CECDB and CQVIP were retrieved,the evaluation methodology included.The quality of the included studies and extracted data should be researched rigorously.Review Manager 5.0 software was used to evaluate the quality standards of randomized clinical trial (RCT).Results Twelve RCT were selected,included 2634 patients,1354 cases of treatment group (use aromatase inhibitors),1280cases of control group (use tamoxifen).The results of the evaluation of the system:compared to control group,treatment group significantly improved disease-free survival in 1 year (RR =1.10,95％ CI 1.01-1.19),disease-free survival in 3 years (RR =1.09,95％ CI 1.05-1.13),the overall efficiency in 1 year (RR =1.21,95％ CI 1.12-1.30),furthermore treatment group significantly reduced the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in 3 years (RR =0.47,95％ CI 0.27-0.83),but there was no significant difference in the incidence of bone and joint disease in 3 years between the 2 groups (RR =0.99,95％ CI 0.61-1.61).Conclusion Compared to tamoxifen,the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors is excellent in treatment of Luminal postmenopausal breast neoplasms,it is worth promoting.

Objective To explore the application value of new pre-operation auxiliary chemotherapy(NACT)in treating cervical carcinoma. Methods Two periods of chemotherapy were conducted on 53 cervical carcinoma patients;the chemotherapy projects were PVB and BIP;operation was made two weeks afterwards. Results The total effective rate of NACT was 77.4% ,26.4% of which was complete remission;50.9% of which was partial remission;local carcinoma bulk decreased significantly; the post-operation pathology indicated that there was 3.8% of uterus infiltration and 7.1% of pelvic cavity lymph node metastasis. Those patients received chemotherapy after the operation,all patients were followed up. Conclusion NACT is safe and effective for the pre-operation treatment of cervical carcinoma,which can reduce the carcinoma bulk and increase the successful rate of the operation.

Objective To investigate the effect of montelukast sodium chewable tablets on pulmonary function in children with allergic asthma . Methods 86 cases of children with allergic asthma were randomLy divided into 2 groups, 43 cases in the control group were treated with routine clinical treatment, 43 cases in the experiment group received more with montelukast sodium chewable tablets.Serum T lymphocyte subsets, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-4 concentration levels, as well as FVC, FEV1, PEF levels and clinical efficacy were compared of two groups pre-and post-treatment.Results Compared with pre-treatment, Serum CD4 +, CD4 +/CD8 +, FVC, FEV1 and PEF levels in 2 groups increased, serum CD8 +, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-a levels decreased, compared with the control group, serum CD4 +, CD4 +/CD8 +, FVC, FEV1, PEF level and the effective rate in the experiment group post-treatment were higher, serum CD8 +, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-αlevels and the ineffective rate were lower, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Montelukast sodium chewable tablets can effectively improve the imbalance of immune function in children with allergic asthma , improve lung function, and has good clinical efficacy.

Objective To investigate the relationship of nitric oxide with nitric oxide synthase system in fetal rat kidney and the mechanism of renal injury after acute intrauterine ischemia(hypoxia)/reperfusion ischemia(hypoxia)/reperfusion. Methods Wistar rats of 21 gestational days were selected and divided into seven groups according to the different ischemia(hypoxia)/reperfusion time. The level of nitric oxide and the expression of nitric oxide synthase system were detected by biochemistry, immunohistochemistry and RT PCR. Results The NO level was decreased gradually with extension of ischemia, which was significantly different from sham group ( P

Objective to study the factors of delaying survival of the ankle and foot which were linked with leg only by skin, fascia and tibia after all the infected and inactivated muscles and intermuscular vessels had been removed, and to study the effect of artery blood supply reconstruction to avoid the necrosis and ischemia contracture of the foot. Methods The leg was linked with ankle and foot by the tibia which was covered only by skin and fascia after all the muscles, interosseous membrance, intermuscular vessels and fibula had been removed. And then the artery blood supply for the injured limb was reconstructed by stages. Results The sense of haphalgesia, with normal temperature and color, recovered in the injured limb 7 months after operation, no contracture and deformity happened in the food muscles and joint, and the patient may smooth stand and walk with a stick freely. Conclusion The necrosis and ischemia contracture of foot was delayed by reticular collateral circulation among skin, deep and superficial fascia and tibia of the injured limb, although the blood supply was very little after all the muscles and intermuscular vessels had been removed because of infection and necrosis. Finally the injured limb was reserved successfully by artery blood supply reconstruction. The clinical effect was satisfactory.

Objective To establish an effective technique in reservation and function reconstruction of a leg, in which all the muscles except gastrocnemius necrosed induced by the delayed necrosis of all the intermuscular vessels, the foot was linked only by skin, fascia and tibia. Methods The leg was linked with foot only by the skin, fascia, caput mediale of gastrocnemius and tibia when all the muscles, intermuscular vessels and fibula were removed. The direct island flap of tibialis posterior artery was cut from the healthy limb and used to cover the 4/5 length and 1/3 circumference of bone-fascia raw surface, then to anastomose the both arteries of the flap and the caput lateral gastrocnemius when dividing the pedicles. As soon as the raw surface healed, fuse the ankle in the functional situation and fix the flexor and extensor tendon in the proper situation. Results With sufficient blood supply from the skin and fascia of the flap, the raw surface healed soon, the severe ischemia pain relieved, and the circulation and sensation recovered gradually. The crutching and walking function of the leg reconstructed at last. Conclusion When all the necrotic intermuscular vessels and muscles except caput mediale of gastrocnemius were removed, the necrosis may be delayed by means of reticular collateral circulation among skin, deep and superficial fascia and tibia of the injured limb. However, the blood supply is very little, the severe ischemia wound and ischemia pain can't be healed. Through the tibialis posterior artery direct island skin flap of the healthy leg to cover the dystrophic wounds, the blood supply of the leg can be improved. As a result, the leg survives and its function is reconstructed, and an eternal axial-pattern artery for the wound leg through arteries anastomosis is rebuilt.