No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Epidermal Growth Factor* ; Humans ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor*

No abstract available.
Pleural Effusion*

Liquid tissue adheisve, Histoacryl (n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) has been used for the treatment of gastric variceal bleeding. The techniques are as follows: 0.5cc Histoacryl mixed with Lipiodol per each injection are used. 3 to 4 injections are usually required for large variceal convolutes under the fluoroscopic visualization after the injection of Histoacryl. Complications of sclerotherapy with Histoacryl are bleeding, perforation, stenosis and embolism depending on the concentration and amount used, as well as the intensity of the treatment. Here we describe a case report developing portal and splenic vein thrombosis as a side effect after Histoacryl injection therapy for the treatment of gastric varix bleeding, A 59-year-old male patient with liver cirrhosis was admitted due to acute gastric varix bleeding. The control of gastrie variceal bleeding was achieved by several injections of 0.7c mixture of 0.5cc histoacryl and 0,8cc Lipiodol. However, simple X-ray and ultrasonography revealed the elements of Histoacryl-lipiodol mixture in the portal and splenic vein.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Embolism ; Enbucrilate* ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices* ; Ethiodized Oil ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sclerotherapy ; Splenic Vein* ; Thrombosis* ; Ultrasonography

Endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL) was developed to provide a safer alternative than injection sclerotherapy for treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. EVL adds a new indication that will significantly increase the use of overtubes. overtube itself may have a role in predisposing to esophageal perforation but only one report has been published regarding an esophageal perforation related to the placement of an overtube. Recently, we experienced a case of esophageal perforation caused by overtube placement during endoscopic variceal ligation. So we report this case with review of relevant literatures.
Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Esophageal Perforation* ; Hemorrhage ; Ligation* ; Sclerotherapy

Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune disorder with idiopathic myopathy and characteristic skin manifestations that one often accompanied by an internal malignancy. The association between dermatomyositis and malignancy has been reported several times, although tonsillar carcinoma is extremely rare not only in far eastern populations but also in caucasian populations. We report two cases of Korean patients with dermatomyositis associated with tonsillar carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There is little data to indicate that hypertrophy of adenoid and tonsil may cause short stature. However, there is no data relating short stature to allergic rhinitis in the Korean population. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hypertrophy of adenoid and tonsil and allergic rhinitis on children with short stature. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: One hundred and ninety-one children were included in the disease group, which consisted of three groups, allergic rhinitis only (n=83), hypertrophy of adenoid and tonsil only (n=67), and combintorial of allergic rhinitis and hypertrophy of adenoid and tonsil (n=41). There were 174 pediatric patients in the control group. Growth hormone levels, thyroid function and both wrist X-rays were checked on the children with short stature in order to exclude other chief medical problems causing short stature. For the purpose of evaluating the relationship between short stature and clinical factors, allergy parameters, eosinophil partition rate and total IgE levels were checked in the allergic rhinitis group, and the size of the adenoid and tonsil were checked in the adenoid and tonsil hypertrophy group. The relationship between the incidence of short stature and above clinical factors was evaluated. RESULTS: The incidence of short stature was significantly higher in each disease group than in the control. However, there was no statistically significant differences between each disease group. The above clinical factors were not associated with short stature. CONCLUSION: Hypertrophy in adenoid and tonsil and allergic rhinitis might be an independent cause of short stature.
Adenoids* ; Body Height ; Child* ; Eosinophils ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Hypertrophy* ; Immunoglobulin E ; Incidence ; Palatine Tonsil* ; Rhinitis* ; Thyroid Gland ; Wrist

Soft tissue sarcoma of the head and neck is a rare and heterogenous group of malignant tumors. Especially, adult soft tissue sarcomas occur rarely in nasal cavity and paranasal sinus. They are, when poorly differentiated, termed as pleomorphic sarcoma, spindle cell sarcoma, or malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) like tumor. The main stay of the treatment of adult soft tissue sarcomas is surgical resection with negative margin. Tumor grade, tumor size and extension of local infiltration are recognized prognostic factors, but classification of histologic type appears to have less prognostic significance. In case of uncontrolled locoregional disease, it often results in death due to intracranial extension. We report a case of a 68-year-old female with locoregional high grade pleomorphic sarcoma in the nasal cavity. This tumor was managed by wide local excision of tumor with negative margin.
Adult ; Aged ; Classification ; Female ; Head ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous* ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Neck ; Sarcoma

