According to the analysis and integration on prior research results regarding meridian essence, it is believed that high-energy metabolism is one of the main characteristics of along-meridian specificity. With discussion on the formation mechanism of along-meridians high-energy metabolism as entry point, it is found out that proteins of voltage-gated calcium channel along the meridians are likely to play an essential role of starting and coupling during the along-meridians functional activity. Thus, the hypothesis "proteins coupling in the meridians" is modified to the hypothesis "calcium channels proteins coupling in the meridians", which opens new path to reveal material basis and action mechanism of meridians.
Calcium ; metabolism ; Calcium Channels ; metabolism ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Meridians

Objective To explore the clinical features,maternal and fetal outcome in preeclampsia complications.(Methods)Clinical data of 86 cases of preeclampsia complications in heart,liver,kidney and brain were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients were divided into two groups: early onset preeclampsia(EOPE) group,36 cases,onset gestational weeks

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight-threatening chronic complication of diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of acquired blindness in adults. Long-term exposure to the hyperglycemia of diabetes patients leads to the development of DR. Several studies have provided evidence that good diabetes control is important to prevent DR. However, emerging evidence suggests that genes are a significant contributor to an individual's risk of retinopathy. This evidence is from evaluations of familial aggregation and different incidence of DR in racial and ethnic groups. Some groups of patients develop DR despite good control and some escape retinopathy despite poor control. This suggests that the genes are involved in the susceptibility to DR. Genes suggested as having a role include those encoding aldose reductase, nitric oxide synthase, receptor for advanced glycation end products, angiotensin converting enzyme, vascular endothelial growth factors and pigment epithelium-derived factor. An understanding of the role of susceptibility genes will ultimately allow the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This article reviews the role of genetic factors in the etiology and progression of DR.

Objective To explore the clinical features of pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with DM and related factors. Method The manifestations of 87 newly diagnosed PTB patients with type 2 DM(DM-PTB group) at two hospitals in Tianjin during October 2003 to October 2004 were compared to 88 PTB patients without DM who were randomly choosen from the same hosipital.The factors related to sputum-positive TB or cavity were explored through unconditional logistic regression model. Results DM-PTB patients showed significanly lower frequencies of cough(66.7% vs 83.0%),toxicity symptoms(37.9% vs 62.5%) and haemoptysis(16.1% vs 33.0%) than those of PTB group.Positive-sputum(63.2% vs 34.1%),cavity(56.3% vs 13.6%),wide lesions and bilateral lesions on chest radiographs was more common in DM-PTB group than in PTB one.Introversion(OR=1.582, 95%CI:1.063 ～2.355),type 2 DM(OR =2.186,95% CI:1.082 ~4.420)and cavity(OR =2.793,95% CI:1.308 ～5.964)were factors independently associated with positive-sputum TB.The factors related to cavity included diabetes(OR=14.199,95%CI:5.376~ 37.501),cough,postive sputum and lore-up lobe lesion.Conclusion This study confirmed that clinical manifestations and chest radiographs of PTB patients complicated with type 2 DM significantly departed from the typical presentation.Type 2 DM seems to have a negative effect on postive-sputum and cavity.So it should be alarmed that DM-PTB patients who tend to have untypical clinical symptom and higher rate of positive sputum become the reservoirs of infection to cause the transmission of TB.

AIM: To investigate effect of autogenous conjunctival flap transplantation in the treatment of severe fungal corneal ulcer.
METHODS: A total of 83 cases ( 83 eyes ) with severe fungal corneal ulcer treated in our hospital from Jan. 2013 to Jan. 2016 were selected. Among them, 36 cases ( 36 eyes) were treated with drug therapy, and 47 patients(47 eyes ) were treated with autogenous conjunctival flap transplantation, two group did fungal culture and identification, observed the two groups treatment effect.RESULTS:The effective rate of surgical treatment group was 89%, significantly higher than that of drug treatment group, the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05 ); The effective rate of surgical treatment of filamentous bacteria was 92%, which was significantly higher than that of drug treatment, the difference was statistically significant(P<0. 05). The effective rates of surgical treatment and drug treatment of yeast were 80%and 78%, the difference was not statistically significant( P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Autologous conjunctival flap transplantation in the treatment of severe fungal corneal ulcer has good curative effect. The operation is simple, worthy of recommendation method. Filamentous bacterial corneal ulcer without good drug therapy effect, surgical treatment should be performed in a timely manner to improve the curative effect.

