Recently, there has been a rapid adoption of a variety of information technologies to scholarly journal publishing. For example, the digital object identifier application launched in 2000 has become an international standard of journal networks. In 2012, Open Researcher and Contributor ID (ORCID) and CrossMark were launched. Further, FundRef began its service in 2013. Since most medical journals from Korea are published by academic societies themselves, editors should understand these projects and apply them to their journals. ORCID is a unique identifier of every researcher and contributor in the world. In Korea, there are particularly many people who have the same name, and hence, a unique identifier becomes mandatory. Any researcher can register with ORCID and receive a unique ID for life for free. CrossMark is an update system for checking the final version of a paper as there may be errata, corrigenda, retractions, or other changes. Readers can determine whether the paper that they are viewing is the final version or not by clicking on the CrossMark logo. Likewise, FundRef provides a standard method for reporting the funder's name and the grant number for a paper. Once the funding agencies from Korea are registered with FundRef, authors can provide the funder and the grant number information to the publisher. To apply ORCID, CrossMark, and FundRef easily, the production of a Journal Article Tag Suite extensible markup language file is mandatory. Owing to the advanced level of information technology in Korea, it should be possible to apply ORCID, CrossMark, and FundRef at a very reasonable cost. Therefore, now is the time for journal editors to introduce the above mentioned standards to journal publishing.
Financial Management ; Financing, Organized ; Korea

Vestibular neuritis is the second most common cause of peripheral vestibular vertigo. The key signs and symptoms are the acute onset of sustained rotatory vertigo without hearing loss, postural imbalance with Romberg's sign, and peripheral type nystagmus. Head thrust and caloric tests show ipsilateral hyporesponsiveness, but hearing test shows normal. Either an inflammation of the vestibular nerve or labyrinthine ischemia was proposed as a cause of vestibular neuritis. Recovery after vestibular neuritis is usually incomplete. Despite the assumed viral cause, the effects of corticosteroids, antiviral agents, or the two in combination are uncertain. Bilateral vestibulopathy is a rare disorder of the peripheral labyrinth or the eighth nerve. The most frequent etiologies include ototoxicity, autoimmune disorders, meningitis, neuropathies, sequential vestibular neuritis, cerebellar degeneration, tumors, and miscellaneous otological diseases. The two key symptoms are unsteadiness of gait and oscillopsia associated with head movements or when walking. The diagnosis is made with the simple bedside tests for defective vestibulo-ocular reflex (head thrust and dynamic visual acuity tests). Bilateral vestibulopathy is confirmed by the absence of nystagmus reaction to both caloric and rotatory chair tests. The spontaneous recovery is relatively rare and incomplete. Vestibular rehabilitation is supportive of the improvement, but the efficacy of physical therapy is limited.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Antiviral Agents ; Caloric Tests ; Ear Diseases ; Ear, Inner ; Gait ; Head ; Head Movements ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing Tests ; Inflammation ; Ischemia ; Meningitis ; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular ; Vertigo ; Vestibular Nerve ; Vestibular Neuronitis ; Visual Acuity ; Walking

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is characterized by brief recurrent episodes of vertigo triggered by head position changes. BPPV is one of the most common causes of recurrent vertigo. BPPV results from abnormal stimulation of the cupula within any of the three semicircular canals by free-floating otoliths (canalithiasis) or otoliths adhered to the cupula (cupulolithiasis). Typical symptoms and signs of BPPV are evoked when the head is positioned so that the plane of the affected semicircular canal is spatially vertical and thus aligned with gravity. Paroxysm of vertigo and nystagmus develops after a brief latency during Dix-Hallpike maneuver in posterior canal BPPV and supine roll test in horizontal canal BPPV. Usually positioning the head in the opposite direction reverses the direction of the nystagmus. The duration, frequency, and intensity of symptoms of BPPV vary depending on the involved canals and the nature of otolithic debris. Spontaneous recovery occurs frequently even with conservative treatment, however, canalith repositioning maneuvers are believed to be the best way to treat BPPV by moving the canaliths from the semicircular canal to the vestibule.
Gravitation ; Head ; Otolithic Membrane ; Semicircular Canals ; Vertigo

Basically laboratory vestibular function testing use the vestibular ocular reflex and vestibular spinal reflex like as bedside examination or outpatients' evaluation. Such vestibular laboratory testing can aid diagnosis and can be used to document an abnormality suspected at bedside evaluation. The ability to perform serial vestibular evaluations allows an assessment over time of patients who are undergoing treatment for dizziness or treatment with potentially ototoxic medication. Generally speaking, it includes spontaneous nystagmus, some kinds of evoked nystagmus, ocular eye movement testing, Caloric's testing, rotational chair testing, vestibular evoked myogenic potential, subjective visual vertical, posturography and so on. Those testing have been developed with biomedical engineering based on the proven scientific facts together.
Biomedical Engineering ; Dizziness ; Eye Movements ; Humans ; Reflex ; Vestibular Function Tests

