Focal osteoporotic bone marrow defect (FOBMD) is a radiolucent area corresponding to the presence of hematopoietic tissue rarely found in the jaws. FOBMD is most commonly located in the mandibular edentulous posterior area of a middle-aged female. From November 2011 to November 2012, we experienced three cases involving removal of implants that had accidentally fallen into the FOBMD area. All patients happened to be female, with a mean age of 54 years (range: 51-60 years). One case involved hypoesthesia of the lower lip and chin, while two cases healed without any complication. Displacement of an implant into the FOBMD area is an unusual event, which occurs rarely during placement of a dental fixture. The purpose of this study was to report on three cases of FOBMD and to provide a review of related literature.
Bone Marrow ; Chin ; Dental Implants ; Displacement (Psychology) ; Female ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Jaw ; Lip

Mandibular fractures in infants are rare. This case report describes management of a mandibular fracture in an 11-month-old infant using a microplate and screws with open reduction. The surgical treatment was successful. Because the bone fragments were displaced and only the primary incisors had erupted, conservative treatment, such as an acrylic splint and circummandibular wiring, was not recommended. Nine weeks after surgery, the microplate was removed. The results showed complete clinical and radiological bone healing with normal eruption of deciduous teeth.
Fracture Fixation ; Humans ; Incisor ; Infant ; Mandibular Fractures ; Splints ; Tooth, Deciduous

Lemierre syndrome is caused by an infection in the oropharyngeal region with subsequent thrombophlebitis in the internal jugular vein. The thrombus from the thrombophlebitis can invade other vital organs, such as liver, lungs, or joints, resulting in secondary infection, which further exacerbates the fatal prognosis of this syndrome. Lemierre syndrome, also called postanginal sepsis or necrobacillosis, was first reported by Dr. Lemierre in 1936. In his report, Lemierre mentioned that out of 20 patients who suffered from this syndrome, only two survived. He also stated that all of the 20 patients complained of infections in the palatine tonsils and developed sepsis and thrombophlebitis in the internal jugular vein. Once called a "forgotten disease," this syndrome showed a very high mortality rate until usage of antibiotics became prevalent. In this case report, the authors present a 71-year-old female patient who suffered from Lemierre syndrome with thrombosis extended to the right sigmoid sinus.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Coinfection ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Female ; Fusobacterium Infections ; Fusobacterium necrophorum ; Humans ; Joints ; Jugular Veins ; Lemierre Syndrome ; Liver ; Lung ; Palatine Tonsil ; Prognosis ; Sepsis ; Thrombophlebitis ; Thrombosis

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated implant success rate, survival rate, marginal bone resorption of implants, and material resorption of sinus bone graft in cases wherein tapered body implants were installed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From September 2003 to January 2006, 20 patients from Seoul National University Bundong Hospital, with a mean age of 54.7 years, were considered. The mean follow-up period was 19 months. This study covered 50 implants; 14 implants were placed in the maxillary premolar area, and 36 in the maxillary molar area; 24 sinuses were included. RESULTS: The success rate was 92%, and the survival rate was 96.0%. The mean amount of sinus augmentation was 12.35+/-3.27 mm. The bone graft resorption rate one year after surgery was 0.97+/-0.84 mm; that for the immediate implantation group was 0.91+/-0.86 mm, and that for the delayed implantation group was 1.16+/-0.77 mm. However, the difference was not statistically significant. The mean marginal bone resorption one year after restoration was 0.17+/-0.27 mm (immediate group: 0.12+/-0.23 mm; delayed group 0.40+/-0.33 mm); statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Tapered body implant can be available in the maxillary posterior edentulous ridge which sinus bone graft is necessary.
Bicuspid ; Bone Resorption ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Molar ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Transplants

OBJECTIVES: In three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT), the cant is evaluated by measuring the distance between the reference plane (or line) and the tooth. The purpose of this study was to determine the horizontal skeletal reference plane that showed the greatest correlation with clinical evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects were 15 patients who closed their eyes during the CT image taking process. The menton points of all patients deviated by more than 3 mm. In the first evaluation, clinical cant was measured. The distance from the inner canthus to the ipsilateral canine tip and the distance from the eyelid to the ipsilateral first molar were obtained. The distance between the left and right sides was also measured. In the second evaluation, skeletal cant was measured. Six reference planes and one line were used for the evaluation of occlusal cant: 1) FH plane R: Or.R - Or.L - Po.R; 2) FH plane L: Or.R - Or.L - Po.L; 3) F. Ovale plane R: Rt.F.Ovale - Lt.F.Ovale - Or.R; 4) F. Ovale plane L: Rt.F.Ovale - Lt.F.Ovale - Or.L; 5) FZS plane R: Rt.FZS - Lt.FZS - Po.R; 6) FZS plane R: Rt.FZS - Lt.FZS - Po.L, and; 7) FZS line: Rt.FZS - Lt.FZS. RESULTS: The clinical and skeletal cants were compared using linear regression analysis. The FH plane R, FH plane L, and FZS line showed the highest correlation (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The FH plane R and FH plane L are the most appropriate horizontal reference plane in evaluation of occlusal cant on 3D-CT.
Cephalometry ; Eye ; Eyelids ; Facial Asymmetry ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Molar ; Tooth