Targeting drug delivery system (TDDS) is one of the most concerned research fields in cancer treatment because it can bind selectively and react with the target diseased sites at the cellular or sub-cellular level, making distribution and release of drugs in a controlled manner, thus enhance therapeutic effects and reduce toxic and side-effects on normal cells. Polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAMD) is a kind of newly developed polymer in nanometer degree. Hyper-branched, monodispersity, three-dimensional structure and host-guest entrapment ability make it used as drug carrier, gene delivery system and imaging agent. Various targeting ligands, which have high affinity to specific organs, tissues or cells in human body, can be linked to surface functional groups of PAMAMD. And drugs and theoretical gene are carried by encapsulation or chemical conjugation. Finally, PAMAMD targeting drug delivery system can carry drugs and theoretical gene to diseased sites and then release them for targeted therapy. The PAMAMD-based conjugates have small size, ligh permeability and retention effect (EPR), low toxicity and so on. The research progress of PAMAMD modified by different ligands in targeting drug delivery system is reviewed, and research direction of the PAMAMD targeting delivery system in the future is also suggested.

Objective To summarize the types and reasons of misdiagnosis in multiple myeloma (MM),and the approaches of avoiding misdiagnosis by analyzing the misdiagnosis data in MM.Methods 197 references of misdiagnosed MM were retrieved from Wanfang medicine net by using the key words multiple myeloma and misdiagnosis from the year 2000 to 2012,and 62 of them with complete data and statistical certainty from level 2 or higher national hospitals were analyzed and summarized.Results In 62 references,2110 patients were misdiagnosis.There were more than 160 misdiagnosed MM.The shortest time of delay in diagnosis was one week,and the longest was tcn years.The rate of misdiagnosis in MM was 56.44 ％ (1406/2491).The onset age of the youngest was 16 years old and the oldest was 87 years old.A difference of nearly 20 years was found between the maximum and minimum average age of onset.MM was misdiagnosed as 10 kinds of diseases.They were including bone joint disease 32.23 ％ (680/2110),other blood diseases 11.75 ％ (248/2110),infection 14.5 ％ (306/2110),solid tumor 6.35 ％ (134/2110),kidney disease 18.58 ％ (392/2110),digestive system disease 3.13 ％ (66/2110),rheumatism 4.64 ％ (98/2110),heart disease 4.64 ％ (57/2110),nervous system disease 2.99 ％ (63/2110),endocrine disease 0.38 ％ (8/2110).Conclusion MM could occur in all ages except children and may be mistaken for a variety of diseases.It is key to prevent misdiagnosis by strengthening the comprehensive understanding of MM by taking detailed history,careful physical examination,comprehensive laboratory examination,and comprehensive clinical thinking.

Objective To observe and evaluate the effect of ultrasound guided percutaneous ethanol injection for hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal failure. Methods Fifty-three patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism in Nanjing General Hospital Military Command from January 2011 to May 2013 were treated by percutaneous ethanol injection. The echogenicity, size and blood supply of parathyroid glands were observed by color Doppler ultrasound before and after treatment. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and volumes of parathyroid glands were analyzed and compared with non-paired t test. Results Before treatment, the parathyroid gland volume was (5.28±0.84) cm3. The enlarged parathyroid glands had homogeneous hypoechogenicity and abundant blood supply, and the PTH was (1041.6±37.1) ng/L. After treatment, the size of solitary parathyroid gland was (3.93±0.67) cm3 which did not change significantly compared with that before treatment. The echogenicity of parathyroid glands enhanced and blood supply decreased after injection ethanol into solitary parathyroid. PTH [(509.2±27.6) ng/L] decreased obviously (t=3.792, P < 0.05). Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound guided percutaneous injection of ethanol has an important role in the treating of secondary hyperparathyroidism and the curative effect can be observed timely.

With social progress and improvement of human health consciousness,the medical device industry of China has been fast developing,and a new request for the specialized talents cultivation has been put forward.Based on the consideration of the development of medical device industry and the students,a cultivating mode for the medical engineering talents is explored in this paper through the major course reform,training double-quality teachers and cooperation between industry,university and research institutes.

Objective To investigate the effect of standardized usage of antibiotics and hand hygiene on carbapenem-re-sistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infection in neonates. Methods According to the situation of standardized management of an-tibiotics in our hospital, the study period, from January 2011 to December 2013, was divided into pre-intervention, transition and post-intervention. Retrospective study was employed to analyze the antibiotics use density (AUD), the hand hygiene compliance rate among the medical staff, the positive rate of CRE and the nosocomial infection percentage of the neonatology department. Results From pre-intervention to post-intervention period, the AUD was decreased from 12.93 DDDs to 8.10 DDDs;hand hy-giene compliance rate of medical staff was increased from 53.49%to 83.33%;the detection rate of CRE was decreased from 3.71%to 2.27%. The differences were all signiifcant among different periods (P<0.01). The nosocomial infection percentage decreased from 0.22%to 0.17%and there was no signiifcant difference (P=0.441). Conclusions Standardized usage of antibiotics and hand hygiene can be served as economical yet effective approaches to controlling CRE infection in neonates.