The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is directed to arresting the progression of the disease, and regenerating the fibrous attachment. In order to achieve such treatment aim, the plaque and calculus must be eliminated and the physiological conditions of the root surface must be changed to facilitate the attachment and migration of the new fibroblasts, The method of changing the proper root surface conditions to promote the healing of periodontal tissue involves mechanical procedures, such as scaling and root planing, and chemical procedures such as tetracycline-HCl. However, the formation of a long junctional epithelium was most frequently observed type of healing. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine in vitro the influence of surface conditioning of dentin by TC-HCl on human gingival epithelial cell attachment. Human gingival epithelial cells were obtained from healthy retromolar pad area(under the age 23 years). Seventy two teeth extracted from severe periodontitis were used as study material. To evaluate the epithelial cell attachment to dentin, the prepared specimen was divided to four groups. For the control group, only scaling and root planing were carried out, and for the test group, 1 to 3, the concentration of the TC-HCl was 50, 125 and 250mg/ml, respectively. After cell cultivation time of 1-, 3-. 24 hour, for the indirect quantitative assessment of gingival epithelial cell attached to dentin sample, the absorbance of epithelial cell unattached to dentin was measured. The results were as follows; 1. There was no statistically significant difference between scaling and root planing group and TC-HCl 50mg/ ml, 125mg/ml and 250mg/ml group about absorbance of unattached epithelial cell to dentin sample(p>0.5). 2. As time passes, the absorbance of unattached gingival epithelial cell to dentin sample was decreased statistically significant(p<0.05). 3. There was no statistically significant difference among the TC-HCl group(p>0.05) We concluded that there was similar effect on gingival epithelial cell attachment between TC-HCl conditioning on root surface and only scaling and root planing treatment
Calculi ; Dentin ; Epithelial Attachment ; Epithelial Cells* ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Periodontitis ; Root Planing ; Tooth

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by varying and recurrent symptoms, reversible airway obstruction, and bronchospasm. In this paper, clinical important studies on asthma published between March 2021 and February 2022 were reviewed. A study on the relationship between asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis, bronchiectasis, and hormone replacement therapy was published. A journal on the usefulness of fractional exhaled nitric oxide for the prediction of severe acute exacerbation was also introduced. Studies on the effect of inhaler, one of the most important treatments for asthma, were published. Studies on the control of severe asthma continued. Phase 2 and 3 studies of new biologics were also published. As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been prolonged, many studies have explored the prevalence and mortality of COVID-19 infection in asthma patients.

Lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) is a rare benign lymphoproliferative interstitial lung disease. LIP has been associated with autoimmune disorders, HIV, viral infections, and so on. Once underlying systemic diseases have been excluded, a diagnosis of idiopathic LIP can be made. Although 6 cases of pathologically confirmed LIP have occurred in Korea, thus far none has been associated with primary Sjogren's syndrome. A 44-year-old man was admitted to hospital due to a dry cough and dypsnea on exertion that had been ongoing for 2 months. A chest radiography showed multiple and variable-sized cystic lesions, on both lungs and both interstitial infiltration and consolidation in both lower lung fields. Tests for autoantibody showed positive results of anti-nuclear antibody and anti-Ro/La antibody. The patient underwent a video assisted thoracoscopic surgery biopsy and pathologically confirmed LIP. We report the first known case of LIP-associated with primary Sjogren's syndrome in Korea.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Cough ; HIV ; Humans ; Korea ; Lip ; Lung ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; Sjogren's Syndrome ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; Thorax

Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma from a cancer of unknown primary (CUP) affecting the intrathoracic lymph node is very rare. We reported a case of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in the hilar and interlobar lymph node from a patient with CUP and reviewed the associated literature. Abnormal mass in the right hilar area was incidentally detected. A chest computed tomography scan showed a 2.5-cm diameter mass in the right hilum that had changed little in size for 3 years. The patient underwent a right pneumonectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection. A metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in the hilar and interlobar lymph nodes without a primary lung or other lesion was diagnosed. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy for a diagnosis of T0N1M0 lung cancer.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes* ; Pneumonectomy ; Thorax

