No abstract available.
Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule*

Paraffinoma is a well known complication of previous paraffin injection into the subcutaneous layer that presents as various conditions including firm mass formation, edema, induration, ulceration, and skin necrosis. Paraffinoma can mimic neoplasm on physical examination and imaging studies and may complicate ultrasonographic diagnoses due to typical posterior shadowing and high echogenicity. When paraffinomas involve around the thyroid gland, the diagnosis of thyroid tumors is very difficult. We present a case of thyroid cancer, the evaluation of which was complicated by the presence of cervical paraffinoma.
Edema ; Hydrazines ; Necrosis ; Paraffin ; Physical Examination ; Shadowing (Histology) ; Skin ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Ulcer

No abstract available.
Animals ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome* ; Rats* ; Singapore*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Heart Diseases* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Mass Screening*

No abstract available.
Anemia ; Gaucher Disease* ; Humans ; Siblings* ; Thrombocytopenia

FISH is suggested as a possible method to detect the numerical and structural abnormalities of chromosomes in interphase nucleus. We performed this study to discuss the clinical usefulness of FISH in uncultured amniocytes and to set up the cut-off value for further study. We collected amniotic fluid samples from patients whose chromosome studies were recommended due to screen positive for Down and Edword syndrome in triple marker test using maternal serum. The centromeric probe for chromosome 18 and the locus-specific probe for chromosome 21 were used and the results were compared to their karyotypes. We could find 2 cases of trisony 21 and 2 cases of trisony 18 and the other cases represented normal karyotypes. The accuracies were 91% for disomy 18, 89% for trisomy 18, 92% for disomy 21 and 88% for trisomy 21. Therefore FISH technique is a possible method to detect the chromosomal abnormalities in uncultured amniocytes and the use of locus-specific probe for chromosome 21 would be more useful for detecting the aneuploidy of chromosome 21 than 13/21 centromeric probe.
Amniotic Fluid ; Aneuploidy ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Down Syndrome* ; Female ; Fluorescence* ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization* ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Interphase ; Karyotype ; Trisomy

Nasotracheal intubation is often the method of choice in oral or maxillofacial operations. During the insertion of endotracheal tube (ETT) through nostril, a considerable damage can be inflicted on the nasal mucosa by forcing ETT into the nasal cavity, and epistaxis may occur as a result of mucosal damage even when vasoconstrictors, a lubricated tube, and careful manipulation are employed. This study was conducted to observe whether balloon dilation technique(BDT) can help to minimize the expected problems during nasotracheal tube insertion and was to tried to get a data for further studies. In 30 patients in whom the nasotracheal tube was placed, smooth passage into the nasal cavity without using BDT occurred in 9 patients(30.0%). Of 21 patients(70.0%) who were come into the use of BDT when resistance to tube insertion due to anatomical structures of the nasal cavity was encountered, epistaxis was not developed. By the above results, The BDT appers to prevent epistaxis during nasotracheal tube insertion and to make an easy and smooth passage of the tube and then it suggest that the BDT should provide a basic data and an alternative to conventional techniques for a safe and atraumatic nasotracheal intubation.
Epistaxis ; Humans ; Intubation ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Mucosa ; Vasoconstrictor Agents

Obesity-associated focal segmental glomerulosclerosis(OB-FSGS) has been known to progress into advanced renal insufficiency, and its clinicopathological features include obesity, FSGS lesions with glomerulomegaly and, nephrotic-range proteinuria without edema. A 14- year old girl with Prader-Willi syndrome showed nephrotic-range proteinuria without hypoalbuminemia or edema. The renal biopsy revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis together with glomerular hypertrophy and an increased mesangial matrix. We report here a case of OB-FSGS as one of the renal problems of Prader-Willi syndrome, and we came to the conclusion that Prader-Willi syndrome is one of the possible disease entities that can lead to renal insufficiency through obesity.
Biopsy ; Child* ; Edema ; Female ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental* ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Hypoalbuminemia ; Obesity ; Prader-Willi Syndrome* ; Proteinuria ; Renal Insufficiency

PURPOSE AND METHODS: Urinary tract infection(UTI) is one of the most important diseases of childhood, especially for young infants. To characterize the patients diagnosed with febrile UTI in their first 6 months of life and to explore the risk factors of recurrent UTI, a retrospective study was performed. RESULTS: Among the 90 patients studied, 77 were boys(86%). First episodes of UTI were diagnosed at the age of 2.5+/-1.4 months. These patients underwent ultrasonographic evaluation of urinary tract(n=90) and voiding cystourethrography(n=81) where 53 and 35 studies showed abnormal findings respectively, and a total of 45 cases of urinary tract anomaly including vesicoureteral reflux(VUR, n=35) were diagnosed. Normal findings on ultrasonography indicated decreased risk of VUR in boys of 1-3 months of age(n=30). 53 patients were followed up more than 6 months and 45 episodes of subsequent UTI developed in 29 patients during the first 6-month period. Patients with relapse were older than patients without relapse at the diagnosis of first UTI, but other clinical parameters including abnormal findings on the imaging studies and prophylactic antibiotics prescription were not different between the two groups. CONCLUSION: UTI in early infancy occurred mainly in male infants and half of the patients had structural anomalies. USG was of clinical value in detecting anomalies requiring surgical intervention, and to rule out high grade VUR in 1-3 months old boys. Results of the imaging study or prophylactic antibiotics could not modify the risk of recurrent UTI.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prescriptions ; Recurrence* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

PURPOSE: Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a clinicopathologic entity characterized by extensive crescent formation and rapid deterioration of renal function within few months. For better understanding of its clinical course and designing better treatment strategies, a clinicopathological study of childhood RPGN was performed. METHODS: The clinical manifestations and pathological findings were reviewed retro spectively in 12 children who were diagnosed as having RPGN by clinical manifestations and renal biopsy during a period from 1991 to 2003. Several clinicopathological parameters were analyzed as prognostic factors. RESULTS: Among a total of 12 patients, 4 were male and 8 were female. The median onset age was 11.5 years(range 5.5-14.6 years), and the median period of follow-up was 25 months(range 7 months-6.6 years). According to the pathological classification, 10 patients (83%) were type II RPGN(immune-complex mediated glomerulonephritis), 2 patients were type III RPGN(pauci-immune glomerulonephritis), and none was type I RPGN(anti-glome rular basement membrane nephritis). All patients were treated with oral steroid in various combinations with methylprednisolone pulse therapy(10 patients, 83%), cyclophosphamide(8 patients, 67%), or plasmapheresis(4 patients, 33%). Clinical outcomes of 12 patients were complete remission in 1(8%), end-stage renal disease in 2(17%), chronic renal insufficiency with persistent proteinuria in 2(17%), and normal renal function with persistent proteinuria in 7(58%) at the last follow-up. Poor prognosis is associated with increased serum creatinine level, severe anemia and younger age at the time of diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Immune-complex mediated glomerulonephritis is the major cause RPGN in children and most cases showed improvement of renal function with aggressive management. For better understanding of this rare disease, a prospective multicenter study should be done.
Age of Onset ; Anemia ; Basement Membrane ; Biopsy ; Child* ; Classification ; Creatinine ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerulonephritis* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Male ; Methylprednisolone ; Prognosis ; Proteinuria ; Rare Diseases ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic