OBJECTIVEto explore the value of in vivo dynamic monitoring of abdominal aortic atherosclerosis (AS) by high field magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (MRI) in apoE-/- mice fed a high fat diet or infused with angiotensin.

METHODShigh fat diet or angiotensin II infusion was applied to apoE-/- mice for establishment of abdominal aortic atherosclerosis model. Abdominal aorta MRI was performed at 3 time points (baseline, 3 and 6 months) in 13 high fat diet fed apoE-/- mice aged 10-12 months and 3 wild-type control mice; 10 apoE-/- mice aged 6 months were infused with angiotensin II (1000 or 500 ng × kg(-1)× min(-1), n = 5 each) or saline for 14 d through Osmotic minipump. The abdominal aortic artery MRI was performed at baseline and 14 d after infusion. Black blood sequences of FLASH T1 weighted images and Proton density weighted-T2 weighted dual echo images were obtained. At each observation time post MRI, mice (n = 3, 5 and 5 for high fat diet group and n = 5 and 5 for angiotensin II infusion group) were sacrificed for pathological examination of the abdominal artery.

RESULTS(1) the abdominal aorta atherosclerosis was identified in both high fat diet and angiotensin II treated apoE-/- mice but in WT controls. Lesion progression was documented in high fat diet fed apoE-/- mice characterized by significantly increased vessel wall (a marker of atherosclerotic burden, F = 29.94, P < 0.05) and gradually increased plaque signal in PDW and T2W images. Results derived from MRI corresponded histopathology findings in high fat diet fed apoE-/- mice (correlative coefficient = 0.84, 0.95, 0.90, P < 0.05, respectively). Both MRI and histology showed increased lipid composition and decreased fibrotic composition in these mice. (2) The vessel wall area increased significantly [(1.21 ± 0.21) mm(2) vs. (2.65 ± 0.48) mm(2), P < 0.05] and the abdominal aortic dissection aneurysms was identified in apoE-/- mice infused with high angiotensin II. The vessel wall area also increased [(0.85 ± 0.11) mm(2) vs. (1.01 ± 0.17) mm(2), P < 0.05] in low angiotensin II infused apoE-/- mice and the coefficient between MR and histopathology is 0.934.

CONCLUSIONabdominal aortic unstable plaque model could be established by both high fat diet and angiotensin II infusion in apoE mice, angiotensin II infusion can transiently accelerate the progression of AS and can induce abdominal aortic dissection. Serial MR black blood sequences could demonstrate the development and progression of atherosclerosis in mouse abdominal aorta with excellent agreement to histopathology finding in terms of atherosclerotic burden and plaque composition. Thus, MRI appears to be a useful tool for in vivo AS plaque dynamic monitoring in mice.

Angiotensin II ; administration & dosage ; Animals ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Apolipoproteins E ; Arteriosclerosis ; Diet ; Dietary Fats ; administration & dosage ; Disease Models, Animal ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of acupoint magnetic medicated plaster therapy on cirrhosis after hepatitis.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty patients with cirrhosis after hepatitis were randomly divided into 2 groups. The control group (n=60) were treated by the hepatic protective therapy (diammonium glyeyrrhiznate, Silymarin, compound Tanshin, vitamin E), and the treatment group were treated by the liver-protective therapy and acupoint magnetic medicated plaster therapy, for 2-6 therapeutic courses. Clinical symptoms, hepatic function, serum markers of hepatitis B virus and indexes of hepatic fibrosis were investigated.

RESULTSThe markedly effective rate and the total effective rate were 65.0% and 95.0% in the treatment group, and 43.3% and 91.7% in the control group, and the serum indexes of hepatic fibrosis decreased signficantly, with significantly diferences (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupoint magnetic medicated plaster therapy can improve clinical symptoms, rapidly restore hepatic function, decrease serum indexes of hepatic fibrosis in the patient of cirrhosis after hepatitis.

Acupuncture Points ; Biomarkers ; Digestion ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo explore the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in the treatment of colorectal polyps.

METHODEMR was applied in the treatment of colorectal polyps.

RESULTSA total of 3578 polyps in 2609 patients were all completely resected except 2 cases and the integrated rate of samples was 99.6%. Intra- and post-operation complications occurred in 22 cases(0.8%), including 7 intraoperative bleeding, 5 postoperative bleeding, and 10 thermal burn, which were cured by symptomatic treatment. A total of 1530 (58.6%) cases were followed-up with 3-12 months and no relapse was found in former place of excision.

CONCLUSIONEMR can be applied in resection of colorectal polyps effectively and safely.

