Buschke-Lowenstein tumor is a rare disease in the category of designated as verrucous carcinoma characterized by its invasive downward penetration of underlying tissues in the perineum and perianal regions. Viruses, unclean sanitation and cytotoxic immune reaction have been proposed as the etiology of the tumor. However, among all the causes, recent studies have emphasized on the associaton of the tumor and human papilloma virus (HPV). Expecially, HPV also has been discovered in several cutaneous and anogenital lesions of solid organ transplant recipients. We herein report a case of Buschke-Lowenstein tumor in a renal transplant recipient with HPV 6 and 16 coinfection proved by HPV genotyping of DNA extracted from the biopsy specimen of the tumor.
Biopsy ; Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor* ; Carcinoma, Verrucous ; Coinfection ; DNA ; Human papillomavirus 6 ; Humans ; Papilloma ; Perineum ; Rare Diseases ; Sanitation ; Transplantation* ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Hernia, Inguinal* ; Humans

We have studied the function of lymphokines on human tonsillar B cell prolifertion and differentiation. B cells were stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus Cowanl (SAC) or anti- bead. The followings showed the results of this study. 1) In B cell activation, SAC induced B cell DNA synthesis but anti-mubead did not. SAC could activate and proliferate B cells. Minimal number of B cells were required to proliferate effectively. 2) In B cell proliferation, SAC could proliferate B cell in the abscence of lymphokines. Exogenous IL-2 or IL-4 enhanced B cell proliferation. The roles of IL-2 were very important in B cell proliferation. The effect of IL-4 on the IL-2 induced B cell proliferation was inhibitory in SAC-B cells. IL-4 could enhance the proliferation of anti-mu bead activated B cells. 3) In B cell differentiation, IL-2 was a major factor to differentiate SAC activated B cells, but IL-4 did not. IL-6 had a synergistic effect on the differentiation. The results of this study showed that the different signal transduction mechanisms were involved in B cell proliferation and differentiation. The B cell resposes to lymphokine were different, and it is depend upon antigens or mitogens.
B-Lymphocytes ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation* ; DNA ; Humans* ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-6 ; Lymphokines ; Mitogens ; Signal Transduction ; Staphylococcus aureus

No abstract available.
Humans ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

The effect of spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine with and without 1: 1000 epinephrine were studied in 35 patients. Patients in group A received 0.4% hyperbaric bypivacaine 20 mg and patients in group B received the same anesthetic, only 0.2 mg of epinephrine was mixed to it. The following results were obtained. 1) The highest level of sensory loss was similar in both groups. 2) The duration of sensory loss was significantly longer in group B(391+/-12.9 vs 289+/-18.8min, p<0.05) The duration of motor block was also significantly longer in group B than group A(254 +/-13.7 vs 17l+/-4.4 min). 3) The systolic blood pressure significantly decreased at 20-40 minutes after spinal anesthesia in both groups. 4) The pulse rate in group A significantly increased at 2-10 minutes after spinal anesthesia and in group B, it decreased significantly at 45-50 minutes after spinal anesthesia.
Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Blood Pressure ; Bupivacaine* ; Epinephrine* ; Heart Rate ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Anemia is a most common complication of chronic renal failure and erythropoietin has proven to be a effective treatment for anemia in dialysis patient. However, in patients with pre-dialysis chronic renal failure, Use of erythropoietin is usually limited because of its high cost and frequent administration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low dose erythropoietin treatment in patient with pre-dialysis chronic renal failure. METHODS: We administered erythropoietin 2000U weekly to 25 patients with pre-dialysis chronic renal failure untill hemoglobin and hematocrit reached to 11g/dl, 33% respectively. After then we administered erythropoietin 1000U weekly as a maintenance dose. We measured the level of hemoglobin, hematocrit, reticulocyte count, serum creatinine, BUN, serum iron, ferritin, total iron binding capacity every two weeks for 12 months. RESULTS: 1) In 25 patients treated for 16 weeks, hemoglobin and hematocrit level increased from 8.2g/dl,24.2% to 8.8g/dl,28.2%(p< 0.05) respectively. After 28 weeks treatment, 23 patients(92%) reached target hemoglobin and hematocrit value(11g/dl,33%). 2) Serum iron level increased from 180.2ug/dl to 165.1ug/dl(p< 0.05) after 16 weeks treatment. But there were no significant changes in serum ferritin and total iron binding capacitiy. 3) There was no significant change in reciprocal serum creatinine value before and after erythropoietin treatment. 5) There was no significant side effect except mild exacerabation of hypertension(2 cases) during erythropoietin treatment. CONCLUSION: This result show that relatively low dose erythropoietin treatment in patient with pre-dialysis chronic renal failure can be used as a effective treatment for anemia despite of slow and gradual response.
Anemia ; Creatinine ; Dialysis ; Erythropoietin* ; Ferritins ; Hematocrit ; Humans* ; Iron ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Reticulocyte Count

