The lacrimal gland ductal cyst is rare, and a closed cyst of the palpebral lobe of the lacrimal gland developing incidiously in the superotemporal cul-de-sac. The authors experienced a case of lacrimal gland ductal cyst, which was a relatively large-sized mass, protruding from the superior temporal conjunctival cul-de-sac. The patient showed temporal blepharoptosis with S-shape of lid margin, but she had no diplopia and limitation of extraocular muscles. The cystic lesion was excised completely through conjunctival approach and lateral canthotomy. Total resection is optimal technique to prevent recurrence. Histopathologically, the cyst contained serous contents in its cavity and its wall was lined by two layers of squamous epithelium, containing some lacrimal gland tissues. This cyst seems to be originated from the palpebral lobe of the lacrimal gland, considering its anatomical location and histopathological findings.
Blepharoptosis ; Diplopia ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus* ; Muscles ; Recurrence

Streptomyces blastmyceticus strain 12-6 was isolated from a forest soil sample of Cheonan area on the basis of strong antifungal activities against plant pathogenic fungi. Butanol extracts of the cultural filtrates were active against C. acutatum, C. coccodes, C. gloeosporioides, F. oxysporum, and T. roseum. Active fractions were prepared by thin layer chromatography using silica gel plate; 12-6-2 (R(f) 0.36), 12-6-3 (R(f) 0.44). Scanning electron microscopy showed that the active fractions caused a change in surface texture of fungal spores from smooth surface to wrinkled surface. The lethal effect on the spores of the active fractions varied from 56% to 100%. It was shown that the spores of C. acutatum were more sensitive to the antifungal fractions than the spores of F. oxysporum. Fluorescence staining using TOTO-1 indicated that the antifungal fractions could make the spores more sensitive to the fluorescence dye. Thus, it was suggested that antifungal agents prepared in this study exhibited the antifungal activity by damaging the plasma membrane of both fungal spores and hyphae. Identification of antifungal agents in the active fraction using GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of cyclo-(Leu-Pro) and 9-octadecenamide as major components that have already been known as antifungal substances.

PURPOSE: To measure the secretion of IL-8 from cultured human keratocytes after inoculation of conidia of A. fumigatus, and to compare the change of secretion of IL-8 following application of amphotericin B and dexamethasone. METHODS: Human corneal keraoctytes were cultured independently in vitro. The specimens were divided into 4 groups : Group I with only pure culture as control, Group II with conidia of A. fumigatus, Group III with conidia of A. fumigatus and amphotericin B, and Group IV with conidia of A. fumigatus and dexamethasone. The supernatants were aspirated from each group at different time intervals, and then were assayed for IL-8. RESULTS: Group II showed increased secretion of IL-8, at all selected time intervals except 12-h, in comparison with other three groups. Group III secreted IL-8 significantly less than the other groups(p<0.01). Group IV secreted IL-8 less than Group I and II at all selected time points(p<0.01), but more than Group III at the other time points except for 72-h(p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The secretion of IL-8 increased in the early stage of fungal keratitis but decreased in case of the administration of amphotericin B or dexamethasone. Amphotericin B was more potent than dexamethasone in decreasing the secretion of IL-8.
Amphotericin B* ; Aspergillus fumigatus* ; Aspergillus* ; Dexamethasone* ; Humans* ; Interleukin-8* ; Keratitis ; Spores, Fungal

In order to decide on appropriate treatment strategy against gastric cancer, an accurate preoperative evaluation of the depth of cancer invasion is essential. We studied 165 cases(19%) of early gastric cancer among 706 cases of gastric cancer. resected over a 6 year period. A retrospective study of early gastric cancer was done to evaluate the endoscopic accuracy and lymph node metastasis status, the following results were obtained: 1) The proportion of EGC according to macroscopic type was 68.5% of depressed type(II, III, IIa+III, IIc+III, III+IIc, IIb+IIc), 26% of elevated type(I, IIa, IIa+ IIb, IIa+IIc), 5.5% of flat type(IIb). 2) In the view of accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis, the rate of accurate diagnosis suitable for postoperative macroscopic type was 37.5%, the rate of unsuitable typed EGC was 33.3%, overestimation(diagnosed to AGC) was 20.6% and underestimation(diagnosed to benign diseases)was 8.6%. Overall accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis was 70.8%. 3) The cases confined to the mucosa were 40.6% and others were submucosal cancers(59.4%). 4) Positive lymph node metastasis was found in 1.5% of M-cancer and 18.4% of SM-cancer(overall 11.5%). 5) Node positive rate of differentiated cancer was 10.5%, undifferentiated carcinoma was 15.4%. There was no signficant difference in frequency of nodal metastasis according tumor size and macroscopic type. 6) Tumors which satisfy the following criteria may not metastasize to lymph nodes:(1) confined to the mucosa; (2) less than 2.0cm in diameter; (3) macroscopically elevated or flat; (4) histologically well or moderately differentiated.
Carcinoma ; Diagnosis ; Lymph Nodes ; Mucous Membrane ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms*

OBJECTIVE: To compare the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value using single-shot echo-planar imaging sequences at 3T and 1.5T for differentiation of benign fracture edema and tumor infiltration of the vertebral body. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 46 spinal examinations were included in the 1.5T MRI group, and a total of 40 spinal examinations were included in the 3T MRI group. The ADC values of the lesion were measured and calculated. The diagnostic performance of the conventional MR image containing sagittal T2-weighted fat saturated image and each diffusion weighted image (DWI) with an ADC value with different b values were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean ADC value of the benign lesions was higher than that of the malignant lesions on 1.5T and 3T (p < 0.05). The sensitivity of the diagnostic performance was higher with an additional DWI in both 1.5T and 3T, but the sensitivities were similar with the addition of b values of 400 and 1000. The specificities of the diagnostic performances did not show significant differences (p value > 0.05). The diagnostic accuracies were higher when either of the DWIs (b values of 400 and 1000) was added to routine MR image for 1.5T and 3T. Statistical differences between 1.5T and 3T or between b values of 400 and 1000 were not seen. CONCLUSION: The ADC values of the benign lesions were significantly higher than those of the malignant lesions on 1.5T and 3T. There was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic performances when either of the DWIs (b values of 400 and 1000) was added to the routine MR image for 1.5T and 3T.
Diffusion ; Echo-Planar Imaging ; Edema* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Spine