Aged ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; surgery ; Intestinal Polyps ; surgery ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Recurrence

Objective　To observe the curative effect and sid e effect of the gastrokinetic agent mosapride citrate by RCT. Methods　 42 cases of functional dyspepsia (FD) were divided into two groups rando mly, the group of mosapride(21 cases):orally administrated mosapride, 5mg, t.i.d for 4 weeks, and the control (21 cases):orally administrated domperidone, 5mg, t.i.d for 4 weeks. Symptoms and side effects were recorded before and at d 14, d 28 after administration of the medicines according to GCP and double blind pri ciple. Gastric empting test was also carried out in randomly selected patients. Results　Mosapride and domperidone were significantly effective on alleviating symptoms of the patient with FD. In mosapride treated group the half emptying time was shortened and the 120 min remain rate was reduced. No sid e effect was found. Conclusion　These results suggest that mosa pride 5 mg t.i.d. is effective and safe on alleviating symptoms of patients with FD and improving the ga stric empting time.

Objective:To analyze the main inputs and outputs of China's health reform,to propose suggestion on improving health policy.Methods:Using health economics input and output analysis methods.Results:From 2009 to 2016,more than 50％ of Chinese health personnel were distributed in the hospital and increased by year,more than 70％ of the government's main health expenditure were paid for disease treatment,the total number of new patients was 2.44 billion,and the number of inpatients was 100 million.The actual medical burden of individual residents in China was 49.36％ in 2016.The prevalence of chronic diseases among residents increased by 9％ from 2008 to 2013.Conclusion:China should put more new health investment and resources into disease prevention and control,so as to improve the health level and health input and output performance of residents.

To characterize the complete genome sequence of coxsackievirus B1 (CVB1) MSH/KM9/2009 strain isolated from Yunnan, China,2009. Eight overlapping clones covering the whole viral genome (excluding the poly-A tail) were obtained by RT-PCR and sequenced, and their nucleotide and amino acid sequences were compared with other known CVB1 strains. The genome of the CVB1 MSH/KM9/2009 strain had 7384 nucleotides in length, and contained a 741nt non-translated region (NTR) at the 5' end and a 94nt NTR at the 3' end. The entire open reading frame contained 6 549 nt, encoding a 2 183-aa polyprotein. In the coding region, there was no nucleotide deletion or insertion, but some changes of amino acid were unique. The complete genome sequence alignments showed that the CVB1 isolate MSH/KM9/2009 strain shared the highest nucleotide (80.9%, 81.6%, 80.5% and 80%) and amino acid (95.6%, 95.8%, 96.2% and 95.6%) identities to the CVB1 M16560, pmMC, Tucson B1 and CVB1Nm strain, respectively. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the MSH/KM9/2009, CVB1 M16560, pmMC, Tucson B1 and CVB1Nm strain clustered into same group. The newly isolated CVB1 strain MSH/KM9/2009 from Yunnan Province belonged to genotype CVB1.
Base Sequence ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; virology ; Enterovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Genome, Viral ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Open Reading Frames ; Phylogeny ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

BACKGROUNDDiabetes has been associated with increased risk of fracture and impaired fracture healing. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of diabetes on perioperative complications, length of stay and ambulatory ability recovery in individuals with hip fracture, and to determine whether changes could be made to improve treatment outcome.

METHODSThe study included 707 hip fracture patients treated at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between July 2009 and December 2010. The medical history and perioperative complications were compared between non-diabetic and diabetic groups. Length of stay, days awaiting surgery, and days of hospitalization after surgery were also analyzed. Ambulatory ability was compared at 1-year follow-up using the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. An independent Student's t-test was used to compare normally distributed continuous data.

RESULTSPatients with diabetes were more likely than non-diabetic patients to develop cardiac perioperative complications (8.9% vs. 3.0%, P = 0.021), urinary tract infections (12.0% vs. 2.8%, P < 0.001), and gastrointestinal symptoms (15.0% vs. 6.8%, P = 0.003). No difference in perioperative complications was observed between the groups. Days awaiting surgery and length of hospital stay were both longer in the diabetic group ((8.0 ± 5.1) vs. (6.2 ± 3.7) days and (16.5 ± 3.8) vs. (13.3 ± 3.8) days, P < 0.001, respectively). Before the occurrence of fracture, patients with diabetes were less likely to be ambulatory outdoors (71.9% vs. 85.9%, P < 0.001) and had more restricted walking ability. After at least 1-year follow-up, similar proportions of patients in the non-diabetic and diabetic groups (16.1% and 15.9%, respectively), who were able to ambulate outdoors before the fracture, became housebound till the final follow-up.

CONCLUSIONSDiabetics are at increased risk of specific complications and have a longer time to surgery and longer in-hospital stay, but generally have similar recovery to non-diabetics thereafter.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chi-Square Distribution ; Diabetes Mellitus ; physiopathology ; Female ; Hip Fractures ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Period ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between tea consumption, biliary tract cancers and gallstone disease.

