Objective To evaluate the nse of CT angiography in the diagnosis of hemoptysis and guiding the treatment of it with 64-slice spiral CT.Methods Twenty-two patients with repeated and massive hemoptysis underwent chest CT angiography.Results The blood supply of hemoptysis was nonbronchial systemic arteries in 3 patients,single or multiple bronchial arteries in 15 patients,mixed arteries of nonbronchial systemic and bronchial arteries in 3 patients and abnormal systemic arteries in 1 patient.Conclusion With 64-slice spiral CT,CT angiography provided useful information for the treatment of hemoptysis by guiding bronchial arterial embolization.

Extraction is the critical link during pharmaceutical process of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is directly related to the quality of drugs. So the key to technology upgrading of pharmaceutical equipment in Chinese materia medica enterprise is the development of new extraction techniques, which concerns the modernization of TCM. In this paper, fundamentals, traits, and development status of new extraction technologies were firstly introduced, including ultrasound extraction, microwave extraction, super fluid extraction, semi-bionic extraction method, enzymatic treatment extraction, continuous countercurrent extraction, vacuum extraction. Then information of projects supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China was analyzed in order to recognize the assistance and research results of new extraction techniques. The patents authorized by the State Intellectual Property Office were also summarized for the purpose of understanding the achievement transformation. The information about extraction equipments was collected and screened to acquire the characteristics and market situation. The results showed that there are still problems about new extraction technologies, such as weak basic study, hard transformation of achievements, and the disconnection between research study and practical application. It is necessary to discuss the approaches and methods for accelerating the transformation of fundamental research, which will provide references for the long-term development of new extraction techniques of TCM.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; economics ; methods ; trends ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; economics ; isolation & purification ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; trends ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Translational Medical Research ; trends

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effects of ultra-early application with intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) in preventing postoperative lower limbs deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of intertrochanteric fractures in elder patients.

METHODSFrom May 2008 to May 2010, 80 patients with intertrochanteric fractures were randomly divided into ultra-early group and postoperative group. In ultra-early group, there were 21 males and 19 females, ranging in age from 67 to 86 years with an average of (76.4 +/- 13.27) years; in postoperative group, there were 26 males and 14 females, ranging in age from 68 to 89 years with an average age (75.8 +/- 12.71) years. IPC was respectively used at the 3rd day before operation (ultra-early group) and postoperative that day (postoperative group). Serum D-dimer of all the patients were measured at the 3rd day before operation and at the 3rd, 7th,14th days after operation. Lower limbs DVT were observed by ultrasound at the 3rd, 14th days postoperatively. Perioperative bleeding volume of patients were compared between two groups.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in the serum D-dimer concentration and lower limbs DVT between two groups at the 3rd day before operation (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in perioperative bleeding volume between two groups (P > 0.05). In ultra-early group, Serum D-dimer concentration at the 3rd, 7th days after operation was respectively (351.00 +/- 104.34), (412.31 +/- 106.95) microg/ml; and in postoperative group, the item was respective (419.34 +/- 145.38), (509.16 +/- 146.05) microg/ml; serum D-dimer concentration in ultra-early group was lower than postoperative group (P < 0.05). There was no significant differences in serum D-dimer concentration at the 14th day after operation between two groups (P > 0.05). Incidence of DVT in postoperative group was 22.5%, which was higher than that of ultra-early group at the 14th day after operation (P < 0.05). There was no significant differences at the 3rd day after operation between two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCompared with postoperative application with IPC, ultra-early application with IPC could reduce the level of serum-dimer and the incidence of DVT without increase perioperative blood of intertrochanteric fracture in elder patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; analysis ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Devices ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Time Factors ; Venous Thrombosis ; prevention & control

Objective To analyze the maternal mortality in Sichuan province from 2015 to 2016 for the purpose of providing reference for the department of health and family planning,medical and health care institutions to take measures to reduce maternal mortality.Methods The death assessment panel reviewed 163 cases of maternal mortality data in Sichuan province from 2015 to 2016 in accordance with "twelve grid method" of the World Health Organization(WHO).The findings were descriptively analyzed.Results Provincial level had completed 163 cases of maternal death review,and it suggested that obstetric hemorrhage,pregnancy induced hypertension,venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism,heart disease,amniotic fluid embolism were the five leading causes of maternal mortality in Sichuan province.Among the 163 evaluated death cases,death could be avoided in 124 cases(76.07％) and death was unavoidable in 39 cases(23.93 ％).According to the first influencing factors,among 124 cases of avoidable deaths in medical records,the death of 67 cases(54.03％) was caused by medical staff knowledge and skills,ranking first,including the county(37.90％) and township(5.65％);the death of 57 cases was caused by the personal family,accounting for 45.97％.Conclusion It's important for the reduction of maternal mortality in Sichuan province to strengthen standardized management of high-risk pregnant women,ensure the timely supply of blood resources in remote areas,and enhance the training of emergency medical knowledge for obstetric medical personnel.

Objective:To evaluate the the diagnostic and prognostic value of preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen(pre-CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9(pre-CA19-9) in colorectal cancer.Methods:382 colorectal carcinoma patients were analyzed retrospectively,who come from Beijing Hospital between June 2008 and June 2011.The clinical and histopathologic data such as age,sex,location of tumor,depth of tumor(T),lymph node metastasis(N),stage,and preoperative serum levels of CEA and CA 19-9 and prognosis were obtained.Results:The positive rate of pre-CEA,pre-CA19-9 and joint detection were 42.9％,18.6％ and 48.4％ respectively.The elevation of pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 were significantly associated with depth of tumor,lymph node metastasis,perineural invasion,and stage (P＜0.05).Univariate analysis showed that the predictors of survival were the elevation of pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 (P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the elevation of pre-CA19-9 and TNM were independent prognosis factors (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The pre-CEA and pre-CA19-9 have diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with colorectal cancer.Joint detection can increase the positive rate.Pre-CA19-9 was independent prognosis factors.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) on cultured hippocampal neuron and its intracellular mechanism. METHODS: The hippocampal neurons were dissociated from E18 rats and cultured in neurobasal medium, and then the cells were treated with proBDNF, preBDNF(propeptide of proBDNF) and proBDNF antiserum,respectively. Thirty minutes, 1 hour or 48 hours later, the cells were stained with Nissl solution, and the immunocytochemistry methods of ELK-p (Ets domain protein), ErK2(extracellular signal regulated kinase) and c-fos were performed. RESULTS: The expressions of ELK-p, ErK and c-fos were significantly upregulated in the cultured hippocampal neurons after they were treated with proBDNF protein,and the immuno-positive staining was also obvious in some nuclei. While the endogenous proBDNF was neutralized by proBDNF antiserum treatment, the expressions of ELK-p, ErK and c-fos were downregulated and many cells showed swelling and vasoculation. The immunoreactivity in preBDNF treated cells was similar to that in normal cultured cells. CONCLUSION proBDNF plays an important role in sustaining the hippocampal neuron survival through upregulating the ELK and ErK pathways.
Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; pharmacology ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Neurons ; cytology ; metabolism ; Protein Precursors ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; metabolism ; Rats ; Signal Transduction

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Nucleotides ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Polyethylene Glycols ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Recombinant Proteins ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDThe prognostic power of n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in sepsis is disputable and unstable among different models. We attempt to evaluate the prognostic potential of NT-proBNP in combination with the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score in sepsis.

METHODSIn this retrospective study, 100 consecutive sepsis patients were enrolled. Clinical data such as admission SOFA, the Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation score, shock prevalence, use of lung protective ventilation, vasopressors, and glucocorticoids were recorded. Additionally, serum creatinine (Scr1 and Scr3) and NT-proBNP (NT-proBNP1 and NT-proBNP3) were assayed and evaluated at admission and on day 3 respectively.

RESULTSDNT-proBNP (NT-proBNP3 minus NT-proBNP1) (P < 0.001, Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.245, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.137 - 1.362) and admission SOFA (P < 0.001, HR = 1.197, 95%CI, 1.106 - 1.295) were independently related to in-hospital mortality. Their combination was a more robust predictor for in-hospital mortality than either of them individually. Patients with high DNT-proBNP and SOFA had the poorest prognosis.

CONCLUSIONSIn our study, both DNT-proBNP and SOFA were independent predictors of septic patients' prognosis. Moreover, the combination of DNT-proBNP and admission SOFA provided a novel strategy that contained information regarding both the response to treatment and sepsis severity.

Aged ; Creatinine ; blood ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; blood ; Organ Dysfunction Scores ; Peptide Fragments ; blood ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; blood ; mortality

OBJECTIVETo sort CD133(+) subset cells in human gastric cancer (GC) and to identify their tumor initiating cell-like properties.

METHODSThe tissues of GC and normal tissues adjacent to GC were obtained from 50 patients. Samples were stained for CD133 by immunohistochemistry. Likewise, assessments of CD133 were undertaken by Western blot. Flow cytometry was used to determine the proportion of CD133(+) cells in four GC cell lines therein the KATO-III was sorted by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) method. The growing characteristics and the tumorigenic ability of CD133(+) cells were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, the growth of single cells in suspension culture was observed and expression of stem cell-specific marker were determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSThe expression of CD133 was demonstrated on the cell membranes in the mucosa and submucosa of primary GC, which were higher than those in the normal gastric tissues adjacent to cancer (P<0.05). Four GC cell lines including KATO-III, SGC-7901, AGS and MKN-45 were found to contain (28 ± 2)%, (17 ± 2)%, (6 ± 2)%, and (4 ± 2)% of CD133(+) cells respectively. In addition, the purity of CD133(+) cells isolated from KATO-III by MACS was (91 ± 3)% and up to(95 ± 2)% after 1-week culture. CCK-8 detection showed that population doubling time of the CD133(+) cells was (21 ± 3)h, significantly shorter than that of the CD133(-) cells[(40 ± 8)h, P<0.05]. Notably, there was a remarkable difference of tumor formation rate between CD133(+) cells (100%), non-sorted cells (80%), and CD133(-) cells(0). The average mass and volume of tumor in group of CD133(+) cells was larger and heavier than those in non-sorted cells (P<0.05, P<0.05). Furthermore, the single cell proliferated well, formed the big sphere and semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed expression of stem cell markers such as Oct-4, Nanog, Sox-2, Musashi-1 and EGFR.

CONCLUSIONSCD133 protein expression in primary lesions is higher than those in the normal gastric tissues. CD133(+) subset cells can be isolated, purified, and amplified in human GC, and possess some properties including the ability of self-renewal, proliferation, and higher tumorigenic ability in vivo and can express some stem cell markers.

AC133 Antigen ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Peptides ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays