Humans ; Influenza A virus ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; virology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of free and pedicled thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flaps for repairing skin and soft tissue defects in limbs, neck, axillary and shoulder.

METHODSFrom October 2009 to Auguest 2011, 16 TDAP flaps were used to repair skin and tissue defects. Among them, five ipsilateral pedicled flaps were used to repair wounds in neck, axillary and shoulder. 11 free TDAP flaps were used to repair the wounds with bone or tendon exposure. In 12 cases, the flaps were pedicled with thoracodorsal artery and vein-lateral branches-perforators, in 4 cases, pedicled with thoracodorsal artery and vein-serratus anterior muscular branches-perforators. The deep fascia, the latissimus dorsi and thoracodorsal nerve were not included in all flaps. The flaps size ranged from 10 cm x 5 cm to 26 cm x 10 cm.

RESULTSAll 16 flaps survived completely with primary healing both at donor site and recipent area. After a follow-up of 3 to 24 months, all flaps gained good texture and appearance. Only linear scar was left at donor area. The shoulder could move freely.

CONCLUSIONSTDAP flap has good texture, long vascular pedicle,and reliable blood supply, leaving less morbidity at donor site. The latissimus dorsi and thoracodorsal nerve are also preserved. The pedicled TDAP flap is an ideal flap for repairing the ipsilateral skin and soft tissue defects of the neck, shoulder, axillary. The free TDAP flap is suited for repairing skin and soft tissue defects of the extremities.

Arteries ; Axilla ; Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Perforator Flap ; transplantation ; Surgical Flaps ; blood supply ; transplantation ; Thoracic Wall ; Wound Healing ; Wounds and Injuries ; surgery

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of nursing intervention for respiratory function exercise in patients with silicosis complicated by stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) . Methods: A total of 60 patients with silicosis complicated by stable COPD who were hospitalized in Department of Occupational Diseases, Laigang Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical College, from August 2017 to April 2018 were enrolled and randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 30 patients in each group. The patients in the control group were given routine treatment and respiratory function exercise, and those in the observation group were given nursing intervention in addition to the treatment in the control group. The two groups were compared in terms of pulmonary function, blood gas parameters, and six-minute walk distance before intervention and after 2 months of intervention. Results: After intervention, the observation group had significantly higher forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) , forced vital capacity (FVC) , arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂) , and six-minute walk distance than the control group (P<0.05) , while there were no significant differences between the two groups in FEV₁/FVC and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P>0.05) . Conclusion Nursing intervention can effectively improve FEV₁, FVC, PaO₂, and 6-minute walking distance in patients with silicosis complicated by stable COPD.

OBJECTIVEGene sequence data were clustered to explore evolution lineages of H3 antigen of influenza A virus.

METHODSAll data of H3 RNA sequence in NCBI Genbank and Influenza sequence database were downloaded and aligned in ClustalX while two step cluster method were applied to explore the data.

RESULTSAll sequences were aggregated into ten clusters, while seven of them mainly were human virus. Human virus and avian/other mammal virus were separated into different clusters distinctively, but coexisted into same clusters with swine virus. Time and host distribution were very distinctive in these clusters, but no geographic distribution features were found.

CONCLUSIONWith the interaction of human immunity system, H3 antigen mutated significantly every 5 - 7 years, and the speed of mutation had accelerated with the application of influenza vaccines in recent years. Mean while, human and swine influenza virus were not separated distinctly between clusters indicating that they had short inheritance distance. Result showed again that swine served as the mixer for antigenic recombination of different influenza virus.

Antigenic Variation ; genetics ; Antigens, Viral ; genetics ; Cluster Analysis ; Evolution, Molecular ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; genetics ; Hemagglutinins, Viral ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Influenza A virus ; genetics ; immunology ; Mutation ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVEDiffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is a chronic progressive disease of the lower respiratory tract, which is prevalent in Asian population. So far, many DPB cases have been found in adults in China. To our knowledge, no pediatric DPB case has ever been reported in China. We describe the first pediatric DPB case in Chinese literature and the second case in the English-language literature.

METHODThe clinical manifestations, characteristic imaging and histological features of this DPB case were summarized.