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the wound healing effect of primary cultured oral mucosal keratinocytes (OMKs) and to assess their roles in skin wounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: OMK labeled with BromodeoxyUridine were scattered onto 1.5x1.5 cm skin defects of adult female nude mice (OMK group, n=15). For the control, culture media were placed on the wound (control group, n=15). Mice in both groups were sacrificed at three days (n=5), one week (n=5), and two weeks (n=5), and histomorphometric and immunoblot analyses with keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1alpha antibody were performed for the biopsied wound specimen. To verify the effect of the cytokine, rhIL-1alpha was applied instead of OMK transplantation, and the OMK and control groups were compared with regard to re-epithelialization. RESULTS: Histomorphometric analyses demonstrated faster re-epithelialization in the graft group than in the control group at the third day, first week, and second week. Newly forming epithelium showed maintenance of the histological character of the skin epithelium. The graft group showed superior expression of KGF, IL-6, and IL-1alpha protein, compared with the control group. Similar faster re-epithelialization was observed after treatment with rhIL-1alpha instead of OMK transplantation. CONCLUSION: We successfully confirmed that the graft of primary cultured OMKs promoted regeneration of skin defects. The mechanism of accelerated wound healing by primary cultured OMKs was attributed to inducement of cytokine expression as required for re-epithelialization.
Adult ; Animals ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; Culture Media ; Epithelium ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukins ; Keratinocytes ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Primary Cell Culture ; Re-Epithelialization ; Regeneration ; Skin ; Tissue Engineering ; Transplants ; Wound Healing

Bone tissue engineering is one of the important therapeutic approaches to the regeneration of bones in the entire field of regeneration medicine. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are actively discussed as material for bone tissue engineering due to their ability to differentiate into autologous bone. MSCs are able to differentiate into different lineages: osteo/odontogenic, adipogenic, and neurogenic. The tissue of origin for MSCs defines them as bone marrow-derived stem cells, adipose tissue-derived stem cells, and, among many others, dental stem cells. According to the tissue of origin, DSCs are further stratified into dental pulp stem cells, periodontal ligament stem cells, stem cells from apical papilla, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, dental follicle precursor cells, and dental papilla cells. There are numerous in vitro/in vivo reports suggesting successful mineralization potential or osteo/odontogenic ability of MSCs. Still, there is further need for the optimization of MSCs-based tissue engineering methods, and the introduction of genes related to osteo/odontogenic differentiation into MSCs might aid in the process. In this review, articles that reported enhanced osteo/odontogenic differentiation with gene introduction into MSCs will be discussed to provide a background for successful bone tissue engineering using MSCs with artificially introduced genes.
Adult ; Bone and Bones ; Cell Differentiation ; Dental Papilla ; Dental Pulp ; Dental Sac ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Odontoblasts ; Osteoblasts ; Periodontal Ligament ; Regeneration ; Stem Cells ; Tissue Engineering ; Tooth, Deciduous ; Transfection

Dental implants using titanium have greatly advanced through the improvement of designs and surface treatments. Nonetheless, the anatomical limits and physiological changes of the patient are still regarded as obstacles in increasing the success rate of implants further, even with the enhancement of implant products. So there have been many efforts to overcome these limits. The intrinsic potential for bone regeneration can be stimulated through adjuvant treatments with the continuous improvement of implant properties, and this can play an important role in achieving optimum osseointegration toward peripheral bone tissue and securing ultimate long-term implant stability in standard surgical procedures. For this purpose, various chemical, biological, or biophysical measures were developed such as bone grafts, materials, pharmacological agents, growth factors, and bone formation proteins. The biophysical stimulation of bone union includes non-invasive and safe methods. In the beginning, it was developed as a method to enhance the healing of fractures, but later evolved into Pulsed Electromagnetic Field, Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound, and Low-Level Laser Therapy. Their beneficial effects were confirmed in many studies. This study sought to examine bone-implant union and its latest trend as well as the biophysical stimulation method to enhance the union. In particular, this study suggested the enhancement of the function of cells and tissues under a disadvantageous bone metabolism environment through such adjunctive stimulation. This study is expected to serve as a treatment guideline for implant-bone union under unfavorable circumstances caused by systemic diseases hampering bone metabolism or the host environment.
Bone and Bones ; Bone Regeneration ; Dental Implants ; Electromagnetic Fields ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Low-Level Light Therapy ; Osseointegration ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Proteins ; Titanium ; Transplants ; Ultrasonic Therapy

No abstract available.
Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

In the presence of acute pericoronitis of mandilbular third molar, antibiotic therapy and early incision and drainage are the method of choice, followed by definitive surgical extraction of the tooth as soon as it becomes subacute. If excision of the overlying tissues is decided on, it should be done adequately. All overlying tissues must be throughly excised, and the crown portion of the unerupted tooth should be completely exposed. After excision has been completed, the wound should be managed with a surgical dressing. This should be allowed to remain approximately 7 days. And then, surgical extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar can be done usually. In this operation, there are many complications, such as, postoperative bleeding, infection, trismus, dysphasia and paresthesia. The surgeon are discredited and medicolegal problem may be occurred in the presence of many distressed complications. Therefore, the relatively nonsurgical treatment is the method of choice. So, authors selected the conservative treatment methods of incision and drainage, primary endodontic drainage, operculectomy without surgical extraction of the mandibular third molars. The results were more favorable without the postoperative complication in Wonju old offender prison.
Aphasia ; Bandages ; Criminals ; Crowns ; Drainage ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Molar, Third ; Paresthesia ; Pericoronitis ; Postoperative Complications ; Prisoners ; Prisons ; Tooth ; Tooth, Unerupted ; Trismus