Objective To establish the role of hypothalamic neuroendocrine nuclei in neuroimmunomodulation,peripheral immune challenge\|linduced changes of immune cytokine receptor expression in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(PVN) and supraotic nucleus(SON) were studied. Methods Following LPS or SEB was administered intraperitoneally,the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) of splenic cells and IL\|1 receptor type Ⅰ in PVN and SON were observed by using immunocytochemistry.Double fluorescent labeling technique was used to determine the relationship of IL\|1 receptor type Ⅰ co\|expressions with arginine vasopressin or oxytocin. Results 1.Compared with the controls,the expression of PCNA of mouse splenic cells was significantly enhanced by LPS or SEB ( P

Objective To study the influencing elements in x-Gal staining method and optimize the reactive conditions so that nonspecific background can be eliminated and grafted exogenous cells carrying LacZ gene can be discerned correctly. Methods C17 2 cells (carrying lzcZ gene) were injected into the right lateral ventricle both in the adult and newborn animals. After one week they were perfused using two methods, then the slices were stained at different pH and incubating time respectively. The X-gal positive cells in hippocampus were counted under light microscope. Results Background staining in this method has close correlation with the species and age of the host animals and it decreases when pH is higher or incubating time is shorter. The results are the best when pH 9 5 and the incubating time is 1*!h.Conclusion The reliability of X-gal staining method depends on optimization of several parameters, including pH, incubating time, perfusion etc. It is necessary to establish the correspondent controls.;

Background and purpose:Both nature killer cells(NK)and cytoxic T lymphocytes in the body tissues of human are the dominant components of cellular immunity,This study was done to explore the degree of infiltration of NK/T in lung squamous cell carcinoma and its relation to patient survival and prognosis.Methods: CCD8 as the markers cytoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)and CD56 as the markers natural killer(NK)were stained immunohistochemically to detect the distribution and infiltration in the lung squamous cell carcinoma specimens. Results:In 39 of 68 lung neoplasm,whose CTL infiltration was zero or mild,the five-year survival rate was 18%, while in 29 with marked CTL infiltration,the five-year survival rate was 42%.In 46 of 68 lung neoplasm,whose NK infiltration was zero or mild,the five-year survival rate was 14%,while in 22 with marked NK infiltration,the five-year survival rate was 45%.In 48 of 68 lung neoplasm,both the NK and T cells were zero or mild,the five-year survival rate was 33%,while in 20 with marked NK and T cell infiltration,the five-year survival rate was 54%.The five-year survival difference among the patients with NK,T infiltration either marked or zero/mild infiltration were significant(x~2=18.62, P=0.00).Conclusions:The degree of NK and T infiltration is positively correlated with the prognosis and survival time of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients.

It has been found by Ju('81)that HRP could be anterogradely transported forlong distances.Based on this fact the rate of anterograde transport was investigatedin the present study,and,at the same time,the rate of retrograde transport and thetime of disappearance of HRP from the labeled sites were observed.Twenty tworabbits,weighing 2～2.2 kg,were used.The HRP was injected into the lower lumbarspinal cord unilaterally.The animals were sacrificed after 12 hours to 7 days andwere processed with benzidine and o-dianisidine.The anterogade labeling in the dorsalaccessory olivary nucleus and the retrograde labeling in the red nucleus and thenucleus raphe pallidus were chosen for study.It was quite unexpected to find that the anterograde and retrograde labelingsparalled each other in time as well as in intensity.They appeared at the same timeand waxed and waned practically in full accord.Labeling of the brainstem firstappeared at 18 hour's survival,reached its peak at the 2nd day,and then graduallyfaded away till at the 7th day when only traces of labeling remained.In the casewhich showed the earliest labeling the distance between the injection site and theobex,which was at about the same level as the most densely labeled parts of thedorsal accessory olivary nucleus and nucleus raphe pallidus,was measured to be 265mm and the rate of transport,the same for anterograde and retrograde transports,was calculated to be more than 350mm per day.Counting from the time of theearliest labeling,HRP was found to remain at the labeled site for as long as 5～6 days.The period of net accumulation of HRP at the labeled sites was about 1 day.Thus,the best survival period would be roughly the time required for HRP to travel thefiber tract plus 1 day.Neurons of the red nucleus and the nucleus raphe pallidus differ greatly intheir morphology,physiology as well as biochemistry.The results in them however,were similar.This,in connection with observations on other nuclei,both anterogr-adely and retrogradely labeled,suggests that the rate of transport and the duration ofpreservation of HRP in the central nervous system are basically the same in differentneuronal systems.