Dizziness is one of the most commonly presenting complaints in clinical practice. However, a systematic diagnostic approach to the dizzy patient remains challenging due to the wide range of diagnostic possibilities. As a symptom, dizziness is quite subjective and is resulted from diverse conditions. Therefore, classifying the patient's complaints into the etiology oriented categories through detailed histories should be the first step of the approach. Physicians should be acquainted with skills for the history taking and a brief but comprehensive neuro-otologic examination which can be done easily in clinical practice. This article focused on practical skills for history taking and bedside examination in the diagnostic approaches to the patient with dizziness.
Dizziness ; Humans ; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular ; Resin Cements

Silver industry or senior friendly industry is an industry that helps the aged people maintain their healthy life and increase their quality of life. It includes various specialized industries such as health care facilities and service industry, senior friendly housing industry, medical and rehabilitation equipments industry, senior friendly leisure industry, health information service industry, and so on. The silver industry is growing and becoming popular in countries where proportion of aged population and their buying power are increasing, and Korea is one of the fastest aging countries in the world and the buying power of the aged is also increasing. This means that the silver industry in Korea is expected to grow rapidly in the near future. In fact, one report foresees that the annual growth rate of silver industry for 10 years from 2010 in Korea is expected to be 12.9% whereas that of overall industry is only 4.7%.It is quite natural that active participation of physicians is desperately needed in the development of silver industry because of the nature of health problems of the aged population, and for effective applications and supplies of the silver industry to the aged. For this, specialized curriculum on geriatric health problems and the characteristics of silver industry should be provided to the medical students in the undergraduate medical education and to the physicians in the postgraduate and continuing medical education programs. Special short-term educational program for the retired physicians to work at the health care facilities with or without being paid are also desirable.
Aged ; Aging ; Curriculum ; Delivery of Health Care ; Education, Medical, Continuing ; Education, Medical, Undergraduate ; Equipment and Supplies ; Housing ; Humans ; Information Services ; Korea ; Leisure Activities ; Quality of Life ; Silver ; Students, Medical

At present, laparoscopic colon resection for benign and early malignant lesions is quite acceptable because of fast recovery and minimal morbidity. Laparoscopic curative surgery for advanced colorectal cancer, however, remains controversial because long-term oncologic outcomes are yet unavailable from multicenter randomized trials. Very recently, a timely important randomized study, focusing on the long-term survival and recurrence, was published. It showed laparoscopic resection had low risks of tumor recurrence and cancer-related death compared with open resection, especially in patients with stage III disease. The important message in this paper is not just that the laparoscopic approach is better, but that it may be better when performed by experienced hands. In this review, oncologic issues of laparoscopic cancer resection will be discussed, then the current role of laparoscopy for benign colorectal diseases will be briefly described. Finally, the proven and potential advantages of laparoscopic colectomy over open colectomy will be discussed. This article clearly reviews the current status and future perspectives of laparoscopic surgery for both benign and malignant colorectal indications.
Colectomy* ; Colon ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Hand ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Recurrence

After introduction of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the general surgery practice, the variety of minimal invasive surgery has been expanded year by year. In the early era of 1990th, the laparoscopic cholecystectomy was introduced to our country, and the patient volume & numbers were increased by improving surgical skills & experiences. Nowadays,many kinds of surgery can be done by laparoscopy or thoracoscopy in according to the surgeon's ability. The field of minimal invasive surgery can be divided into diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In primary & secondary care hospitals, there are many kinds of surgery easily accessible by laparoscopy and thoracoscopy. Cholecystectomy, appendectomy, herniorrhaphy, primary closure of peptic ulcer perforation, pneumothorax, empyema thorax and variable diagnostic procedures can be done. By improving surgical skills, more variable disease spectrums can be controlled by minimal invasive surgery in primary and secondary care hospitals in the future.
Appendectomy ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Empyema ; Herniorrhaphy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Peptic Ulcer Perforation ; Pneumothorax ; Secondary Care* ; Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive* ; Thoracoscopy ; Thorax

The modern achievement of minimally invasive surgery has focused primarily on the treatment of benign diseases. Consequently, cholecystectomy, hernia repair, and fundoplication represent the overwhelming majority of laparoscopic procedures in western countries. Historically, however, the 'keyhole' access to the abdominal cavity was intended to assess tumor spread or liver pathology. Creating a pneumoperitoneum has enabled surgeons to explore thoroughly specific areas of the abdomen such as the lesser sac, the subdiaphragmatic liver surface, or the lymph nodes at the celiac axis. In addition to using a laparoscopy for a diagnosis of benign diseases such as trauma and suspected appendicitis, as a logical consequence, operative diagnostic laparoscopy for purposes of staging malignancies related to the abdominal cavity has gained more and more attention.
Abdomen ; Abdominal Cavity ; Appendicitis ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cholecystectomy ; Diagnosis ; Fundoplication ; Herniorrhaphy ; Laparoscopy* ; Liver ; Logic ; Lymph Nodes ; Pathology ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Pneumoperitoneum ; Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive

No abstract available.
Early Detection of Cancer*