Hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection and its chronicity is a serious public health problem,and mother -to -child transmission (MTCT)of HBV is one of the most common routes of infection.The risk factors for the MTCT of HBV and corresponding measures are reviewed from the aspects of assessment/screening before pregnancy,intervention during pregnancy,combined immunization for newborns,etc.,and it is pointed out that the physicians in the departments of gynecology&obstetrics and liver diseases play a key role in resolving this issue.

0.05), FⅧ, c: 28.9?8.7 vs 43.9?11.4 per cent (P

Objective To explore the clinical application of two different fixation methods for nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in newborns. Methods One hundred and forty newborns who had NCPAP treatment were selected and divided into experimental group and control group with 70 cases in each group by random digits table method.The newborns in experimental group received self- made caps to fix the prong systems,while the newborns in control group received U shape towel. The incidence of nose, head of facial skin injury, frequency of detachment for nasal prongs and duration mechanical ventilation were compared between two groups. Results The frequency of detachment for nasal prongs per 24 h was (0.65±0.18) times in experimental group and (1.64±0.22) times in control group, and there was significant difference (t=28.68, P<0.01). The incidence of nose, head of facial skin injury were 8.6%(6/70), 2.9%(2/70) in experimental group and 27.1%(19/70), 14.3%(10/70) in control group,and there were significant differences ( χ2 =8.23, 5.83, P<0.01 or 0.05). There was no significant difference in duration mechanical ventilation between two groups(P>0.05). Conclusions Use of the self- made caps for NCPAP in newborns is associated with significant reduction in the incidence of nose, head of facial skin injury,and the frequency of detachment for nasal prongs.The fixation should be prompted in clinic.

Objective:To provide ideas for the participation of clinical pharmacists in clinical individualized medication.Methods:Clinical pharmacists participated in the clinical consultation for one senior patient with acute cholangitis treated with biapenem.Results:The consultation comments and suggestions proposed by clinical pharmacists were accepted by clinics,which played an important role in assisting doctors in the rational drug use and significantly improved the medical treatment.Conclusion:Clinical pharmacists should participate in individualized medication and help clinicians optimize drug therapy,which can improve the safety and efficacy of medication.

Adult ; Humans ; Lead Poisoning, Nervous System ; etiology ; Male

100 patients with gas gangrene were not found out serious infections. The mission was successful completed. CONCLUSIONS By use of PDCA cycle,the process of the wounded for treatment of nosocomial infection prevention and control of is guaranteed.

Automated body fluid cytology analysis has been accepted by clinical laboratories gradually.The improvement of efficacy and analytical precision can overcome some defects of traditional manual method,such as time-consuming and poor repeatability.To make use of the advantages of automated fluid cell analysis technology,the automated method and microscopic method must be combined by setting review rules.Meanwhile,more attentions must be paied to sample collection and specimen preservation at pre-analytical stage,verification of instrument performance at analytical stage and necessary clinical communication at post-analytical stage.Only if a complete system of quality management,standardization of procedures,result validation and interpretation is implemented in the routine work,the clinical significance of body fluid cytological analysis can be recognized in clinical practice.

Thirty strains of seven Candida species from CICC(China Center of Industrial Culture Collection)were studied. The strains were differentiated by ITS1 region PCR-SSCP fingerprinting analysis and ITS2 region PCR-SSCP fingerprinting analysis. Results showed that both ITS1 region and ITS2 region were able to differentiate the seven species of Candida clearly. Contrasting the maps and effects on the identification of Candida species of ITS1 region with that of ITS2 region, result indicated that on the identification of Candida species the application of ITS2 region was better than ITS1 region.

Humans ; Lung ; cytology ; Macrophages, Alveolar ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; pathology ; Silicosis ; pathology

Humans ; Proteomics ; methods ; Silicosis ; metabolism ; Specimen Handling ; methods