Objective To evaluate the nse of CT angiography in the diagnosis of hemoptysis and guiding the treatment of it with 64-slice spiral CT.Methods Twenty-two patients with repeated and massive hemoptysis underwent chest CT angiography.Results The blood supply of hemoptysis was nonbronchial systemic arteries in 3 patients,single or multiple bronchial arteries in 15 patients,mixed arteries of nonbronchial systemic and bronchial arteries in 3 patients and abnormal systemic arteries in 1 patient.Conclusion With 64-slice spiral CT,CT angiography provided useful information for the treatment of hemoptysis by guiding bronchial arterial embolization.

Extraction is the critical link during pharmaceutical process of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is directly related to the quality of drugs. So the key to technology upgrading of pharmaceutical equipment in Chinese materia medica enterprise is the development of new extraction techniques, which concerns the modernization of TCM. In this paper, fundamentals, traits, and development status of new extraction technologies were firstly introduced, including ultrasound extraction, microwave extraction, super fluid extraction, semi-bionic extraction method, enzymatic treatment extraction, continuous countercurrent extraction, vacuum extraction. Then information of projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China was analyzed in order to recognize the assistance and research results of new extraction techniques. The patents authorized by the State Intellectual Property Office were also summarized for the purpose of understanding the achievement transformation. The information about extraction equipments was collected and screened to acquire the characteristics and market situation. The results showed that there are still problems about new extraction technologies, such as weak basic study, hard transformation of achievements, and the disconnection between research study and practical application. It is necessary to discuss the approaches and methods for accelerating the transformation of fundamental research, which will provide references for the long-term development of new extraction techniques of TCM.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; economics ; methods ; trends ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; economics ; isolation & purification ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; trends ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Translational Medical Research ; trends

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effects of ultra-early application with intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) in preventing postoperative lower limbs deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of intertrochanteric fractures in elder patients.

METHODSFrom May 2008 to May 2010, 80 patients with intertrochanteric fractures were randomly divided into ultra-early group and postoperative group. In ultra-early group, there were 21 males and 19 females, ranging in age from 67 to 86 years with an average of (76.4 +/- 13.27) years; in postoperative group, there were 26 males and 14 females, ranging in age from 68 to 89 years with an average age (75.8 +/- 12.71) years. IPC was respectively used at the 3rd day before operation (ultra-early group) and postoperative that day (postoperative group). Serum D-dimer of all the patients were measured at the 3rd day before operation and at the 3rd, 7th,14th days after operation. Lower limbs DVT were observed by ultrasound at the 3rd, 14th days postoperatively. Perioperative bleeding volume of patients were compared between two groups.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in the serum D-dimer concentration and lower limbs DVT between two groups at the 3rd day before operation (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in perioperative bleeding volume between two groups (P > 0.05). In ultra-early group, Serum D-dimer concentration at the 3rd, 7th days after operation was respectively (351.00 +/- 104.34), (412.31 +/- 106.95) microg/ml; and in postoperative group, the item was respective (419.34 +/- 145.38), (509.16 +/- 146.05) microg/ml; serum D-dimer concentration in ultra-early group was lower than postoperative group (P < 0.05). There was no significant differences in serum D-dimer concentration at the 14th day after operation between two groups (P > 0.05). Incidence of DVT in postoperative group was 22.5%, which was higher than that of ultra-early group at the 14th day after operation (P < 0.05). There was no significant differences at the 3rd day after operation between two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompared with postoperative application with IPC, ultra-early application with IPC could reduce the level of serum-dimer and the incidence of DVT without increase perioperative blood of intertrochanteric fracture in elder patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; analysis ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Devices ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Time Factors ; Venous Thrombosis ; prevention & control

Objective:To evaluate the the diagnostic and prognostic value of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen(pre-CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9(pre-CA19-9) in colorectal cancer.Methods:382 colorectal carcinoma patients were analyzed retrospectively,who come from Beijing Hospital between June 2008 and June 2011.The clinical and histopathologic data such as age,sex,location of tumor,depth of tumor(T),lymph node metastasis(N),stage,and preoperative serum levels of CEA and CA 19-9 and prognosis were obtained.Results:The positive rate of pre-CEA,pre-CA19-9 and joint detection were 42.9％,18.6％ and 48.4％ respectively.The elevation of pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 were significantly associated with depth of tumor,lymph node metastasis,perineural invasion,and stage (P＜0.05).Univariate analysis showed that the predictors of survival were the elevation of pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 (P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the elevation of pre-CA19-9 and TNM were independent prognosis factors (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 have diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with colorectal cancer.Joint detection can increase the positive rate.Pre-CA19-9 was independent prognosis factors.

