As both the neurometer and the electrodermometer are instruments which are designed to find the idiosyncracies of pathological reflexes on the surface of the body using special electrical sknpoint on the surface of the body as a reference, both give a certain amount of voltage and read the amount of the value of the electrical current and according to the largeness or smallness of that value measure the so-called electrical resistance. The substance of these readings are however by no means the same.
In other words, whereas the neurometer measures the resistance in real number parts of the peripheral impedance, the electrodermometer measures the complete impedance including imaginary number parts.
Therefore as physical information on the periphery of the body measured by the two instruments is different, the physiological and pathological meanings which are obtained from these readings are not the same and it must be assumed that the two have independent diagnostic characteristics.
In order to verify this using both instruments we took readings of the electrical current at the same 12 points. Results of examination of the relationship between the 2 sets of readings revealed that the level of correlation was extremely low and that there was almost no relation between the numerical values of the two.
These facts indicate, as we assumed theoretically, that the physiological-pathological characteristics of the special peripheral points which both instruments use as a reference are not identical. It can be stated that they have their own independent substance.
From the above research experience then it can be theoretically stated that in the future, in measuring the impedance on the body's surface, except when using the neurometer, it is necessary to limit as much as possible the contribution of the R factors, to limit study of the pure impedance factors and pathological factors to the electrostatic polarization of the special points on the surface of the body.

At the 30th general meeting of this association we reported the value of conducting a fundamental, methodological study of stellate ganglion insertion on the basis of clinical indications obtained from clinical results indicating that stellate ganglion insertion (hereafter referred to as SG insertion) on the affected side is appropriate for the treatment of the central sensory dis-turbances, especially numbness of the arms on the afflicted side, accompanying post cerebral apoplexy syndromes.
At this time we'd like to report, using cutaneous surface temperature as an index, the results of examinations of the inflnences exerted on circulatory fluctuation by SG insertion, from among our fundamental study of the functional mechanism of SG insertion.
The cutaneous surface temperature was measured using a Fujitsu made Infra-eye 150 thermograph. After the clothing from the upper half of the body was removed and the patient had rested in a sitting position for 20 minutes in a temperature-humieity controlled room, the body was monitored and from the picture obtained the cutaneous surface temperature at the 5 points used in this study, GB-14, LI-20, SI-18, _??__??_, and LI-14, measured.
There was no significant difference in the cutaneous surface temperatures at the facial points on healthy subjects and hemiplegia patients, however it was discovered that on points on the upper extremities the readings on the affected side were significantly lower than those of healthy subjects or those on the healthy side, moreover readings on affected sides in which numbness was reported were significantly lower than on the affected sides in cases in which no numbness was reported.
Results upon administering SG insertion to above cases in which there was reported numbness and measuring sutaneous surface temperatures periodically revealed that the difference in temperature 15 minutes after operations decreased slightly with a tendency to become greater than before operations 2 hours afterward. Also the interesting observation that the correlation of reciprocity of the 6 points varied acording to SG insertion, was made.

As a part of the study of Moxibusion, we have examind the leaves of Altemisia vulgaris L. var. indica Maxim (Altemisia) to clarify the structure of one by macroscopic, scanning electron microscopic and transmission electron microscopic observation.
We obtained results as follows;
First, when the structure of Altemisia grown in the sunlight was compared with one grown in the shade, the leaves of the former containd much hairs than one of the latter on both young and matured ones.
Second, the hairs of young leaves were dense, thick and short and the cross section of one showed round shape. On the other hand, in the hairs of matured leaves, their cross section were flat.
Third, as a result of comparison with Altemisia and Gnaphalium multiceps Wall (Gnaphalium), the former had some kinds of glandular hairs and head-form hair except T-form hair, although, the latter had only one kind of head-form hair except woolly hair.

In order to clarify the functional mechanism of the therapeutic effects of moxibustion, we have examined the influences exerted on the organism's defense system, especially the phagocytosis of the reticuloendothelial syntem in normal mice using the carbon clearance method.
Male ddY and ICR mice were used as experimental animals. The experiment was begun when the animals were 5 weeks old. The moxibustion methods involved 3 cones of 15mg or 5mg moxa at right and left LV-14.
We obtained results as follow; the global phagocytic index, K index and the corrected phagocytic index, α index, were increased 3hr after 5mg of moxa/animal treatment and K index increased 3hr and 24hr after 15mg of moxa/animal one in ddY mice.
On the other hand, in ICR mice, 15mg of moxa/animal treatment showed increase in α index after 3hr and increase in both K and α indexs after 120hr.
From the above, it is suggested that the moxibustion stimulation induced the enhancement of the phagocytic activity in normal mice.

