Objective To study the application effect of PDCA management mode in the teaching process of practice nurses in spine surgery to reduce the occurrence of nursing errors. Methods A total of 35 practice nurses in spine surgery from March 2014 to March 2015 received the routine teaching mode were set as control group, and 35 practice nurses from April 2015 to April 2016 implemented PDCA management mode were set as intervention group. The occurrence rate of nursing adverse events in two years was observed, and the interns for clinical teaching evaluation model of quality and satisfaction and the intern examination results were summarized. Results The incidence of nursing adverse events was 22.86% (8/35) in control group, and 2.86% (1/35) in intervention group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2= 17.85, P = 0.00). The intern teacher for clinical teaching content arrangement, teaching attitude, detail guidance and skills training indicators evaluation score were (15.46±1.03), (14.18±1.06), (14.61±1.11), (13.30±1.07) points in control group, and (18.26±1.00), (18.48±0.51), (19.43±0.21), (19.16± 0.28) points in intervention group, the differences were statistically significant (t = 11.54- 31.34, P <0.01). The interns given theory and skills examination results were (80.15±1.61), (85.16±1.02) points in control group, and (93.10±2.01), (91.06±2.03) points in intervention group, the difference was statistically significant (t = 29.75, 15.36, all P = 0.00). The clinical teaching satisfaction was 57.14% (20/35) in control group, and 80.00% (28/35) in intervention group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=12.12, P=0.00). Conclusions PDCA management model applied to clinical practice in department of orthopedics teaching process, can effectively improve the intern theory knowledge and skills to master the ability, most of the interns examination results are more optimistic, and for this kind of management pattern for the process of teaching evaluation of higher satisfaction, the teachers care under the guidance of intern nursing mistake, nursing adverse events is low, this method is worthy of promotion.

Objective to analyze the major problems existing in laboratory medicine and put forward the improvement measures. Methods The dissertations of 69 graduates in Laboratory medicine major in 2008 were analyzed. Results A total of 62 teachers guided 69 students to complete their thesis,and the dissertation score was normal with outstanding dissertations accounting for 4.38% and good dissertations accounting for 65.21%;and medium accounting for 30.43%. Conclusion: The quality of graduation thesis should be promoted from the start of each aspect of the thesis,and quality control should be implemented in the whole process.

Objective:To prepare monoclonal antibodies with high specificity against different regions of N protein and to analyze antigenic epitopes of SARS-CoV N protein.Methods: Balb/ c mice were immunized with purified different region N protein to prepare McAb by hybridoma technique and select by indirect ELISA.Both of these McAbs were characterized for their antibody titre in the culture supernatant as well as ascites,class,subclass and affinity analysis.The antigen specificity for McAb were evaluated and confirmed by Western blot.The binding site and capability of McAb were observed by ELISA additive assay.Results: Seven hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV N1 and two hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV N2 were obtained.About the immunoglobulin subclass of McAb,six were IgG1,two were IgG2b and one was IgG3.Western blot showed that the McAbs reacted specifically with SARS-CoV N protein.ELISA additive assay indicated that two antibodies against SARS-CoV N1 recognized same epitopes,while others recognized distinct epitopes.Conclusion: We successfully obtained nine specific McAbs against the different region SARS-CoV N protein after expression and purification of the different part SARS-CoV N protein.It shows that the N1 McAb recognizs the N-terminus of the N protein whereas the N2 McAb recognizs the C-terminus.

Objective To study helical CT manifestations of neck lymph node metastasis in thyroid carcinoma.Methods Forty-four patients of neck lymph node metastasis in thyroid carcinoma were performed helical CT scans and were analyzed retrospectively to compare with pathology and operation.CT manifestations mainly included:density,sector and calcification.Results On the one hand,CT manifestations had common character of neck lymph node metastasis;that was low-attenuant center and rim enhancement,on the other hand,CT manifestations showed:(1)thinness-sand and mottle calcification in the metastatic lymph node;(2)metastatic lymph node obvious enhancement.After enhance average density ranged from 28.00~50.54 HU to 62.85~145.78 HU,average density was near or more than 100 HU.Conclusion In metastatic lymph node of thyroid carcinoma,the findings of thinness-sand and mottle calcification suggest malignant tumor in thyroid focal,and metastatic lymph nodes were obviously enhanced;average density of lymph node after enhancement is near or more than 100 HU.

Objective:To explore a simple way to improve seeding efficiency and uniformity in constructing 3-D dermal equivalent,in order to effectively construct tissue engineered skin.Methods: Human dermal fibroblasts were added onto collagen sponge scaffolds and cultured in the following 3 ways:(1)oscillating seeding and oscillating culture(OO),(2)oscillating seeding and static culture(OS),and(3)static seeding and static culture (SS).Samples were obtained and subjected to light microscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and quantitative cell number assay at planed times.Results: Oscillating seeding achieved more uniform spatial cell distribution within scaffolds as compared to static seeding.Moreover,fibroblast seeding efficiency was significantly higher in oscillating conditions(\%) than in static conditions(\%,P

Objective:To study the Raman spectrum and the surface enhanced Raman spectrum ( SERS) of cefalexin, cefadroxil and cephradine, and analyze the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of the three compounds under different pH conditions. Methods:The Raman spectrum and the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of the three compounds under different pH conditions were detected and measured by a portable Raman spectroscopy. Results: The results showed that the three compounds could exhibit characteristic peak information in the surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy corresponding to that in the normal Raman spectrum, and the pH values had certain impact on the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of the three substances. Conclusion: Both the Raman spectrum and the surface enhanced Raman spectrum of cefalexin, cefadroxil and cephradine reflect certain fingerprint characteristics, and it is feasible to use Raman scattering method to identify the three cephalosporins.

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease and mediated by chronic inflammation from initiation to progression. Inflammatory factors of this process, such as C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, cell adhesion molecules and tumor necrosis factor-a, not only involve in atherosclerosis-related disease process, but also indicate the risk of cardiovascular events. Inflammatory factors level plays a significant role in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of atherosclerosis-related disease, such as acute coronary syndrome. Recent studies have shown that there is a marked inflammatory response after stenting, which plays an important role in the vascular remodeling process, especially in-stent restenosis. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the molecular mechanism and pathological changes in the process of inflammation and to study prevention and treatment of the inflammation. We believe that inflammatory processes will be new targets of therapy in preventing or treating atherosclerosis and its complications.

Objeetive To investigate the clinical effects and nursing interventions of endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST)for treating elderly patients with choledocholithiasis.Methods The clinical data of 73 cases of patients operated by EST were retrospectively analyzed.Before surgery the psychological nursing,examination and preparation were meticulously performed,the changes of vital signs and nursing were closely observed during surgery,the respiratory tract nursing,cardiovascular disease and diabetes nursing,pain nursing and complications treatment were performed after surgery.Results There were 69cases of 73 patients were successful,the success rate was 94.5%;8 cases of concurrent hyperamylasemia were given conservative treatment and had clinical recovery;2 cases of fever occurred and white blood cell count elevated and were treated by effective antibiotic treatment;there was no perforation,wound bleeding and death.Conclusions Using the EST to treat the choledocholithiasis of elderly patients has good clinical effects and low risk;through careful observation and nursing,can reduce complications,promote the patients'early recovery and improve quality of life of elderly patients with choledocholithiasis.

0.05). But after 12 weeks, blood glucose level and urine volume in DM group were higher and greater than those in control group (both P0.05). (2) The urine osmolality in DM group was decreased while the plasma osmolality increased (P