Malignant neuroendocrine tumors have the histological features of malignant tumors, and localized invasion and distant metastasis can occur. After clinical presentation, patients with neuroendocrine tumors usually show rapid deterioration. The first case involved a patient who underwent treatment for poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung. A percutaneous liver biopsy was performed to look for diffuse infiltration of the tumor in the liver. As a result, the patient was diagnosed with large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung with diffuse liver metastasis. The other two patients presented with liver masses. Liver biopsies revealed metastatic neuroendocrine tumors of the liver. In patients presenting with diffuse hepatic infiltration of a tumor, a neuroendocrine tumor should be considered in the diagnosis, and immunohistochemical staining and further studies should be performed to locate the origin of the tumor. We report three cases of neuroendocrine tumors with diffuse liver metastasis.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; Humans ; Liver ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neuroendocrine Tumors

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Adequate preparation of the bowel is essential for accurate colonoscopic examination. Standard polyethylene glycol solution had been used as a bowel cleansing premedication. But many patients dislike the taste and saltiness of the polyethylene glycol solution. Comparison has made between colonic preparation with a new polyethylene glycol based solution that reduced the salt content and added flavoring in attempt to improve the palatability and to encourage patient compliance with the standard polyethylene glycol solution. METHODS: One hundred patients were randomized to receive either the new polyethylene glycol solution or the standard polyethylene glycol solution for their bowel cleansing preparation. Two gastroenterologists performing the colonoscopies were made unaware of the type of the preparation. The cleansing score and amount of residual fluids in each colonic segment was then evaluated. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the colonic cleansing score and amount of residual fluids between two groups. Patients' compliance was higher for the new polyethylene glycol solution group than for the standard polyethylene glycol group. There was no difference in side effects of bowel cleansing solutions. CONCLUSION: The new polyethylene glycol solution as a bowel cleansing method has a higher patient compliance rate and is as effective as the standard polyethylene glycol solution.
Colon ; Colonoscopy* ; Compliance ; Humans ; Patient Compliance ; Polyethylene Glycols* ; Polyethylene* ; Premedication ; Prospective Studies* ; Therapeutic Irrigation*

OBJECTIVES: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) detect microbial infections and they can directly induce innate host defense responses. TLR 2 has been shown to be primarily involved in the recognition of peptidoglycans and lipoteichoic acid of gram positive bacteria. TLR 4 recognizes lipopolysaccharides and lipoteichoic acids from both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Both mutations lead a reduced capacity to elicit inflammation and they increase the risk for gram-positive and negative infections. This study was performed to investigate the expressions of TLR 2 and 4 and their mutations in patients suffering with otitis media and middle ear effusion. METHODS: Middle ear fluid samples were collected from 40 otitis media effusion (OME) patients who had ventilating tubesinserted. Bacteria in the effusion fluid were detected by standard bacterial culture. The secreted IgG, IgA and IgM were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. TLR 2 and 4 were assessed by performing RT-PCR. The genomic DNA from each patient was isolated from the middle ear fluid samples that were collected from 60 OME patients, and the presence of mutations was determined by performing restriction digestion and DNA sequencing analysis. RESULTS: Among the 40 middle ear fluid samples, bacteria were detected in 13 middle ear fluid samples. The amounts of IgM, IgA, and IgG were 151.20+/-60.94 ng/mL, 21.59+/-7.96 ng/mL and 11.55+/-16.98 ng/mL, respectively. TLR 2 and 4 were expressed in the middle ear fluid and the expression of TLR 2 was higher than that of TLR 4. However, there was no correlation between the expressions of TLR 2 and 4, and the concentration of immunoglobulin or the presence of bacteria (P>0.05). There ware no mutations of TLR 2 (Arg753Gln, Arg677Trp) and TLR 4 (Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile). CONCLUSION: TLR 2 and 4 were expressed in all the middle ear fluid samples of OME, but the mutations of TLR 2 and 4 were not detected. TLR 2 and 4 may play a vital role in the immunological responses of patients with OME.
Bacteria ; Digestion ; DNA ; Ear, Middle ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulins ; Inflammation ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Otitis ; Otitis Media ; Otitis Media with Effusion ; Peptidoglycan ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Stress, Psychological ; Teichoic Acids ; Toll-Like Receptors