No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Gastrointestinal Tract*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnant Women*

No abstract available.
Pericardial Effusion*

PURPOSE: To compare the results of two different instruments made of stainless steel and titanium alloy for correction of single thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) using pedicle screw instrumentation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 141 patients with single thoracic AIS treated with pedicle screw instrumentation and selective thoracic fusion were retrospectively reviewed after a follow-up of 2 years. The patients had a main thoracic curve of 40° to 75° and were divided into two groups based on instrument materials; S group (stainless steel, n=90) and T group (titanium alloy, n=51). The diameter of the stainless steel rod used was 7.0 mm while that of the titanium alloy rod was 6.35 mm or 6.0 mm. Standing long-cassette radiographic measurements including various coronal and sagittal parameters for the preoperative, early postoperative and 2-year postoperative follow-up were analyzed. There were no significant differences in the preoperative curve characteristics between the two groups. RESULTS: In the S group, the preoperative main thoracic curve of 51.3°±8.4° was improved to 19.0°±7.6° (63.1% correction) and the lumbar curve of 32.3°±8.4° spontaneously decreased to 12.7°±8.2° (62.9% correction) at 2 years postoperatively. In the T group, the preoperative main thoracic curve of 49.5°±8.4° and the lumbar curve of 30.3°±8.9° was improved to 18.8°±7.4° (62.2% correction) and 11.3°±5.4° (63.3% correction), respectively. The corrections of coronal curves were not statistically different between the two groups (p>0.05). The thoracic kyphosis was changed from 16.8°±8.5° to 24.3°±6.1° in the S group and from 19.6°±11.2° to 26.6°±8.5° in the T group. There were no significant differences in the changes of sagittal curves, coronal and sagittal balances at the 2-year follow-up and the number of fused segments and used screws between the two groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: When conducting surgery for single thoracic AIS using pedicles screw instrumentation, two different instruments made of stainless steel and titanium alloy showed similar corrections for coronal and sagittal curves.
Adolescent ; Alloys ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kyphosis ; Pedicle Screws ; Retrospective Studies ; Scoliosis ; Stainless Steel ; Steel ; Titanium

BACKGROUND: Ingrown toenail is one of the most common nail complaints. It occurs chiefly on the great toes, where there is an excessive lateral nail growth into the nail fold, leading to painful irritation, inflammation, infection, and growth of excessive granulation tissue. Many treatments have been described, but these classic treatment modalities may lead to severe damage of the nail fold or to frequent relapses. OBJECTIVE: We attempted to evaluate the therapeutic effect of nail splinting which is a noninvasive therapy for ingrown toenails. METHODS: A total of 64 patients(78 lesions) with ingrown toenails were enrolled in the study. The lateral edge of the nail plate including the spicule is splinted with a lengthwise-incised flexible plastic tube. The efficacy of nail splinting for ingrown toenail was assessed by analyzing the degrees of post-treatment pain and a recurrence rate. RESULTS: 1.The average age of the patients was 37 years old. There were 38 male patients(47 lesions) and 26 female patients(31 lesions). The right big toe was affected in 27 patients and the left big toe in 23 patients. Fourteen patients had both feet affected at the same time. 2.The pain all cleared in an average 2.3 days of treatment. Other problems such as redness, swelling and granulation tissue gradually decreased as time went by. 3.There was a 7.8% recurrence rate at six months after the procedure. CONCLUSION:We recommend nail splint as an alternative to traditional treatment for ingrown toenail because it is simple and easy to perform, noninvasive, effective, well tolerated, and does not require any special equipment.
Adult ; Female ; Foot ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Nails* ; Naphazoline ; Plastics ; Recurrence ; Splints* ; Toes

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of internal fixation with a helical plate for displaced proximal humeral shaft fractures by analyzing the clinical outcomes of patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen displaced fractures of the proximal humeral shaft were treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) or by minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) with the use of helical locking compression plates. We evaluated the adequacy of reduction, time-to-fracture healing, range of motion of the shoulder, and postoperative complications. The functional outcome of the shoulder was evaluated using a Constant-Murley shoulder score. RESULTS: Anatomical reduction of the fracture was obtained in nine cases treated by ORIF, and anatomical alignment was obtained in five cases treated by MIPO. All fractures were healed in an average of 14.9 weeks. The active range of motion of the shoulder was fully recovered in five cases, and restricted in nine cases, at around 12 months after surgery. The mean Constant-Murley shoulder score was 87.4 points, at around 12 months after surgery. There were no major complications, such as neurovascular injury, infection, loss of fixation, and nonunion. CONCLUSION: Helical locking compression plating for proximal humeral shaft fractures is a safe and effective surgical method in obtaining satisfactory fracture healing and functional outcome because it provides stable fixation and avoids complications related with lateral plating.
Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Humerus ; Methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder

No abstract available.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the usefulness of a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage filled with demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and plate fixation in anterior interbody fusions for subaxial cervical spine injuries. METHODS: A retrospective review of 98 patients (58 women, 40 men; mean age, 49.7 years; range, 17–78 years) who underwent single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) using a PEEK cage filled with DBM and plate fixation for subaxial cervical spine injuries from March 2005 to June 2018 was conducted. Bone fusion, interbody height (IBH), segmental lordosis, and adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) development were assessed with plain radiographs and computed tomography. Clinical outcomes were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and the Frankel grade for neurologic function. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 27.6 months (range, 6–142 months). Twenty-one patients (21.4%) had an improvement of at least one Frankel grade. The mean preoperative and final follow-up neck pain VAS scores were 8.3±0.9 and 2.6±1.5 (p < 0.05). All patients showed solid fusion at the final follow-up. The mean preoperative and final Cobb's angles were −3.7±7.9° and 1.9±5.1° (p < 0.05). The mean preoperative and final IBHs were 36.9±1.7 mm and 38.2±1.8 mm (p < 0.05). Five patients (5%) showed ASD. CONCLUSION: ACDF using a PEEK cage filled with DBM and plate fixation yielded high fusion rates and satisfactory clinical outcomes without donor-site morbidity. This procedure is safe and effective for single-level subaxial cervical spine injuries.
Animals ; Bone Matrix* ; Diskectomy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lordosis ; Male ; Neck Pain ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine* ; Visual Analog Scale

This guideline focuses on the primary prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Korea. The guidelines should be individualized and aim at patients scheduled for major surgery, as well as patients with a history of trauma, high-risk pregnancy, cancer, or other severe medical illnesses. Currently, no nation-wide data on the incidence of VTE exist, and randomized controlled trials aiming at the prevention of VTE in Korea have yielded few results. Therefore, these guidelines were based on the second edition of the Japanese Guidelines for the Prevention of VTE and the eighth edition of the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) Evidenced-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. These guidelines establish low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups, and recommend appropriate thromboprophylaxis for each group.
Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Polysaccharides/therapeutic use ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Factors ; Venous Thromboembolism/*prevention & control/surgery/therapy ; Warfarin/therapeutic use