Great interest has been paid to moxibustion from many thousand years ago as one of effective folk medicine, hewever while through the years only practical use has been emphasized, its scientific basis has remained unclear. About 60 years ago Dr. Shimetaro Hara studied on moxibustion histologically and pharmacologically and suspected the widespread meridian theory (theory of Keiraku) in explaination of the moxibustion effect and presented “non-specific heat aggregated autologous tissue protein therapy” theory. It can be said that his theory coincides with today's nonspecific immune regulatory therapy applied to cancer and immune deficient diseases.
Using 9 Week-old femal SLC-Wistar rats, we administered regular moxa moxibustion or electrical moxibustion under the same circumstances as regular moxa moxibustion daily fom definite duration. Following moxibustion, using 0.5mg of HG as an antigen together with Freund's incomplete adjuvant, we sensitized two sites on the foot pads of rats once or twice (2 weeks later).
On the 7th day after the primary or secondary sensitization 1.0mg of HγG in 0.1ml of saline was injected subcutaneously at an intact sites of foot pad and foot pad edema formed was measured periodically. Taking sheep red blood cells and using refined human IgG myeloma protein as an antigen and glutar-aldehyde an a fixing reagent, we admindstered PHA (passive hamagglutination) for the assay of serum antibody level of moxibusted animals.
In comparison with moxibustion, on the same schedule 5mg/kg of levamisole (LEV) was adminstered orally daily and results were examined.
The inflammatory edematous reaction which was induced with the HγG reached a peak 3 hour salter the antigen challenged on the intact foot pad, then gradually weakened until it returned to normal was an immediate type skin reaction.
This edema rection in the moxibustion group and the LEV group also when compared with the control group was significantly stregthened. The antibody titer according to the PHA reaction showed after the primary sensitization, no remarkable increase in the moxibustion group, in fact, the level was about the same as the control. After the secondary sensitization the antibody titer of the moxibustion group was much higher than that of the LEV group compared with the control.
And the strongest effects were obtained in the moxibustion and LEV group. As an immune activator, the functional mechanism of moxibustion compared with levamisole which is said to have some function on the T cells will become clear in the future.
Moreover, it will be clinically possible to use moxibustion as a supplementary therapy to build up the immune response.

In the acupuncture clinic the method of selecting treatment points by measuring the electrical resistance of the skin has been widely used. It has become known that depending on the measuring period and the loaded voltage, the low resistance points of the skin are easily created, thus there remain many problems of the methods for measuring the skin resistance.
The present study was performed on the forearm skin of human subjects. For the measuring electrode an Ag-AgCl wire electrode with a diameter of 0.5mm was used. The electrode was fixed up to a FD-pick up (Nihon Kohden) and monitoring the pressure applied to the skin. A metal rod wrapped in a piece of gauze soaked with saline solution was used as the indifferent electrode. The skin resistance was calculated by measuring the current pass the both electrodes with a fixed resistance (10KΩ) Placed in series in the circuit when a square pulse (10msec, 4V) was appqied to the skin.
By used of the spuare pulse the low resistance points of the skin are stably detected when they are measured repeatedly. On the other hand, by of -DC 10 Volt, tce low resistance points gradually increase in number and lowering the resistance value by repeated measurerents. The sweat glands and hair follicle also show the low resistance value.
In conclusion, we could not distinguish the “true” low resistance points from sweat gland and other resistance destroyed points by measuring current clearly. But the square pulse method for measuring the skin resistance is useful to detect the low resistance point.

In order to, when administering moxibustion therapy, reach the effective temperature as quickly as possible with as litte as possible injury to the surface of the skin, we devised a heat-sense moxibustion apparatus using thermo-modules.
In patients such as those with a predisposition to diabetes mellitus, there is a danger that a burn on the surface of the skin may cause serious complications. The use of this apparatus limits or removes such dangers and makes it possible to elevate the therapeutic results. This apparatus, in order to reduce burn injuries immediately switches to cooling when the effective heat stimulation level is reached, thus continuous burn therapy is being administered.
We will report on the influences on the sugar tolerance capacity at the time of stimulation at ST-36 using this machine.