RESULTSThe patient was a 13-year old girl complained of chronic productive cough with wheezing. Chest auscultation revealed fine moist rales and wheezing over both lung fields. The chest X-ray showed small nodules and reticular opacities in left lower lobe. High-resolution thorax computerized tomography (HRCT) demonstrated bilateral diffuse small centrilobuler nodules and bronchial wall thickening or bronchiectasis in some parts of the lungs. Histopathological examination of transbronchial biopsy specimen revealed lymphocytes and foamy histocytes infiltrated in the walls of bronchi, respiratory bronchioles and adjacent alveoli. Lymphoid follicles were present around some bronchi. Sinus radiographs revealed sinusitis. Lung function studies showed obstruction and restriction. PaO2 was 65 mm Hg. The diagnosis of DPB was made according to the current diagnostic criteria. Low-dose erythromycin [5 - 10 mg/(kg.d)] was effective.

CONCLUSIONDPB could occur in children in China. The major diagnostic clues may include the following: (1) persistent cough, sputum, and dyspnea; (2) coexistent chronic sinusitis; (3) bilateral diffuse small nodular opacities on HRCT. Low-dose erythromycin was effective in treatment of the case with DPB.

Adult ; Bronchiolitis ; pathology ; China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; Cough ; blood ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Respiratory Function Tests ; methods ; Sputum ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Gengnianchun Recipe (GNC) on bone mineral density (BMD), bone biomechanical parameters and serum lipid level in the bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX) rats and to explore the prophylactic and therapeutic action of GNC on ovariectomy induced osteoporosis and hyperlipidemia.

METHODSOVX SD rats, 10 - 12 months old, were divided into different groups and fed with GNC 2 g/d, GNC 1 g/d and Nilestriol 0.125 mg/week, respectively for 4 months to observe the change of BMD and bone biomechanical parameters of the lumbar vertebrae, and the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and to compare the effect of the two drugs on the morphology of the uterus.

RESULTSThere was marked reduction in BMD and biomechanical parameters in lumbar vertebrae (P < 0.01) and increase of serum TC and LDL-C levels (P < 0.01) in rats after OVX. GNC or Nilestriol significantly improved the decreased BMD and biomechanical parameters of the lumbar vertebrae (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and reduced the serum TC and LDL-C levels (P < 0.01). In the Nilestriol group, the wet weight of uterus got increased obviously (P < 0.01), the number of uterine glands increased, uterine columnar epithelium thickened, and the mitotic figures in the epithelial stroma and myointimal cells augmented. But no such effect in wet weight and morphology of uterus was found in the GNC group.

CONCLUSIONGNC could increase the BMD and biomechanical parameters of the lumbar vertebrae, reduce the serum TC and LDL-C levels, yet produce no adverse reaction in stimulating proliferation and hypertrophy of uterus.

Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Density ; drug effects ; Bone and Bones ; drug effects ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Estriol ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Female ; Lipids ; blood ; Ovariectomy ; Quinestrol ; analogs & derivatives ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Uterus ; cytology ; drug effects

The discovery of high performance leading antidiabetic compounds containing sulfonamide and 4-aminophenylacetic acid moieties is reported. This was achieved by the synthesis of 6 intermediates and subsequently 20 target molecules using 4-aminophenylacetic acid as the starting materials, and through a few synthetic routes aided by multi-step reactions including sulfonylation of amino group, deacylation of amides and esterification of carboxyl group, as well as acylation of amino group. The chemical structures of the twenty-four new compounds were determined using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HR-MS techniques. Screening in vitro of their peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activation activities showed weak relative PPAR activation activities to most of the target molecules. However, 4 target molecules exhibit PPAR over 58%, and as high as 81.79% for TM2-i, presenting itself as potent leading compound for antidiabetic drugs. This research also confirms that it is probable to achieve esterification of carboxyl group and deacylation of fatty acid N-phenyl amides concurrently in SOCl2/alcohol solvent system. This provides new synthetic method for the selective reaction within molecules containing both carboxyl and N-aryl amido groups of fatty acids.
Aniline Compounds ; chemistry ; Fatty Acids ; chemistry ; Hep G2 Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Molecular Structure ; Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors ; metabolism ; Phenylacetates ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Sulfonamides ; chemistry

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the total saponins of Panaxginseng (TSPG) on cells expression of apoptosis-related genes bax and bcl-xl in HL-60 cells and its mechanism inducing apoptosis of HL-60 cells. The morphology of HL-60 cells was observed under normal and fluorescence microscopes; the percentage of apoptotic HL-60 cells was assayed by flow cytometry and the DNA ladder was observed by DNA agarose gel electrophoresis; the expression changes of bax and bcl-xl mRNAs were detected by RT-PCR after HL-60 cells were treated with TSPG at final concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 microg/ml for 48 hours. The results showed that the percentage of apoptotic HL-60 cells went up as the dose increased, the typical apoptotic cell morphology and the appearance of apoptotic DNA ladder could be observed when treated with 0 - 400 microg/ml TSPG for 48 hours. At the same time and same range of concentration, the expression of bax mRNA increased and the bcl-xl expression decreased gradually. When higher than 400 microg/ml of TSPG was used, cell necrosis appeared and the percentage of apoptotic HL-60 cells even decreased. It is concluded that the apoptosis or necrosis in HL-60 cells can be induced by TSPG at certain range of concentration, and the percentage of apoptosis is dose-dependent. The effect on up-regulation of bax mRNA and down-regulation of bcl-xl mRNA probably play an important role in apoptosis of HL-60 cells induced by TSPG.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Panax ; chemistry ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the active ingredients in the Chinese yellow wine could inhibit the proliferation and migration of rat vascular smooth muscle cells induced by homocysteine (Hcy).

METHODSThe primary culture and identification of rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) was conducted, and the VSMCs in passage 4-7 were used in the following experiments. The VSMCs were divided into 7 groups: control, Hcy (1 mmol/L), Hcy + oligosaccharide, Hcy + polypeptides, Hcy + polyphenols, Hcy + alcohol, Hcy + Chinese yellow wine and were given the corresponding treatment. The proliferation of VSMCs was determined by MTT. Transwell chambers and would healing were employed to test the migratory ability of VSMCs. Wester blot and gelatin zymography were used to investigate the expressions and activities of metal matrix proteinase 2/9 (MMP-2/9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) in VSMCs of each group.

RESULTSCompared with control group, the proliferation, migration and the expression and activity of MMP-2/9 of VSMCs were significantly increased in the VSMCs of Hcy group (P < 0.01). Compared with Hcy group, the proliferation, migration and the expression and activity of MMP-2/9 of VSMCs were significantly decreases in the VSMCs of polypeptides group, polyphenols group and Chinese yellow wine group. However, the expression of TIMP-2 among each group had no significant difference.

CONCLUSIONPolypeptides and polyphenols in the Chinese yellow wine could inhibit the proliferation and migration of VSMCs induced by Hcy.

Animals ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Homocysteine ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; drug effects ; Peptides ; chemistry ; Polyphenols ; chemistry ; Rats ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; metabolism ; Wine

OBJECTIVETo improve the accuracy of preoperative evaluation of cervical lymph node metastasis in thoracic esophageal squamous carcinoma.

METHODSForty-two patients with thoracic esophageal squamous carcinoma underwent neck ultrasonography. Enlarged lymph nodes with their long axis greater than 10 mm and a short-to-long axis ratio greater than 0.5 were considered as metastatic.

RESULTSPreoperative neck ultrasonography revealed the enlarged lymph nodes in 16 patients, but only in 5 (31%) cases the nodes were palpable. Among them 9 were classified as metastatic (cM(1-LN)), including 4 patients with palpable nodes. In 5 cM(1-LN) patients surgical intervention was canceled and the remaining 37 patients underwent trans-thoracic esophagectomy. Cervical node metastasis (pM(1-LN)) was confirmed pathologically in 6 surgical patients, 4 with tumors invading the adventitia (pT3) and the other 2 into the surrounding structure (pT(4)) (pT(1), pT(2) vs. pT(3), pT(4), P = 0.020). All 6 pM(1-LN) patients had concomitant mediastinal node metastasis and 4 of them had upper abdominal node metastasis. Statistically significant relationship was detected between cervical and abdominal nodal status (r = 0.536, P = 0.007). In comparison with the results of pathological examination and treatment response, the accuracy and sensitivity were 81% and 95% (P = 0.043), 36% and 82% (P = 0.081), respectively, for palpation and ultrasonography. Five out of 39 (13%) patients had their therapy changed due to ultrasonographic findings.

CONCLUSIONSNeck ultrasonography for cervical lymphadenopathy is of high sensitivity and accuracy, which plays an important role in the preoperative evaluation and therapeutic decision-making.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnostic imaging ; secondary ; surgery ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; secondary ; surgery ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; methods ; Lymph Nodes ; diagnostic imaging ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; diagnostic imaging ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography