OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical distribution characteristics and the drug-resistance of AmpC-producing Enterobacter cloacae in ICU. METHODS Seventy-eight strains of E. cloacae were isolated in ICU from Jan 2005 to Jan 2006 and antimicrocal sensitivities were determined by K-B method. RESULTS Among 78 E. cloacal strains derived from the lower respiratory tract and wound secretion,32 (41.0%) were AmpC producing and were sensitive to imipenem (96.9%) and merapenem (93.8%). CONCLUSIONS AmpC-producing E. cloacae is one of the main pathgens of nosocomial infection in ICU,imipenem and merapenem are the first choice to treat the infection.

Objective To design a new type of field operation instrument for easy to spread a rescue surgery rapidly in field first -aid at the present stage. Methods The traditional field operation instrument set is innovated in its composition, structure and function. The packing instrument procedure can be omitted. The new field operation instrument set is made of four different operation instrument boxes, two of which can be put into a standard field medical case. Results It is designed to be convenient to have a rescue surgery rapidly and to be washed, sterilized, conveyed and kept in aseptic storage. Conclusion The new field operation instrument case has such advantages as compactness, reasonable allocation and function completed, so it can be used easily.

Catalytic activity of activated carbon supported tungstosilicic acidin synthesizing 2-methyl-2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl1,3-dioxolane, 2,4-dimethyl-2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-l,3-dioxolane, cyclohexanone ethylene ketal, cyclohexanone 1,2-propanediol ketal, butanone ethylene ketal, butanone 1,2-propanediol ketal, 2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane,2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane was reported. It has been demonstrated that activated carbon supported tungstosilicic acid is an excellent catalyst. Various factors involved in these reactions were investigated. The optimum conditions found were: molar ratio of aldehyde/ketone to glycol is 1/1.5, mass ratio of the catalyst used to the reactants is 1.0%, and reaction time is 1.0 h. Under these conditions, the yield of 2-methyl-2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-l,3-dioxolane is 61.5%, of 2,4-dimethyl2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-1,3-dioxolane is 69.1%, of cyclohexanone ethylene ketal is 74.6%, of cyclohexanone 1,2-propanediol ketal is 80.1%, of butanone ethylene ketal is 69.5%, of butanone 1,2-propanediol ketal is 78.5%, of 2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane is 56.7%, of 4-methyl-2-phenyl- 1,3-dioxolane is 86.2%, of 2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane is 87.5%, of 4-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane is 87.9%.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of compound Danshen Dripping Pill (CDDP) on peripheral arterial intima-media thickness (IMT) in patients newly diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus.

METHODSOne hundred and eight patients were equally randomized into 3 groups, in addition to the basic hypoglycemic, hypotensive and lipid-regulation treatment, they were administered orally with aspirin (0.1 g, once daily), vitamin E (0.1 g, twice daily) and CDDP (10 pills, thrice daily) for 18 months, respectively. The conventional cardiovascular risk factors, such as hyperglycemia, lipids profile, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as well as ultrasound measurement of peripheral arterial IMT before and after treatment were compared.

RESULTSIn the group treated with CDDP after treatment, the levels of HbA1c, serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly lower (all P<0.01), HOMA-IR was higher than those in the other two groups; while IMTs of carotid, iliac and femoral arteries were insignificantly different among them (P>0.05); however, the increment of carotid IMT in the CDDP treated group was less than that in the aspirin treated group (P<0.05), and that of femoral IMT was less than both the aspirin and vitamin E treated groups (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONFor the patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, additional administration of CDDP to the conventional treatment could exert beneficial effects on blood glucose controling, and lipid profile improvement and delay of arterial intima-media proliferation.

Adult ; Aged ; Aspirin ; therapeutic use ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Diabetic Angiopathies ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenanthrolines ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; Vitamin E ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo explore the utility of chromatographic data for quality control of Paeonia suffruticosa, a Chinese herbal medicine.

METHODChromatographic fingerprints of Paeonia suffruticosa were determined by HPLC, the clustering analysis was used for data processing.

RESULTThe quantitative differences among different growing areas were found and could be used to classify herbals from different growing areas, while there seemed to be no quantitative differences for processing factor.

CONCLUSIONThe method could be used in quality control for monitoring herbal quality control, and the result also suggested that different growing areas may greatly affected the herbal qualities.

China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Cluster Analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; standards ; Ecosystem ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results

Catalytic activity of activated carbon supported tungstosilicic acid in synthesizing 2-methyl-2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl- 1,3-dioxolane, 2,4-dimethyl-2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-1,3-dioxolane, cyclohexanone ethylene ketal, cyclohexanone 1,2-propa- nediol ketal, butanone ethylene ketal, butanone 1,2-propanediol ketal, 2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane, 2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane, 4-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane was reported. It has been demonstrated that activated carbon supported tungstosilicic acid is an excellent catalyst. Various factors involved in these reactions were investigated. The optimum conditions found were: molar ratio of aldehyde/ketone to glycol is 1/1.5, mass ratio of the catalyst used to the reactants is 1.0%, and reaction time is 1.0 h. Under these conditions, the yield of 2-methyl-2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-1,3-dioxolane is 61.5%, of 2,4-dimethyl- 2-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-1,3-dioxolane is 69.1%, of cyclohexanone ethylene ketal is 74.6%, of cyclohexanone 1,2-propanediol ketal is 80.1%, of butanone ethylene ketal is 69.5%, of butanone 1,2-propanediol ketal is 78.5%, of 2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane is 56.7%, of 4-methyl-2-phenyl-1,3-dioxolane is 86.2%, of 2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane is 87.5%, of 4-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-dioxolane is 87.9%.

