Occasionally, patients with gastrointestinal Crohn's disease (CD) develop granulomatous skin lesions at sites remote from the gastrointestinal tract, separated from other ulcerations by normal skin, a phenomenon that has been referred to as metastatic cutaneous CD. Although metastatic CD of the vulval region has been often reported in English literature, we could not find such cases with family history. We report a case of vulval CD occurring in siblings.
Crohn Disease* ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Siblings* ; Skin ; Ulcer ; Vulva*

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the main keywords, network properties, and main topics of news articles related to artificial intelligence technology in the field of nursing. Methods: After collecting artificial intelligence-and nursing-related news articles published between January 1, 1991, and July 24, 2022, keywords were extracted via preprocessing. A total of 3,267 articles were searched, and 2,996 were used for the final analysis. Text network analysis and topic modeling were performed using NetMiner 4.4. Results: As a result of analyzing the frequency of appearance, the keywords used most frequently were education, medical robot, telecom, dementia, and the older adults living alone. Keyword network analysis revealed the following results: a density of 0.002, an average degree of 8.79, and an average distance of 2.43; the central keywords identified were ’education,’ ‘medical robot,’ and ‘fourth industry.’ Five topics were derived from news articles related to artificial intelligence and nursing: ‘Artificial intelligence nursing research and development in the health and medical field,’ ‘Education using artificial intelligence for children and youth care,’ ‘Nursing robot for older adults care,’ ‘Community care policy and artificial intelligence,’ and ‘Smart care technology in an aging society.’ Conclusion The use of artificial intelligence may be helpful among the local community, older adult, children, and adolescents. In particular, health management using artificial intelligence is indispensable now that we are facing a super-aging society. In the future, studies on nursing intervention and development of nursing programs using artificial intelligence should be conducted.

BACKGROUND: Cytokine-mediated ex vivo expansion has been proposed as a means of increasing the number of cord blood (CB) hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation. As well as stem cell number, stromal cells are necessary for functional maturation of hematopoiesis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the development of stromal cells during ex vivo expansion of CB CD34+ cells. METHODS: CD34+ cells were purified from CB by magnetic bead selection. The levels of of interleukin-3, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were measured in culture supernatants on 0, 1, 2, and 3 weeks, using ELISA techniques. CB CD34+ cells were expanded in Iscoves modified Dulbeccos medium in the presence of several cytokines. The expression of E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule- 1, intercellular adhesion molecule- 1, platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, von Willebrand factor, vimentin, and CD14 in newly developed stromal cells was examined by immunocytochemical method. Relevant extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and proper cytokines were also assayed for the most suitable condition for expansion of stromal cells. RESULTS: Several cytokines were found to have been produced by CB CD34+ cells as well as bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells. During ex vivo expansion of CB CD34+ cells, stromal cells appeared in the culture by day 4 and expanded over the following 7- 10 days before being confluent by day 2 1. These cells expressed surface markers characteristic of cells of endothelial lineage. Furthermore, these stroaml cells also expanded effectively when treated with thrombopoietin+flt-3 ligand+stem cell factor+leukemia inhibitory factor or 0. 1% poly-L-lysine-coated wells. CONCLUSION: Stromal cells were developed during ex vivo expansion of CB CD34+ cells and that this development could be enhanced further by treating the stromal cells with cytokines or ECM.
Cell Adhesion ; Cytokines ; E-Selectin ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Extracellular Matrix ; Fetal Blood* ; Granulocytes ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukin-3 ; Interleukin-6 ; Stem Cells ; Stromal Cells* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Vimentin ; von Willebrand Factor

PURPOSE: Receptors for the Fc of IgG(FcvR) and a beta2 integrin molecule, CD11c/CD18 are important in clearance of microbes by granulocytes. We performed an in vitro study on the effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(rhG-CSF), or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(rhGM-CSF) on the expression of Fc R II, Fc R III, CD11c and CD18 and respiratory burst function of granulocytes. METHODS: Peripheral blood was collected from six healthy adults. The isolated granulocytes were stimulated with rhG-CSF, 250mg/mL, rhGM-CSF, 100ng/mL or both of them for 1, 3, 9, 24, and 48 hours. Using flow cytometry, we compared the expression of the Fc R II, Fc R III, CD11c and CD18 of granulocytes before and after stimulation. We also the studied respiratory burst of granulocytes with chemiluminescence assay. RESULTS: Fc R II and CD18 expression were not changed significantly after stimulation. Fc R III expression was decreased significantly after stimulation with rhG-CSF, rhGM-CSF, or both of them. CD11c expression was increased initially but was found to decrease significantly after 9 hours of stimulation. Granulocytes treated with rhG-CSF, rhGM-CSF, or both displayed enhanced respiratory burst. Our results suggest that exposure of granulocyte to growth factor results in granulocyte activation. CONCLUSION: We have shown that rhG-CSF and rhGM-CSF resulted in an activation of peripheral blood granulocytes immunophenotypically and functionally.
Adult ; Antigens, CD18* ; Flow Cytometry ; Granulocytes* ; Humans* ; Luminescence ; Receptors, IgG* ; Respiratory Burst*

Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Deglutition Disorders ; Dyspnea ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Periodontal Cyst ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; Ultrasonics