The bradycardiac and presor to intravenous and intraventricular methoxamine were examined in urethane-anesthetized rabbits 1) Intravenous methoxamine produced bradycardiac pressor responses. Atropine (2 mg/kg, i,v.) weakened but not abloished the bradycardiac effect. 2) The bradycardiac effect elicited by intravenous methoxamine was not affected by int-ravenous prazosin, rehimbiine, guanethidine and propranolol, butt was attenuated by intra venous chlorisondamine reserpine. 3) The pressor effect elioited by intravenous methoxamine was weakened by prazosin, but was scarcely affected, rather potentiated, by intraTenous yohimblne, guanethidine, chlorisondamine, propranolol and resperpine. 4) Intraventricular methoxamine produced pressor and bradycardiac responses. 5) The bradycardiac effect elicited by intraventricular methoxamine was net affected by intravenous atropine, prasosin and yohimbine. This was attenuated by intravenous guane- thidine, chlorisondamine, propranolol and reserpine, and by intraventricular atropine prazosin and propranolol, respectively. 6) The pressor effect elicited by intraventricular methoxamine was attenuated by intra- ventricular and intravenous prazosin. This was not affected by intravenous atropine, gua-nethidine, chlorisondamine, propranolol, reserpine and yohimbine, and by intraventricular atropine, prasosin and Propranolol, respectivelr. 7) From these results it was inferred that bradycardiac effect elicited by methoxamine was not an action through the mediation of aleph 1-adrenoceptors but was a result from non-specific actions on some brain receptors.
Atropine ; Brain ; Chlorisondamine ; Guanethidine ; Methoxamine* ; Negotiating ; Prazosin ; Propranolol ; Rabbits* ; Reserpine ; Yohimbine

A clinical study was made on 144 cases of urolithiasis among the total number of 562 in-patients during the 5 years from January, 1974 to December, 1978. The results were as follows: 1. The incidence of the patients with urolothiasis was 25.6% of the in-patients and male to female ratio being approximately 2.1:1 2. The age of the patients ranged from 20 to 50 years in approximately 74.5% 3. A seasonal occurrence was highest during summer on 36.8%. 4. The locational distribution of urinary calculi was in the ureter in 5l.4%, kidney in 34.7%. bladder in 9.7% and urethra in 4.2%. 5. The most favored predirection site of ureteral stone was lower third in 60.8% of all cases. 6. In a number of urinary calculi in each location 71.5% was single, the most common size was below 1.0 cm in its diameter on 65 cases (45.2%), and weight, below 0.5gm. on 21 cases (24.7%). 7. The clinical symptoms of upper urinary tract lithiasis showed flank pain in 89.5%, hematuria in 17.7%, nausea and vomiting in l8.5%, and generalized weakness in 9.7%, but in lower urinary tract, painful urination was 85%, hematuria in 60% and frequency in 80%. 8. The microscopic hematuria showed in 81.9% and pyuria was revealed in 44.4%. 9. The most frequent surgical intervention was ureterolithotomy in 22.9%. 10. The results of chemical analysis of 85 urinary calculi showed the mixed type of calcium-phosphate and calcium-oxalate in 40% (34 cases), calcium-phosphate in 17.6% (15 cases). calcium-oxalate in 11.8% (l0 cases), the mixed type of calcium-phosphate and ammonium-phosphate in 11.8% (l0 cases) and calcium-carbonate in 8.2% (7 cases). The major component of urinary calculi was calcium-phosphate-oxalate. 11. Cases of bilateral urinary calculi were revealed in 11.8%.
Female ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Lithiasis ; Male ; Nausea ; Pyuria ; Seasons ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Calculi ; Urinary Tract ; Urination ; Urolithiasis* ; Vomiting

CD44, also known as the Hermes antigen, H-CAM, pgp-1 antigen, and extracellular matrix receptor ECM-III, is a widely distributed integral membrane protein that exists in a variety of forms with different molecular sizes ranging from 85kd to 160kd. A number of evidence implicates CD44 as a cell adhesion molecule with a possible role in tumor progression. To evaluate the possible roles of CD44 in the metastatic process of gastric carcinoma to the regional lymph nodes, we applicated immunohistochemical stains with the CD44H and CD44v6 primary antibodies onto the 2 groups of gastric adenocarcinomas. Each group was comprised of 22 primary tumors extending to the subserosa, and one group showed nodal metastasis, while the other group did not. Seventeen primary tumors (77%) out of the 22 cases with the nodal metastasis demonstrated positivity to the CD44v6, while only 9 primary tumors (41%) out of the 22 cases without nodal metastasis did. However CD44H immunoreactivity was demonstrated in tumor cells of all cases (100%) of both groups as well as in the normal cell components. These results suggest that CD44H form is not related to the metastasis to the regional lymph nodes of gastric carcinoma. However, the expression of CD44v6 seems to play a certain role in the metastatic process of the gastric carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Antibodies ; Cell Adhesion ; Cellular Structures ; Coloring Agents ; Extracellular Matrix ; Lymph Nodes ; Membrane Proteins ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round cell tumor has been described in the literature since 1989. It is characterized by the occurrence in ages less than 40 with male predominance, an intra-abdominal location, and small round to oval shaped tumor cells with divergent differentiation in the background of the desmoplastic stroma. We recently experienced this tumor in an inguinal lymph node of a 36-year-old man. It is suspected that it metastasized from a lower intra-abdominal tumor. Immunohistochemical stains for keratin, epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin, S-100 protein and neuron specific enolase were positive. This is the first documented case in Korea. Herein, we report on this tumor with a review of literature.
Male ; Humans