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of bioactive glass (BG) on the dentin bond strength and the microleakage of hybrid layer. METHODS: In the study, 30 dentin planes were prepared from the third molars with no caries and equally assigned to the control group, BG group, and sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP)-polyacrylic acid (PAA)-BG group (S-P-BG group), randomly. After etched with 35% phosphoric acid, the dentin planes of BG group were pretreated with 0.5 g/L BG, and the dentin planes of S-P-BG group were pretreated with 5% STMP, 5% PAA and 0.5 g/L BG. No additional pretreatment was done to the dentin planes of control group. Then the dentin planes were bonded using 3M Single Bond 2 adhesive to 3M Z350XT composite resin, and cut into 0.9 mm×0.9 mm column samples, which were stored at 37 ℃ artificial saliva (AS). After 24 hours, 1 month, and 3 months, the microtensile bond strength test was performed. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD method. The morphology of the bond fracture interface was observed with scanning electron microscope. Other 27 teeth were collected and the enamel layer and roots cut off, with the pulp chamber exposed. 0.1% rhodamine B was added to the 3M Single Bond 2 adhesive, and then the adhesive was applied to complete the bonding procedures as above. The teeth were stored in 37 ℃ AS for 24 hours, 1 month, 3 months, and then 0.1% sodium fluorescein solution was placed in the chambers and stained for 1 hour. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to observe the interface morphology and microleakage of the hybrid layer. RESULTS: At the end of 24 hours and 1 month, there was no significant difference in the microtensile bond strength among the three groups (P>0.05). After 3 months of soaking, the S-P-BG group [(36.91±7.07) MPa] had significantly higher microtensile bond strength than the control group [(32.73±8.06) MPa] (P=0.026); For the control group and the BG group, the microtensile bond strength significantly decreased at the end of 3 months compared with 24 hours (control group: P=0.017, BG group: P=0.01); The microtensile bond strength of S-P-BG group af the end of 3 months had no significant difference in compared with 24 hours [(37.99±7.98) MPa] (P>0.05). Observation of the fracture surface at the 24 hours showed no obvious mineralization in all the three groups. After 1 and 3 months, mineral formation was observed in BG group and S-P-BG group, and no obvious collagen exposure was observed in S-P-BG group. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed no obvious differences in the morphology and quantity of the resin tag in the control group, BG group and S-P-BG group. At the end of 24 hours, leakage was found in all the three groups. The microleakage of the control group increased at the end of 3 months, while the microleakage of the BG and S-P-BG groups decreased. CONCLUSION BG pretreatment of dentin bonding interface can induce mineralization at the bonding interface and reduce the microleakage of the hybrid layer; pretreating the dentin bonding interface with STMP, PAA and BG may enhance the maintaining of the dentin bonding durability.
Dentin ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Glass ; Resin Cements ; Tensile Strength

Objective To study the expressions of IL-1 receptor type Ⅰ(IL-1RI) mRNA and IL-1? protein in the rat carotid body. Methods In situ hybridization,immunofluorescence double staining and Western blotting methods were used. Results The result of in situ hybridization showed that the positive signal of IL-1? mRNA was mainly located in the glomus cells of the carotid body.The result of immunofluorescence double staining showed that IL-1? protein also expressed in the glomus cells of the organ.The Western blotting proved that the IL-1? immunoreactive band appeared at 18kD,consistent with the molecular weight of the cytokine.Conclusion The glomus cells of the rat carotid body not only express IL-1RI mRNA,but also IL-1?.

Adult ; Creatine Kinase, MB Form ; metabolism ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Insulin ; therapeutic use ; Isoflavones ; therapeutic use ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Male ; Myocarditis ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Myocardium ; enzymology ; pathology ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Treatment Outcome ; Vasodilator Agents ; therapeutic use

To observe the therapeutic effect of Nitazoxanide(NTZ) on dogs infected with Giardia canis trophozoites.Eight dogs were infected with Giardia canis trophozoites and divided into four groups rondomly,G1:2 dogs treated with Nitazoxanide at a single dose of 1 mg/kg body weight;G2:2 dogs treated with NTZ at a single dose of 2 mg/kg;G3:2 dogs treated with NTZ at a single dose of 41 mg/kg;G4:2 dogs treated without drugs as control.All groups were examined for Giardia canis cysts by Zinc Sulfate Flotation.Each group was subjected to collect stool per day and counted cysts.The results of G2 and G3 were negative after 1th day.G1 were negative after 4th days.The results indicated that NTZ at a dose of 2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg in dogs had a faourable effect on the dogs infected with Giardia canis.

Objective The present study was to differentiate the hyperdensities on CT immediately after intra-arterial thrombolysis in patients with acute isehemic stroke.Methods Twenty two patients with acute ischemic stroke were treated with intra-arterial combining with intravenous thrombolysis within 6 hours after onset.All patients underwent nonenhaneed CT scans before,immediately and 24 hours after thrombolytic therapy.The hyperdensities on CT after intra-arterial thrombolysis were analyzed retrospectively.Results Five hyperdense areas were seen in 22 patients immediately after thrombolytie therapy.According to their locations, CT values and follow-up CT scans,the hyperdensities on CT imaging were classified into two groups:contrast enhancement and hemorrhagic transformation.The former was characterized by rapid clearance of the hyperdensity lesion with maximum Hounsifild Unit＜90,on the contrary,the latter was noted by persistence of hyperdensity lesion after 24 hours CT scan with maximum Hounsifild Unit＞90.Two of the five hyperdense lesion patients were confirmed to be contrast enhancement with location in cerebral cortex,the other were hemorrhagic transformation,mostly located in basal ganglia.Hyperdensity in patients with contrast enhancement showed neurological improvement although no further medical cares were offered.Conclusions Different kind of hyperdensity on CT immediately after intra-arterial thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke can be differentiated according to its location,CT value and follow-up CT scan.When contrast enhancement occurred,no further medical care is needed.