BACKGROUND: The Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES) III using the circumplex model has been widely used in investigating family function. However, the criticism of the curvilinear hypothesis of the circumplex model has always been from an empirical point of view. This study examined the relationship between adolescent adaptability, cohesion, and adolescent problem behaviors, and especially testing the consistency of the curvilinear hypotheses with FACES III. METHODS: We used the data from 398 adolescent participants who were in middle school. A self-reported questionnaire was used to evaluate the FACES III and Youth Self Report. RESULTS: According to the level of family adaptability, significant differences were evident in internalizing problems (P = 0.014). But, in externalizing problems, the results were not significant (P = 0.305). Also, according to the level of family cohesion, significant differences were in internalizing problems (P = 0.002) and externalizing problems (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: The relationship between the dimensions of adaptability, cohesion and adolescent problem behaviors was not curvilinear. In other words, adolescents with high adaptability and high cohesion showed low problem behaviors.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; Family Relations ; Humans ; Korea

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) is a pain syndrome characterized by unilateral sharp pain in the sensory distribution of the ninth cranial nerve. The first line of treatment for GPN is medical. However, it usually provides only partial relief. Pulsed radiofrequency has been proposed as safe, nondestructive treatment method. We present two cases of secondary GPN that was managed with pulsed radiofrequency by extraoral approach. The results were satisfactory.
Glossopharyngeal Nerve ; Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases* ; Neuralgia ; Pulsed Radiofrequency Treatment*