As reported in a previous paper, acupuncture stimulus at 8 meridian points, CV-3, ST-25, BL-20, BL-18, LI-11, ST-36, SP-8 and LV-3 revealed significant increase in supplementary secretion of insulin during OGTT in normal subjects.
In this study it was cauied out to evaluate effect on secretion of insulin during OGTT using the same 8 meridian points individually as acupuncture stimulus.
It was clear that supplementay secretion, total secretion and secretion response of insulin during OGTT showed a highly significant increase by acupuncture stimalus at LI-11 and supplementary secretion and secretion response of it resulted in a marked increase at LV-3. However, no significant changes of insulin secretion were observed at ST-36 and ST-25.
The results suggested that significant differeuce in insulin secretion existed among these meridian points which used popularly for diabetes mellitus.

Until this time a great deal of research of acupuncture therapy for diabetes mellitus has appeared, however very few reports have examined the relationship with the blood sugar value in most of the cases. Using 111 cases of diabetes mellitus treated over the past 5 years as subjects we performed a clinical study of acupuncture and moxibustion.
Therapy was divided into general treatment, normally administered generally, and classified treatment administered according to specific symptoms.
From among the 111 cases, eliminating 36 cases in which therapy was discontinued within 2 months of the start and 21 cases in which blood sugar was untested, there were 54 cases in which the blood sugar count was distinct.
Results were evaluated as one of 4 ranks, Excellent, Good, Stable, Ineffective, according to the improvement in the blood sugar count.
Results were excellent in 19 cases, good in 7 cases, stable in 18 cases and ineffective in 10 cases. The blood sugar count improved in about half of the cases.
Examining the relationship between the medical history and results, and the period of treatment and results, it was found that treatment was ineffective mostly in cases in which the history was long or in cases in which treatment was discontinued within a year.
A tendency was noted for good therapeutic results to be in direct proportion to the shortness of the disease history. Considering relationship with individual symptoms, there were no ineffective cases which showed accompanying symptoms of dryness of the mouth or fatigue. No remarkable relationship between the highness or lowness of the blood sugar count and therapeutic results appeared. Excellent results were observed even in cases in which the blood sugar count was high enough to warrant the use of insulin or oral anti-diabetic drug.
Thus it can be said that acupuncture-moxibustion therapy is a treatment method of applicable value for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

1. Purpose: To determine whether or not there are special appetite control points on the ear and clarify the functional mechanism of the same.
2. Method: A total of 50 male and female outpatients ranging in age from 18 to 45 with simple obesity, the level of which was above 120% were divided randomly into 2 treatment groups, SHINMON Treatment Group (hereafter referred to as P group) and Lung Treatment Group (hereafter referred to as A group), and stationary insertion of needles at the respective points on the right ears of the patients for a period of 2 weeks was administered. A comparative examination was made of pre and post treatment changes in appetite and weight as well as in levels of various components which can be considered to be related with appetite such as blood metabolism substances (Glucose, NEFA) and hormones (Insulin, Gastrin, Secretin). Also in order to examine the influences on the stomach factors related to intake regulation, gastrin secretion activity before and after the loading of 300ml. of water was examined. Concerning the appetite suppressing effect, the lowering of food intake, aggravation of feelings of fullness and lessening of hunger were evaluated with one of 4 or 5 ranks recorded on an examination chart daily throughout the treatment.
The evaluation system was designed such that attributing a numerical value to each of the evaluation ranks the largest possible sum total was 8 points, the lowest 2 points. The average of the values over the two week period was considered the appetite decreasing point total. (hereafter referred to as ADP).
3. Results: In P group results were Excellent (ADP≥6) in 2 cases, effective (4.56) in 2 cases, slightly effective (3.0≤ADP<4.5) in 5 cases, ineffective (-1≤ADP<3) in 14 cases and impairing (ADP<-1) in 1 case.
In A group results were excellent in 8 cases, effective in 6 cases, slightly effective in 1 case, ineffective in 9 cases. dropping out in 1 case, . There were no cases of impairment. Statistically there was a significant difference between the occurence of excellent results (P<0.05), moreover a significant difference (P<0.005) was observed between the occurence of effective results or better.
The weight loss was significant in both groups however was remarkable in A group. No significant difference was recorded in any of the pre-post treatment check categories in P group; in A group only the insulin at the time of an empty stomach dropped significantly (P<0.05). There was no correlation between this drop and weight loss.
Significant activation (P<0.05) of pre-post water loading occurred only following Lung point therapy.
4. Conclusion: Special appetite decreasing points exist in the ear. The points function to reduce insulin at the time of an empty stomach and to aggravate gastrin secretion due to the loading of 300ml. of water.