Objective To investigate the clinical value of 99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT whole body bone imaging in the diagnosis of bone metastasis of prostate cancer. Methods A total of 107 cases with prostate cancer were di-agnosed by SPECT whole body bone imaging from January 2013 to November 2016. SPECT/CT imaging of some ab-normal density collective focus found in whole body bone imaging were further carried out. Six months later ,whole body bone imaging and SPECT/CT were made again for review. In all diagnosis above ,99mTc-MDP were selected as bone imaging agent. According to the results of follow-up visit clinical and imaging diagnosis ,diagnostic perfor-mance indicators of whole body bone imaging and SPECT/CT were calculated. Results The different part of whole body bone imaging and SPECT/CT in the diagnosis of bone metastases was statistically significant(x2 = 23.000, P < 0.001). The diagnosis specificity and coincidence rate of SPECT/CT for bone metastasis were 100.0% and 98.1% respectively and they were significantly higher than those of whole body bone imaging(65.0% and 80.4%respectively). The differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05). After SPECT/CT diagnosis,a total of 193 undetermined lesions were found and 83 lesions of these were final diagnosed of bone metastases. Pelvic lesions were most in bone metastases ,accounting for 50.6%. Conclusion Whole body bone imaging can effectively determine the undetermined lesions , further SPECT/CT can significantly improve the diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer bone metastasis.

Objective To study the effect of the genetic factors on the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and its general genetic pattern.Methods 21 T2DM cases,as proband,were investigated for T2DM genealogical tree.The heritability of T2DM was estimated by Falconer method.T2DM segregation rate and genetic pattern were evaluated with Penrose's method,Li-Mantel-Gart method and the threshold value model method of Jiang San-Duo.Results The prevalent rate of T2DM in first-degree relatives was 7.6%,which was higher than that in general population.The heritability of T2DM was 46.8%.The s/q score was 3.312 with Penrose's method,which was near to 1/q1/2.The segregation rate P was 0.131,which was lower than 0.25.The theoretical prevalent rate in first relatives was 8.0%,while the investigated prevalent rate was 7.6%.Conclusion There is an obvious heritable trend in T2DM.It is fit to the multi-factorial inheritance pattern but the mono-gene heritability model.

Objective To acquire glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) cDNA from tissues of human muscle by RT-PCR, and to clone and express GLUT4 cDNA in E.coli. Methods GLUT4 cDNA primers were designed first and ascertained by detecting through Genbank on NCBI and DNA Star, then by using specific primers, the subjective cDNA segment was acquired by RT-PCR from human tissue. After that, it was cloned into cloning vector of pGEM-3zf(-) and sequenced automatically. Finally the subjective cDNA was cloned into vector of pBV220 and expressed in E.coli. Results The desired DNA could be acquired from tissues of human muscle by RT-PCR using special primers, the acquired cDNA fragment could be cloned into vector of pGEM-3zf(-) and sequenced. The GLUT4 cDNA sequence was highly conserved. GLUT4 cDNA could be expressed in E.coli, too. Conclusion The entire GLUT4 cDNA can be acquired from human muscular tissue by RT-PCR, and it can be expressed in E.coli.

Objective:To investigate the intervention effect of total glucosides of Acanthopanax giraldii Harms(TGA) on learning and memory impairment and the mechanism in cerebral ischemic rats.Methods:The model of transient cerebral ischemic /reperfusion was made by bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries in rats.Learning-memory ability was observed and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) in brain tissue were measured in rats.Results:In Ymaze test the correct reaction frequency of model group was lower than normal group(P

OBJECTIVE: To further probe the mechanisms of herbs for nourishing and smoothing the liver in reversing bile lithogenicity of guinea pig. METHODS: Sixty guinea pigs were divided randomly into control group (fed with normal diet, n=20), model group (fed with lithogenic diet, n=20) and treatment group (fed with lithogenic diet plus herbal medicine, n=20). After four-week feeding, the animals were sacrificed and sampled, the rates of gallstone formation in each group were estimated, and the total bile acid (TBA), total bilirubin (TBIL), conjugated bilirubin (CB), unconjugated bilirubin (UCB), and calcium ion in the bile were determined, and the different bilirubins were analyzed by HPLC. RESULTS: (1) The rate of gallstone formation was 5% in normal group, 81.25% in model group and 31.25% in treatment group (P<0.05). (2) The bile TBIL, CB, UCB and Ca(2+) were higher and the bile TBA was lower significantly in model group than that in the other two groups (P<0.05). (3) HPLC analysis revealed that MCB was higher and DCB was lower significantly in model group (P<0.01), and there were no significant differences of UCB and IPA among the three groups. (4) The percentages of MCB and UCB were much higher and the percentage of DCB was remarkably lower in model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Herbs for nourishing and smoothing the liver can significantly reduce the rate of gallstone formation and has effect of reversing lithogenicity of bile in guinea pigs fed with lithogenic diet.

Objective: To summarize the different cardiac shunt presentation in right heart contrast echocardiography and to clarify its clinical value for diagnosing the patients with congenital heart disease (CHD).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 102 patients who received right heart contrast echocardiography in our hospital from 2006 to 2014. The contrast media was the hand-vibrated mixture of 9 ml 50% glucose solution with 1 ml air.
Results: There were 49/102 patients with abnormal blood shunt detected including 8 patients of atrial septal defect (ASD) with right to left or dual shunt, 7 of ASD with left to right shunt, 9 of patent foramen ovale (PFO) with functional right to left shunt, 13 of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) combining pulmonary arterial hypertension, 3 of pulmonary arteriovenous ifstula (PAVF), 9 patients with persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) and 8 of them drain to coronary vein sinus, 1 drain to left atrium.
Conclusion: Right heart contrast echocardiography may simply and effectively detect abnormal blood shunt in patients combining pulmonary arterial hypertension and improve the diagnostic accuracy of CHD.

Objective: To estimate the efficacy and safety of flexible ureteroscopy combined with holmium laser lithotripsy in the treatment of upper urinary tract calculi in infants aged 3 years old and below. Methods: From January 2016 to March 2019, the cases of infants aged 3 years old and below who were treated with flexible ureteroscopy combined with holmium laser lithotripsy for upper urinary tract calculi in Department of Urology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were collected. The double J (DJ) stents were placed in the cases for 0.5-3 months, followed by flexible ureteroscopy combined with holmium laser lithotripsy after urinary tract infection was controlled. OLYMPUS flexible ureteroscope and 200 μm holmium laser fiber were used in the operation. Holmium laser power was 20-30 Hz/0.5-1.0 J according to the size and hardness of the stones, and then DJ stent was retained after retraction of the ureteroscope to finish the operation. Results: A total of 32 infants aged 3 and below with upper urinary tract stones were included in the study, including 21 males and 11 females, and the median age was 26 months (7-36 months). All 32 cases were successfully treated with flexible ureteroscopy combined with holmium laser lithotripsy. Among them calculi in 22 cases were removed after one operation, and the calculi-free rate after one operation was 68.8%. The median duration of operation was 53 min (15-110 min); the median hospitalization after operation was 3 d (2-12 d); the median days of DJ stent removal after operation was 60 d (18-100 d). Urinary tract infection occurred in 4 cases, and high fever with urinary tract infection occurred in 2 cases. Anti-infection and other symptomatic treatments were given respectively to improve the symptoms. Conclusion: Flexible ureteroscopy combined with holmium laser lithotripsy is effective and safe in the treatment of upper urinary tract calculi in infants, which can be widely used in clinic.

Objective: To investigate the analgesic substances in the aerial part of Urtica fissa (Urticae Fissae Herba), commonly used for rheumatoid and rheumatism arthritis. Methods: The analgesic constituents were isolated with the active guidance of hot plate and acetic acid writhing models, and identified by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis. Results: Thirteen alkaloids (1–13), two lignans (14, 15), and three amides (16–18) were isolated from the active fractions. Among them, compound 1 was a new alkaloid, and compound 6 was a new natural product. The activity evaluation in vivo indicated that various pyrrole alkaloids (1, 3, 6, and 12) possessed significant analgesic activities, they could significantly inhibit the mice pain response induced by acetic acid and hot plate at the dosage of 2 mg/kg BW. Conclusion: The study revealed that the pyrrole alkaloids played important roles in the analgesic activities of Urticae Fissae Herba.

AIMTo investigate the effects of resveratrol (Res) on the proliferation of VSMCs induced by Ang I and the expression of calmodulin (CaM) and calcineurin (CaN) in the proliferation of VSMCs treated by Ang 1 and to discuss the mechanism.

METHODSRabbit arterial VSMCs were cultured in vitro and VSMCs were identified with the method of immunocytochemistry. A cell proliferating model of VSMCs induced by AngII was established. VSMCs were cultured for 4-8 passages. The experiments were randomly divided into control group, AngII group (0.1 micromol/L) and AngII + Res groups with different concentrations(20, 40, 80, 160) micromol/L. VSMCs proliferation was determined with MTT colorimetric method. CaM was detected with Coomassie brilliant blue method and CaN was determined by enzyme reaction phosphorus measurement.

RESULTSRabbit VSMCs were cultured successfully and could be passaged. After immunocytochemistry staining, all the cells cytoplasm were stained and positive. Cell proliferation, CaM and CaN activities were increased significantly in VSMCs proliferation induced by AngII (P <0.05, P < 0.01). The index of AngII + Res groups were obviously reduced compared with AngII group ( P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe VSMCs proliferation induced by AngII can be inhibited by Res significantly, and the inhibiting mechanism of Res may be related to inhibiting CaM and CaN activities then restraining the proliferation of VSMCs in a dose dependent manner.

Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcineurin ; metabolism ; Calmodulin ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Stilbenes ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the identification method of Syngnathus and its adulterants.

METHODRandom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to construct a dendrogram by UPGMA method based on Nei & Li's coefficient and a genetic affinity pattern for Syngnathus acus, Solenognathus hardwickii, Syngnathoides biaculeatus, Trachyrhamphus serratus, Halicampus koilomatodon, Microphis boaja.

RESULTFour primers, LJ04, LJ09, LJ16 and LJ19, from 18 random primers were used in the dendrogram which can differentiate Syngnathus in genus level and showed a great consistence with the appearance identification. The genetic affinity pattern based on primers LJ09 and LJ19 could be used to identify Syngnathus from its adulterants.

CONCLUSIONRAPD is suitable to identify Syngnathus and its adulterants.

Animals ; China ; DNA Primers ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique ; Smegmamorpha ; classification ; genetics