Objective To analyze the maternal mortality in Sichuan province from 2015 to 2016 for the purpose of providing reference for the department of health and family planning,medical and health care institutions to take measures to reduce maternal mortality.Methods The death assessment panel reviewed 163 cases of maternal mortality data in Sichuan province from 2015 to 2016 in accordance with "twelve grid method" of the World Health Organization(WHO).The findings were descriptively analyzed.Results Provincial level had completed 163 cases of maternal death review,and it suggested that obstetric hemorrhage,pregnancy induced hypertension,venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism,heart disease,amniotic fluid embolism were the five leading causes of maternal mortality in Sichuan province.Among the 163 evaluated death cases,death could be avoided in 124 cases(76.07％) and death was unavoidable in 39 cases(23.93 ％).According to the first influencing factors,among 124 cases of avoidable deaths in medical records,the death of 67 cases(54.03％) was caused by medical staff knowledge and skills,ranking first,including the county(37.90％) and township(5.65％);the death of 57 cases was caused by the personal family,accounting for 45.97％.Conclusion It's important for the reduction of maternal mortality in Sichuan province to strengthen standardized management of high-risk pregnant women,ensure the timely supply of blood resources in remote areas,and enhance the training of emergency medical knowledge for obstetric medical personnel.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) on cultured hippocampal neuron and its intracellular mechanism. METHODS: The hippocampal neurons were dissociated from E18 rats and cultured in neurobasal medium, and then the cells were treated with proBDNF, preBDNF(propeptide of proBDNF) and proBDNF antiserum,respectively. Thirty minutes, 1 hour or 48 hours later, the cells were stained with Nissl solution, and the immunocytochemistry methods of ELK-p (Ets domain protein), ErK2(extracellular signal regulated kinase) and c-fos were performed. RESULTS: The expressions of ELK-p, ErK and c-fos were significantly upregulated in the cultured hippocampal neurons after they were treated with proBDNF protein,and the immuno-positive staining was also obvious in some nuclei. While the endogenous proBDNF was neutralized by proBDNF antiserum treatment, the expressions of ELK-p, ErK and c-fos were downregulated and many cells showed swelling and vasoculation. The immunoreactivity in preBDNF treated cells was similar to that in normal cultured cells. CONCLUSION proBDNF plays an important role in sustaining the hippocampal neuron survival through upregulating the ELK and ErK pathways.
Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; pharmacology ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Neurons ; cytology ; metabolism ; Protein Precursors ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; metabolism ; Rats ; Signal Transduction

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Nucleotides ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Polyethylene Glycols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Recombinant Proteins ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in proliferation, invasiveness, clone sphere formation and chemosensitivity of human gastric cancer cell lines of KATO-III CD133(+) cells transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against CD133 gene.

METHODSCD133(+) cells of KATO-III cell lines were isolated by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). CD133 siRNA was designed and synthesized, and then transfected into KATO-III CD133(+) cells. Cell fluorescence counting under confocal laser scanning microscope was used to determine the transfection efficiency after transfection with the CD133 FITC-siRNA. The knock-down effect of the CD133 gene and expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related factors were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Cell counting kit-8 assay (CCK-8), transwell chamber and colony sphere forming assay were performed to measure the variation of cell proliferative, invasive, colony formation viability and chemosensitivity to 5-FU after the above-mentioned treatment.

RESULTSThe transfection efficiency was (87.7±8.1)%. The CD133 mRNA and protein expression levels in the interference group were lower than those in negative control group. Twenty-four, 48 and 72 hours after transfection, cells proliferation activity was significantly inhibited in the interference group compared with negative control group, (all P<0.01). Seventy-two hours after transfection, compared with negative control group, cells proliferation activity was reduced by (52.1±8.0)%. The invasive cell number reduced (41.7±6.0 vs. 130.3±11.0, P<0.05) and clone formation rate decreased significantly [(24.3±4.3)% vs. (45.1±6.4)%, P<0.01] in the interference group. EMT-related gene E-cadherin protein expression increased, while the Snail and N-cadherin protein expression reduced in the interference group (all P<0.01). The cells sensitivity to 5-FU was significantly enhanced in the interference group, and the cell inhibition rate of 5-Fu was (62.4±3.3)%, higher than that in negative control group [(21.5±2.2)%, P<0.01].

CONCLUSIONSThe expression of CD133 gene plays an important role in cell proliferation, invasiveness, colony formation and resistance to chemotherapy of KATO-III CD133(+) gastric cancer cells. It suggests that CD133 can be used as one of surface markers for detection of gastric cancer stem cells. Inhibition of CD133 expression may be a promising way for gastric cancer biotherapy.

AC133 Antigen ; Antigens, CD ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; Glycoproteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Peptides ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the complications of CO2 laser surgery in the treatment of laryngeal carcinoma, to analyze related factors and to propose preventive measures.

METHODSRetrospective analysis of 912 cases of laryngeal carcinoma (35 cases of supraglottic cancer and 877 cases of glottic cancer) treated only with laser surgery in Tongren Hospital was carried out. Among the glottic cancer, carcinoma in situ (Tis), T1, T2 and T3 were 53, 659, 158 and 7 cases. The follow-up period ranged from 2 to 18 years, with a median follow-up time of 9.3 years.

RESULTSOf 912 cases, 824 cases were still alive, 29 cases failed to be followed-up (taken into dead number), and 59 cases were dead. The recurrent rate was 9.4% (86/912). Three year survival rate was 95.6% (775/811) and five year survival rate was 87.9% (518/589). The incidence of surgery complications was 9.1% (83/912). Incidence of complications in supraglottic carcinoma and glottic carcinoma were 17.1%(6/35) and 8.8% (77/877), respectively, with no difference between the two groups (χ(2) = 2.85, P > 0.05). Incidence of complications of Tis, T1, T2 and T3 cases of glottic cancer were 5.7%(3/53), 7.8% (51/659), 13.3% (21/158) and 28.6% (2/7) respectively, with significant difference (χ(2) = 8.97, P < 0.05). Incidence of complications of glottic carcinoma with and without anterior commissure incision were 12.8%(31/242) and 7.2%(46/635) respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (χ(2) = 6.78, P < 0.05). Incidence of complications in the patients underwent type II, III, IV, V cordectomy were 3.8% (4/105), 7.0% (20/287), 9.7% (22/226) and 12.0% (31/259) respectively, with significant difference (χ(2) = 7.96, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere are some potential risks and complications intra- and post-operatively, according to the sites and extent of the primary tumors and the range and depth of removed tissues. It needs to take active preventive measures to reduce the incidence of complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Laser Therapy ; adverse effects ; Lasers, Gas ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Retrospective Studies