METHODSA population-based case-control study was conducted in urban Shanghai from 1 June 1997 to 31 May 2001 involving interviews with 627 new cases of biliary tract cancers (including 368 cases of gallbladder cancer, 191 cases of extrahepatic bile duct cancer and 68 cases of cancer of the ampulla of Vater) aged 35 to 74 years and 959 population controls frequency-matched to cases by gender and age in five-year group. 1037 patients of gallstone disease were selected from the same hospital. All subjects were interviewed in person by trained interviewers by use of a structured questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

RESULTSCompared with tea non-drinkers, current tea consumption was inversely associated with risk of gallbladder cancer, extrahepatic bile duct cancer and gallstone disease among females with OR of 0.57 (95% CI: 0.34-0.96), 0.53 (95% CI: 0.27-1.03) and 0.71 (95% CI: 0.51-0.99), respectively. OR declined with younger age at initiation of tea drinking and with longer duration of tea consumption (P for trend < 0.05). Among males, the corresponding OR were mostly below one, although not statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONTea consumption may decrease the risk of cancers of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct among females. The protective effect appears to be independent of gallstone disease.

Adult ; Aged ; Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Biliary Tract Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Gallbladder Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Gallstones ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phenols ; pharmacology ; Polyphenols ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Risk Factors ; Tea ; chemistry

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the repeatable Battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status (RBANS)in elderly patients with vascular cognitive impairment(VCI).Methods General information and medical history were collected for 102 elderly patients with VCI,and the Mini-Mental State Exam(MMSE)and RBANS were conducted.Eight weeks later,91 of the patients were re-evaluated on RBANS.Data were analyzed for correlation,reliability and validity.Results The RBANS total score was negatively correlated with age(r =-0.464,P＜0.01)and disease course of diabetes (r =-0.387,P ＜ 0.01),and was positively correlated with education level(r=0.510,P＜ 0.01).The internal consistency measure,Cronbach's alpha,for RBANS total scores was 0.87 at an 8 week interval,and the test-retest reliability of single-item scores ranged from 0.61 to 0.77.Moreover,the correlation coefficient between the RBANS total score and the MMSE total score was 0.622.MMSE was correlated with several RBANS indexes,including immediate memory(r =0.672,P＜ 0.05),attention(r=0.612,P＜ 0.05),visual span(r=0.488,P＜ 0.05),delayed memory(r=0.492,P＜ 0.05),and language(r=0.298,P＜ 0.05).Likewise,RBANS was correlated with a number of MMSE categories,such as recall(r=0.473,P＜0.05),calculation(r=0.597,P＜0.05),delayed memory(r =0.489,P＜0.05),command(r=0.351,P＜0.05),reading comprehension(r=0.325,P＜ 0.05),command execution(r=0.511,P＜ 0.01),sentence construction (r =0.303,P ＜ 0.05),and pattern reproduction (r =0.443,P＜0.05).Conclusions The Chinese version of RBANS has good reliability and validity in elderly patients with VCI and can be used as a cognitive measurement tool in these patients.

OBJECTIVESTumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) may play an important role in host's immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection. This study was to investigate the association of TNF-alpha gene polymorphism with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) among patients with coal worker's pneumoconiosis (CWP).

METHODSA case-control study was conducted in 113 patients with confirmed CWP complicated with pulmonary TB and 113 non-TB controls with CWP. They were matched in gender, age, job, and stage of pneumoconiosis. All participants were interviewed with questionnaires and their blood specimens were collected for genetic determination with informed consent. The TNF-alpha gene polymorphism was determined with polymerase chain reaction of restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Frequency of genotypes was assessed for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability. Factors influencing the association of individual susceptibility with pulmonary TB were evaluated with logistic regression analysis. Gene-environment interaction was evaluated by a multiplicative model with combined OR. All data were analyzed using SAS version 8.2 software.

RESULTSNo significant difference in frequency of the TNF-alpha-308 genotype was found between CWP complicated with pulmonary TB and non-TB controls (chi2 = 5.44, P = 0.07). But difference in frequency of the TNF-alpha-308 A allele was identified between them (chi2 = 5.14, P = 0.02). No significant difference in frequencies of the TNF-alpha-238 genotype and allele (P = 0.23 and P = 0.09, respectively) was found between cases and controls either, with combined (GG and AA) OR of 3.96 (95% confidence interval of 1.30-12.09) at the -308 locus of the TNF-alpha gene, as compared to combination of the TNF-alpha-238 GG and TNF-alpha-308 GG genotypes. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of the TNF-alpha-238 GG and TNF-alpha-308 GA genotypes was 1.98 (95% CI of 1.06-3.71) for risk for pulmonary TB in patients with CWP. There was a synergic interaction between the TNF-alpha-308 GG genotype and body mass index (OR = 4.92), as well as an interaction between the TNF-alpha-308 GG genotype and history of BCG immunization or history of TB exposure. And, the interaction of the TNF-alpha-238 GG genotype and history of BCG immunization or TB exposure with risk for pulmonary TB in them was also indicated.

CONCLUSIONSTNF-alpha-308 A allele is associated with an elevated risk for pulmonary TB, whereas TNF-alpha-238 A allele was otherwise.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anthracosis ; complications ; Case-Control Studies ; Environmental Exposure ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; genetics ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics