OBJECTIVE:To optimize extraction technology of saponins from Paris polyphylla. METHODS:Using paris sapo-nin Ⅰ,paris saponin Ⅱand Paridis total saponin as dependent variables,using ethanol volume fraction,extraction time and sol-vent amount as independent variables,through multiple linear regression and binomial fitting,the extraction technology was opti-mized with response surface method and predicted. RESULTS:The optimized extraction technology of saponins from P. polyphylla was as follows as 10-fold of 80% ethanol,2 times reflux extraction,100 min each time. Under the extraction technology,the ex-traction rates of paris saponinⅠwere 85.4%,82.7% and 87.1%;those of paris saponinⅡwere 85.9%,81.3% and 83.6%;and those of Paridis total saponin were 89.5%,92.1% and 90.3%(all RSD<2.0%). Measured value was 0.964 9,predicted value was 0.986 0 and deviation rate was 2.14%. CONCLUSIONS:The central composite design-response surface method is simple and reliable for the optimization of extraction technology of saponins from P. polyphylla.

Objective To investigate the correlation between plasma homocysteine level and impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) patients in peripheral neuropathy.Methods 80 patients with IGT were selected according to the results of routine nerve conduction test,including 40 patients associated with peripheral neuropathy (IGT-PN),and 40 patients without peripheral neuropathy (IGT-NPN).Besides,40 healthy subjects were selected as control.Plasma homocysteine levels were measured in the three groups by enzyme rate method.The severity of neuropathy was scored and graded by the Toronto Clinical Scoring System (TCSS).Results Plasma homocysteine levels were significantly higher in the all IGT groups than those in the control group.The plasma homocysteine level in the IGT-PN group (14.2±2.7) μmol/L was significantly higher than that in the IGT-NPN group (12.3±2.6) μmol/L (P＜0.05).Regression analysis showed that plasma homocysteine level had independent effects on IGT with peripheral neuropathy.Plasma homocysteine level was positively correlated with TCSS score.Conclusions Plasma homocysteine may play an important role in the pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy in patients with IGT,and their level may be associated with the severity of peripheral neuropathy.

Objective To discuss the application of cervical lateral mass plate for the treatment of fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine. Methods From January 1998 to January 2001, internal fixation with cervical lateral mass plate and bony fusion were performed in 21 patients during posterior decompression for the treatment of fractures and dislocations of the lower cervical spine . A posterior median approach was used to expose the lateral edge of the articular process. All patients received spinal decompression and reduction according to the types of fracture and dislocation. A cervical lateral mass plate was applied in each lateral mass, a suitable bicortical screw was inserted using Magerl technique (the inserting point of the screw was 2 mm medial and superior to the center of lateral mass, the direction was 20?-25? laterally and 30?-40? cranially). Results The follow-up of all 21 cases ranged from 9 months to 3 years and 9 months (with the mean of 27 months). There were 20 cases with complete reduction of antero-posterior and rotational dislocation, and 1 case with incomplete reduction according to post-operative X-ray film. Patients could sit up with the protection by wearing soft collar 4 days (2-7 days) after the surgery. The mean off-bed time of those without spinal cord injuries or with spinal cord injuries less than Frankel C grade were 9 days (3-14 days) after operation. All cases obtained solid bony fusion 6 months postoperatively. Eighteen cases with spinal cord injury improved one ASIA grade, 2 cases without root injury obtained complete recovery eventually. No severe complications such as injuries of vertebral artery, nerve root and spinal cord or aggravation of spinal cord injury occurred. Conclusion Cervical lateral mass plate fixation has the advantages of wide indications, strong stability, short segment fixation and easily reduction. The results suggested that this technique is an efficient, reliable segmental posterior fixation.

Objective: To investigate the rule of the alignment of the major and minor segments of the maxillary alvedar bone in infants with comp lete unilateral cleft palate (CUCP).Methods: 30 models of CUCP were used in the study,Markers on the model were designed.The lenth,width, midline and the malposition of minor and major segments on both sides of the cle ft were measured and analyzed.The models of 9 normal infants were employed as th e controls.Results: In CUCP group,the width of alvelar arc h was found significantly larger ( P

Objective To explore the new feature of colorectal carcinoma attack and its clinical significance.Method The clinical data of the 261 cases of colorectal carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed in our hospital examined patients(from 1990 to 1998).Results The morbidity of colorectal carcinoma was rapid increased with time progression ,in the former four years was 28 7% ,but in the latter four years was increased to 71 3%, former four years median of attack age was 54 years,latter four years was 63 years.they had differential histological typing and clinical manifestation.Conclusion The colonoscope technique is helpful to the early differential dignosis of the colorectal carcinoma and colectal inflammatory enteropathy.

H2S,considered as the third gas transmitter besides NO and CO,has extensive biological activities.It shows great potential therapeutic use among several diseases.This review focuses on the recent research achievements on H2S and its potential therapeutic use.

Bronchi ; drug effects ; pathology ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Humans ; Mineral Fibers ; toxicity

Objective:To investigate the gene polymorphism distribution of tumor necrosis factor-beta(TNF?) with SLE patient and different race in Chinese Han population of Jiangsu province.Methods:DNA samples were extraced from 168 EDTA-blood of unrelated healthy individuals and 66 SLE patients.TNF? alleles were typed using polymerase chain reaction-restrication fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). Results:The alleles frequencies of TNF? was higher significantly in Chinese Han population than in the White race;the gene frequencies of the TNF?*2 was higher significantly in SLE patients than in the normal controls(SLE patients 67.4%,normal controls 55.1%,P

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Leukemia ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cross Infection ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Length of Stay ; Retrospective Studies