Objective To evaluate the nse of CT angiography in the diagnosis of hemoptysis and guiding the treatment of it with 64-slice spiral CT.Methods Twenty-two patients with repeated and massive hemoptysis underwent chest CT angiography.Results The blood supply of hemoptysis was nonbronchial systemic arteries in 3 patients,single or multiple bronchial arteries in 15 patients,mixed arteries of nonbronchial systemic and bronchial arteries in 3 patients and abnormal systemic arteries in 1 patient.Conclusion With 64-slice spiral CT,CT angiography provided useful information for the treatment of hemoptysis by guiding bronchial arterial embolization.

Extraction is the critical link during pharmaceutical process of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is directly related to the quality of drugs. So the key to technology upgrading of pharmaceutical equipment in Chinese materia medica enterprise is the development of new extraction techniques, which concerns the modernization of TCM. In this paper, fundamentals, traits, and development status of new extraction technologies were firstly introduced, including ultrasound extraction, microwave extraction, super fluid extraction, semi-bionic extraction method, enzymatic treatment extraction, continuous countercurrent extraction, vacuum extraction. Then information of projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China was analyzed in order to recognize the assistance and research results of new extraction techniques. The patents authorized by the State Intellectual Property Office were also summarized for the purpose of understanding the achievement transformation. The information about extraction equipments was collected and screened to acquire the characteristics and market situation. The results showed that there are still problems about new extraction technologies, such as weak basic study, hard transformation of achievements, and the disconnection between research study and practical application. It is necessary to discuss the approaches and methods for accelerating the transformation of fundamental research, which will provide references for the long-term development of new extraction techniques of TCM.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; economics ; methods ; trends ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; economics ; isolation & purification ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; trends ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Translational Medical Research ; trends

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) on cultured hippocampal neuron and its intracellular mechanism. METHODS: The hippocampal neurons were dissociated from E18 rats and cultured in neurobasal medium, and then the cells were treated with proBDNF, preBDNF(propeptide of proBDNF) and proBDNF antiserum,respectively. Thirty minutes, 1 hour or 48 hours later, the cells were stained with Nissl solution, and the immunocytochemistry methods of ELK-p (Ets domain protein), ErK2(extracellular signal regulated kinase) and c-fos were performed. RESULTS: The expressions of ELK-p, ErK and c-fos were significantly upregulated in the cultured hippocampal neurons after they were treated with proBDNF protein,and the immuno-positive staining was also obvious in some nuclei. While the endogenous proBDNF was neutralized by proBDNF antiserum treatment, the expressions of ELK-p, ErK and c-fos were downregulated and many cells showed swelling and vasoculation. The immunoreactivity in preBDNF treated cells was similar to that in normal cultured cells. CONCLUSION proBDNF plays an important role in sustaining the hippocampal neuron survival through upregulating the ELK and ErK pathways.
Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; pharmacology ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Neurons ; cytology ; metabolism ; Protein Precursors ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; metabolism ; Rats ; Signal Transduction

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effects of ultra-early application with intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) in preventing postoperative lower limbs deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of intertrochanteric fractures in elder patients.

METHODSFrom May 2008 to May 2010, 80 patients with intertrochanteric fractures were randomly divided into ultra-early group and postoperative group. In ultra-early group, there were 21 males and 19 females, ranging in age from 67 to 86 years with an average of (76.4 +/- 13.27) years; in postoperative group, there were 26 males and 14 females, ranging in age from 68 to 89 years with an average age (75.8 +/- 12.71) years. IPC was respectively used at the 3rd day before operation (ultra-early group) and postoperative that day (postoperative group). Serum D-dimer of all the patients were measured at the 3rd day before operation and at the 3rd, 7th,14th days after operation. Lower limbs DVT were observed by ultrasound at the 3rd, 14th days postoperatively. Perioperative bleeding volume of patients were compared between two groups.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in the serum D-dimer concentration and lower limbs DVT between two groups at the 3rd day before operation (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in perioperative bleeding volume between two groups (P > 0.05). In ultra-early group, Serum D-dimer concentration at the 3rd, 7th days after operation was respectively (351.00 +/- 104.34), (412.31 +/- 106.95) microg/ml; and in postoperative group, the item was respective (419.34 +/- 145.38), (509.16 +/- 146.05) microg/ml; serum D-dimer concentration in ultra-early group was lower than postoperative group (P < 0.05). There was no significant differences in serum D-dimer concentration at the 14th day after operation between two groups (P > 0.05). Incidence of DVT in postoperative group was 22.5%, which was higher than that of ultra-early group at the 14th day after operation (P < 0.05). There was no significant differences at the 3rd day after operation between two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompared with postoperative application with IPC, ultra-early application with IPC could reduce the level of serum-dimer and the incidence of DVT without increase perioperative blood of intertrochanteric fracture in elder patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; analysis ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Devices ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Time Factors ; Venous Thrombosis ; prevention & control

Objective:To evaluate the the diagnostic and prognostic value of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen(pre-CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9(pre-CA19-9) in colorectal cancer.Methods:382 colorectal carcinoma patients were analyzed retrospectively,who come from Beijing Hospital between June 2008 and June 2011.The clinical and histopathologic data such as age,sex,location of tumor,depth of tumor(T),lymph node metastasis(N),stage,and preoperative serum levels of CEA and CA 19-9 and prognosis were obtained.Results:The positive rate of pre-CEA,pre-CA19-9 and joint detection were 42.9％,18.6％ and 48.4％ respectively.The elevation of pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 were significantly associated with depth of tumor,lymph node metastasis,perineural invasion,and stage (P＜0.05).Univariate analysis showed that the predictors of survival were the elevation of pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 (P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the elevation of pre-CA19-9 and TNM were independent prognosis factors (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 have diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with colorectal cancer.Joint detection can increase the positive rate.Pre-CA19-9 was independent prognosis factors.

Objective To analyze the maternal mortality in Sichuan province from 2015 to 2016 for the purpose of providing reference for the department of health and family planning,medical and health care institutions to take measures to reduce maternal mortality.Methods The death assessment panel reviewed 163 cases of maternal mortality data in Sichuan province from 2015 to 2016 in accordance with "twelve grid method" of the World Health Organization(WHO).The findings were descriptively analyzed.Results Provincial level had completed 163 cases of maternal death review,and it suggested that obstetric hemorrhage,pregnancy induced hypertension,venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism,heart disease,amniotic fluid embolism were the five leading causes of maternal mortality in Sichuan province.Among the 163 evaluated death cases,death could be avoided in 124 cases(76.07％) and death was unavoidable in 39 cases(23.93 ％).According to the first influencing factors,among 124 cases of avoidable deaths in medical records,the death of 67 cases(54.03％) was caused by medical staff knowledge and skills,ranking first,including the county(37.90％) and township(5.65％);the death of 57 cases was caused by the personal family,accounting for 45.97％.Conclusion It's important for the reduction of maternal mortality in Sichuan province to strengthen standardized management of high-risk pregnant women,ensure the timely supply of blood resources in remote areas,and enhance the training of emergency medical knowledge for obstetric medical personnel.

OBJECTIVETo examine the association between CD133 expression and invasion of gastric cancer, and to elucidate whether CD133 can promote the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

METHODSThe CD133(+) and CD133(-) KATO-III( cells were sorted by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). The invasion ability was detected by Transwell method. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of EMT-related factors in KATO-III( cells before and after CD133 was knocked out by siRNA method. The expressions of CD133 and EMT-related proteins of cancer and adjacent normal tissues in 50 patients with gastric cancer were detected by Western blot, and correlations among protein expressions were also analyzed.

RESULTSAs compared to CD133(-) cells, the number of broken-membrane cells was significantly higher (67.7±10.5 vs. 13.3±6.8, P=0.001) and the invasion ability was stronger (P<0.05) in CD133(+) cells, while the mRNA expression levels of Snail and N-cadherin were significantly higher in CD133(+) cells (0.311±0.015 vs. 0.223±0.016, P=0.040; 0.581±0.020 vs. 0.270±0.018,P=0.004), and the protein expression levels of Snail and N-cadherin were significantly higher in CD133(+) cells as well (0.513±0.015 vs. 0.179±0.023, P=0.030; 0.538±0.028 vs. 0.202±0.032, P=0.020), but E-cadherin mRNA and protein levels were significantly lower in CD133(+) cells (0.231±0.009 vs. 0.460±0.015, P=0.040; 0.426±0.030 vs. 0.748±0.027, P=0.040). After CD133 knock-out, the expressions of Snail and N-cadherin were down-regulated (P<0.05) and the expression of E-cadherin was up-regulated (P<0.05). As compared to normal mucosal tissues, the protein expression levels of Snail, N-cadherin and CD133 in gastric cancer tissues were significantly higher(0.635±0.119 vs. 0.485±0.116, P=0.029; 0.599±0.114 vs. 0.259±0.108, P=0.020; 0.754±0.154 vs. 0.329±0.134, P=0.001), while the protein expression of E-cadherin in gastric cancer tissues was lower (0.378±0.123 vs. 0.752±0.156, P=0.003). The protein expressions of Snail and N-cadherin were positively correlated with CD133 expression (r=0.278, P=0.048; r=0.406, P=0.003) and the protein expression of E-cadherin was negatively correlated with CD133 expression (r=-0.504, P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONCD133(+) cells in primary lesion of gastric cancer have relatively higher invasion ability, which may promote the metastasis of gastric cancer via up-regulation of EMT-related factors.

AC133 Antigen ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Female ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Peptides ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo analyse the echinacoside and acteoside content of Cistanche tubulosa, collected from different hosts and different size of the cultivated, which is compared to the wilding by RP-HPLC method.

METHODAn Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18(4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) column was used and a mixture of methanol-acetonitrile-1% acetic acid (15:10:75) was used as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 30 degrees C and the UV detection wavelength was 334 nm.

RESULTThe calibration curves of echinacoside and acteoside were in good linearity over the range of 0.904-9.04 microg (r = 0.999 9), and 1.27-12.7 microg (r = 0.999 9) respectively and the average recoveries of echinacoside (and acteoside) were 98.9% (n = 5, RSD 1.9%), and 97.0% (n = 5, RSD 0.97%).

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple, quick, acurate. In all of the samples, the contents of echinacoside is markedly more than that of acteoside, the content of the two active component in the wilding is higher than that in the planting. The content of sample in the different sizes gradually increase from the big to the small, and the contents of samples collected from the different hosts vary markedly. These results are useful for the quality evaluation of medicinal materials of C. tubulosa.

Breeding ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Cistanche ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; physiology ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Glycosides ; analysis ; Host-Parasite Interactions ; Phenols ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; physiology ; Tamaricaceae ; classification ; parasitology

OBJECTIVETo observe the exercise single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging of patients with myocardial bridge and assess the association between myocardial ischemia and extent of myocardial systolic compression.

METHODSSeventeen patients with myocardial bridge diagnosed by coronary angiogram were included and underwent exercise SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging.

RESULTSAbnormal SPECT perfusion imaging was evidenced in 12 out of 17 patients with myocardial bridge (2 out of 6 patients with systolic compression induced stenosis < 50%, 3 out of 4 patients with systolic compression induced stenosis between 50% - 75% and 7 out of 7 patients with the systolic compression induced stenosis between 75% - 100%).

CONCLUSIONExercise stress SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging could detect myocardial ischemia in patients with myocardial bridge and abnormal perfusion is positively related to the extent of systolic compression induced stenosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Coronary Angiography ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Heart ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Bridging ; diagnostic imaging ; Myocardium ; Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; methods