Dermis ; Eczema ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Lymphocytes ; Lymphoma ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycosis Fungoides ; Scalp ; Sezary Syndrome ; Skin ; T-Lymphocytes

Anesthesia, General ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Neck ; Palpation ; Thyroglossal Cyst ; Thyroid Gland ; Tongue

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to assess the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms and associated factors in North Korean Defectors (NKDs). METHODS: One hundred forty-four NKDs (male: 20; female: 124; average age: 40.4+/-11.7 yrs.) completed the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D). A stepwise logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate factors associated with the psychiatric symptoms of the participants. RESULTS: NKDs mainly reported somatization (42.4%) and depressive symptoms (38.9%). Female NKDs showed higher prevalence of somatization (p=0.001), anxiety (p=0.020), hostility (p=0.026) and psychoticism (p=0.022) than males. The presence of physical illness was strongly related to most psychiatric symptoms on the SCL-90-R including somatization (p<0.001), obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p=0.020), interpersonal sensitivity (p=0.031), depression (p<0.001), anxiety (p<0.001), hostility (p=0.011), paranoid ideation (p=0.015) and psychoticism (p<0.001). Younger age, unemployment, lower income, and longer duration of defection were found to be the risk factors of psychiatric symptoms. In regard to mental health service utilization, we found that most (83.3%) of the participants had not received any form of psychiatric help. CONCLUSION: Somatization and depression were the most prevalent psychiatric symptoms in NKDs. Our results suggest that psychiatric symptoms accompany certain sociodemographic and clinical characteristics that are associated with susceptibility to acculturation stressors. An understanding of these factors will be helpful providing appropriate mental health services to NKDs.
Acculturation ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Female ; Hostility ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Mental Health Services ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Unemployment

PURPOSE: We aimed to study the feasibility of arsenic trioxide as a treatment of neuroblastoma which has the ability to differentiate into nonmalignant cells like acute promyelocytic leukemia. METHODS: To determine the effects of arsenic trioxide in various concentrations and exposure time on the survivial of neuroblastoma cell lines, SH-SY5Y and SK-N-AS cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 media with 1 to 20muM concentration of arsenic trioxide. Apoptosis was measured with flow cytometry by staining with 7-aminoactinomycin D. Cell cycle was assessed by monitoring the DNA contents by flow cytometry. Arsenic trioxide induced cell morphologic changes were also observed with May-Grunwald-Giemsa stain under a light microscope. RESULTS: Arsenic trioxide induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells earlier in the same concentration and to a more severe degree with the same exposure time than in HL-60 cells. The apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide was steeply increased to 79.3 10.1% at 24 hours and then maintained a plateau on 20muM concentration, while increasing steadily to 40.2 6.5% until 72 hours on 5muM concentration. The proliferating cell proportion in S/G2/M phase was decreased with arsenic trioxide concentration and with exposure time in both SH-SY5Y and HL-60 cells, especially more so with the SH-SY5Y cells. The cellularity was decreased and more apoptotic cells could be observed in the arsenic trioxide treatment group than in untreated control group. CONCLUSION: As in acute promyelocytic leukemic cells, arsenic trioxide induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of proliferating phase in neuroblastoma cells.
Apoptosis ; Arsenic* ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Line ; DNA ; Flow Cytometry ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; Neuroblastoma*

PURPOSE: Thrombopoietin (TPO) has been currently used for ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells. Previously, we have reported that TPO induces apoptosis during ex vivo expansion of cord blood CD34 cells. In this study, we have investigated the stem cell factor (SCF) to determine whether it affects the TPO-induced apoptosis. METHPDS: CD34+ cells, purified from four separate human cord bloods by magnetic bead selection, were expanded in Iscoves modified Dulbeccos medium with several cytokines. Apoptosis has been confirmed by several ways; 7-amino-actinomycin D (7-AAD) or annexin V staining, and morphologic analysis with light and electron microscopic examinations. And cell maturation was also analysed with DNA staining. RESULTS: Apoptosis was reached peak (67.8+/-5.24% of total cells) at day 9 in the cultures with TPO alone. Morphological examination of Giemsa-stained cytospin preparations revealed many immature cells with cytoplasmic blebbing and eccentric nuclei. However, multilobed nuclei were rarely observed while bilobed nuclei were frequently observed. These results suggest that premature senescence occurs in the megakaryocytic cells before full polyploidization. SCF was affective for the TPO-induced apoptosis; the peak apoptotic fraction was significantly decreased to 37.2+/-3.31% at day 9. In the cultures with SCF, the fractions of CD41+ cells were also decreased in parallel with decrease in apoptosis. Notwithstanding reduction of differentiation into megakaryocytic lineage, polyploidization(> 6N) in CD41 cell faction was significantly increased in the cultures with SCF at day 9 and day 11, respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that SCF inhibits premature senescence of the differentiating cells of megakaryocytic lineage during ex vivo expansion using TPO.
Aging* ; Annexin A5 ; Apoptosis ; Blister ; Cytokines ; Cytoplasm ; DNA ; Fetal Blood* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans* ; Megakaryocytes* ; Polyploidy ; Stem Cell Factor* ; Stem Cells* ; Thrombopoietin*