SO(4)(2-)/TiO(2)-La(2)O(3), a novel solid superacid, was prepared and its catalytic activities at different synthetic conditions are discussed with esterification of n-butanoic acid and n-butyl alcohol as probing reaction. The optimum conditions have also been found, mole ratio of n(La(3+)):n(Ti(4+)) is 1:34, the soaked consistency of H(2)SO(4) is 0.8 mol/L, the soaked time of H(2)SO(4) is 24 h, the calcining temperature is 480 degrees C, the calcining time is 3 h. Then it was applied in the catalytic synthesis of ten important ketals and acetals as catalyst and revealed high catalytic activity. Under these conditions on which the molar ratio of aldehyde/ketone to glycol is 1:1.5, the mass ratio of the catalyst used in the reactants is 0.5%, and the reaction time is 1.0 h, the yields of ketals and acetals can reach 41.4%-95.8%.
Acetylation ; Acids ; chemistry ; Catalysis ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ketones ; chemistry ; Lanthanum ; chemistry ; Oxides ; chemistry ; Powders ; Sulfates ; chemistry ; Titanium ; chemistry

To observe the serum samples and the anti-inflammatory effect of Tripterygium wilfordii in treating RA by using the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model, make a correlation analysis on concentration-time and effect-time curves, and explore RORγt, IL-17, STAT3, IL-6 mRNA transcriptional levels in rats by PCR. Methotrexate, tripterine and high-dose T. wilfordii could down-regulate RORγt, IL-17, STAT3, IL-6 mRNA transcriptional levels in AA rat lymph nodes. The study on PK-PD model showed correlations between inflammatory factors and blood concentration of T. wilfordii. T. wilfordii and its main active constituent tripterine could show the inflammatory effect and treat RA by inhibiting IL-17 cytokine.
Animals ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Biomarkers ; Female ; Interleukin-17 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tripterygium ; Triterpenes ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology

Objective To study the curative effect of behavior therapy(military training and growth eduction)on conduct disorder of adolescent inpatients. Methods Using a random grouping and control-study method，87 inpatients with conduct disorder were divided into the study group and the control group. On the basis of drug therapy，the study group adopted the behavior therapy(military training and growth education),and was assessed 1 week and 12 weeks after admission using Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL). The assessment results were statistically treated. Results After 12 weeks of behavior tllerapy. the CBCL scores of the study group and the control group were(13.46±3.28)and(18.41±4.26)in anxiety and obsession,(8.65±3.34)and(12.57 4-3.28)in schizophrenia like，(11.87±3.21)and(14.85±3.55)in depression and withdrawn，(8.62±3.67)and(15.74±2.21)in immaturity，(9.23±2.41)and(15.62±2.51)in violation of discipline，(15.24±3.62)and(26.54±3.11)in aggressiveness，(7.16±3.32)and(11.89±2.65)in hyperactive syndrome. There Was a statistical meaning between the two groups(P<0.01).In addition，there Was a statistical meaning between before and after the therapy in the study group(P<0.01). Conclusions Behavior therapy(military training and growth education)is an effective method in the treatment of conduct disorder of adolescent inpatients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between tea consumption, biliary tract cancers and gallstone disease.

METHODSA population-based case-control study was conducted in urban Shanghai from 1 June 1997 to 31 May 2001 involving interviews with 627 new cases of biliary tract cancers (including 368 cases of gallbladder cancer, 191 cases of extrahepatic bile duct cancer and 68 cases of cancer of the ampulla of Vater) aged 35 to 74 years and 959 population controls frequency-matched to cases by gender and age in five-year group. 1037 patients of gallstone disease were selected from the same hospital. All subjects were interviewed in person by trained interviewers by use of a structured questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

RESULTSCompared with tea non-drinkers, current tea consumption was inversely associated with risk of gallbladder cancer, extrahepatic bile duct cancer and gallstone disease among females with OR of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.34-0.96), 0.53 (95% CI: 0.27-1.03) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.51-0.99), respectively. OR declined with younger age at initiation of tea drinking and with longer duration of tea consumption (P for trend < 0.05). Among males, the corresponding OR were mostly below one, although not statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONTea consumption may decrease the risk of cancers of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct among females. The protective effect appears to be independent of gallstone disease.

Adult ; Aged ; Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Biliary Tract Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Gallstones ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenols ; pharmacology ; Polyphenols ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Risk Factors ; Tea ; chemistry