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) has been reported in a great variety of diseases and disorders of central nervous system (CNS). However, there has been only 7 cases of SLE reports in association with SIADH and correlation of SIADH and SLE has not been clearly demonstrated. Previous cases showed improvement of SIADH as lupus activity resolved during treatment. We report a case of SLE in association with SIADH which showed improvement during treatment with prednisolone and cyclophosphamide.
Central Nervous System ; Cyclophosphamide ; Humans ; Inappropriate ADH Syndrome ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Prednisolone

Endobronchial actinomycosis is a rare chronic suppurative granulomatous infection of the bronchus, and this is sometimes related with a foreign body or a broncholith. The traditional treatment of endobroncial actinomycosis is intravenous antibiotics for 2 to 6 weeks and then oral antibiotics therapy for 6 to 12 months. We report here on 2 cases of endobronchial actinomycosis that were associated with a broncholith and a foreign body, respectively. Surgery followed by short term antibiotics therapy for only 20 days and 34 days, respectively, was effective as treatment for the endobronchial actinomycosis in our cases. After treatment, there were no complications or recurrence during the following period. We suggest that short term antibiotics therapy combined with a surgical operation might be effective as treatment for primary endobronchial actinomycosis, and especially when this illness is combined with a foreign body or a broncholith, as compared with traditional long term antibiotic therapy.
Actinomycosis ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bronchi ; Foreign Bodies ; Recurrence

Scrub typhus is an acute febrile illness caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi that is characterized by focal or disseminated vasculitis and perivasculitis. Scrub typhus can have fatal complications, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, and acute kidney injury. However, there are few reports of fatal myocarditis caused by scrub typhus. We present a case of acute fatal myocarditis combined with acute kidney injury complicating scrub typhus.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Myocarditis* ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Scrub Typhus* ; Shock, Septic ; Vasculitis

Sweet's syndrome is characterized by a constellation of clinical symptoms, physical features, and pathologic findings, which include fever, leukocytosis, tender erythematous skin lesions, and a diffuse infiltrate consisting predominantly of mature neutrophils in the upper dermis. Pulmonary involvement in Sweet's syndrome is rare. In addition, a pleural effusion has been rarely reported in the pulmonary involvement of Sweet's syndrome. We report a case of Sweet's syndrome presenting with pulmonary involvement and a bilateral pleural effusion in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome.
Dermis ; Fever ; Humans ; Leukocytosis ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; Neutrophils ; Pleural Effusion ; Skin ; Sweet Syndrome

Small bowel metastasis of pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung is very rare. A 58-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with abdominal palpable mass in the right upper quadrant area. He underwent right middle and lower lobectomy for early stage pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung approximately 3 months ago. USG-guided biopsy was performed for abdominal mass. Pathologic examination revealed a metastatic pleomorphic carcinoma from the lung. He received chemotherapy followed by radiation therapy but died due to septic shock caused by intestinal stenosis and adhesion. We report the first case of small bowel metastasis by pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung after curative surgery.
Biopsy ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Humans ; Intestine, Small ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Shock, Septic

Intravesical instillation of the bacillus Calmentte-Gu rin(BCG), an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, is an approved method for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer. Because BCG is a living organism, the potential for infection exists. BCG is generally well tolerated, with complications in less than 5% of those treated with use of current practices. The most frequent symptoms of toxicity associated with intravesical BCG immunotherapy include bladder irritation, frequency, and dysuria. Systemic reactions are less common but more serious than local side effects, and include fever, chills, malaise, rash, hepatitis, pneumonitis, arthritis and sepsis. In rare cases, BCG treatment can result in a systemic infection that requires antituberculous therapy. The pulmonary toxicity that results from intravesical BCG treatment is generally characterized by one of two types : systemic allergic reaction with pulmonary reticulonodular opacities depicted on chest radiographs with cellular findings consisting of activated lymphocytes, and actual BCG mycobacteremia with a miliary pattern depicted on chest radiographs and granuloma formation which rarely results in positive acid-fast stain or culture results. Recently we experienced two types of pulmonary complications following intravesical BCG immunotherapy in patients with superficial bladder cancer. We report two cases with a review of literatures.
Administration, Intravesical ; Arthritis ; Bacillus* ; Chills ; Dysuria ; Exanthema ; Fever ; Granuloma ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunotherapy* ; Lymphocytes ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Pneumonia ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Sepsis ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*