Objective Cerebral artery vasospasm is a major cause of death and disability in patients experiencing subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Vasospasm typically has been evaluated using angiography to examine narrowing of large diameter (>1 mm) cerebral arteries. Currently, little is known regarding the impact of SAH on small diameter (100～200 μm) cerebral arteries, which play an important role in the autoregulation of cerebral blood flow. The goal of the current study was to examine the influence of SAH on the pressure-diameter relationship of these small diameter blood vessels. Methods Small diameter cerebral arteries were obtained from a rabbit SAH model. Isolated artery segments were canulated and placed in a myograph chamber superfused with warmed, oxygenated, physiological saline solution. Diameter measurements were then recorded to step-wise increases in intravascular pressure. Results Cerebral arteries from SAH animals exhibited a significant increase in pressure-induced constrictions (myogenic tone) at intravascular pressures between 40 mmHg and 120 mmHg. At intravascular pressures above 120 mmHg, myogenic tone began to decrease and was abolished at pressures above 180 mmHg. Conclusion These data suggest that in the days following SAH, myogenic tone is enhanced in small diameter cerebral arteries subjected to physiological levels of intravascular pressure. However, supra-physiological intravascular pressures causes vasodilation, suggesting small diameter cerebral arteries may act as therapeutic targets of hypervolemia, hemodilution, and hypertension "Triple H therapy" used in the treatment of cerebral artery vasospasm.

110 patients under three years of age with pneumonia were admitted to this hospital in a period from August of 1982 to March of 1983. There were 68 males and 42 females. The patients were randomly divided into Group A and Group B .The symptoms and signs, the laboratory data, and the severity and duration of the illness of the patients of both groups were similar.After admission, laboratory examinations including WBC counts, throat swab cultures and determinations of immunity function were performed and chest x-ray films were taken for all the patients. Regular treatments were given to all of them but the patients of Group A received TDP radiation in addition.After comparing the clinical courses of the two groups, the authors found that TDP could cause more rapid disappearance of cough and moist rales in the lungs, shorten the time of recovery and the whole course of hospitalization, and hasten the absorption of pulmonary infiltrations as seen from the x-ray films. Furthermore, TDP is helpful to promote the immunity function by raising many immune indices. And the rate of lymphocyte transformation was also increased. Its influence on the bringing down of the fever to normal is not very remarkable.It is concluded that TDP radiation is a simple, safe and effective treatment for pneumonia and it is suitable to be used in children.

110 cases of infantile diarrhoea were admitted to this institute in a period from Aug. 30 to Dec. 22 of 1982.The patients were randomly divided into two groups, the TDP group and the control group. The general condition and the age distribution of the patients of both groups were similar. The patients of the TDP group received only TDP radiation instead of antibiotics and those of the control group received antibiotics therapy but no TDP. Other treatments such as fluid replacement, dietary regulation, etc, were the same in two groups. Stool samples were sent for routine examination and bacterial culture and blood samples for the determinations of the electrolyte levels, CO2CP, and immunity function for all the patients right after admission as well as just before discharge. The cure rate and course of the disease were similar in two groups. However the pathogenic organisms could still be revealed in the stool of the patients of the TDP group after recovery. But the rate of lymphocyte transformation was significantly higher in the patients of TDP group.It is concluded that TDP radiation is a simple, safe and effective treatment for infantile diarrhoea but its therapeutic mechanism remains obscure.

The histological and ultrastructural changes in cerebellum of mice exposed whole-body irradiation with high doses of 60Coy-ray were studied in this paper. The animals suffered from acute radiation sickness of CNS form, intermediate form and intestinal form after 16000, 8000 and 4000 rads irradiation respectively. The nuclear shrinkage of the cerebellar granular cells was the most prominent change after irradiation. The cellular necrosis was found only in individural cells. The shrinkage of nucleus, different from necrosis, with characteristic ultrastructural features, tended to recover as manifested by the appearance of nucleolus, increase of free polysomes and well development of Golgi apparatus. It was considered that the cerebellar granular cells were rather resistent to, the radiation. Some pathological changes of small blood vessels in cerebellum were also observed, but was not responsible for the degeneration of the neurons.

The origin of 200 occipital arteries on 100 cadavers were investigated. 199 cases of the occipital arteries originated from the external carotid artery and only one was found arising from the common carotid. The artery arised as an independent stem in 80.5% of cases and from a common stem with other arteries in 19.5%. In 85.6% of cases the site of origin of the artery was within 10mm above or below the mandibular level. In addition, the sites of origin of the occipital and facial arteries were compared. It was found that the site of the occipital artery was usually higher than that of the facial artery in contrary to the statement of the conventional textbooks that they are in a level opposite to each other.

The thoracic aorlae of 39 goats and the inferior venae cavae of 9 goats were anastomosed experimentally with the Large Blood Vessel Anastomat. The pathological changes of these vessels were observed dynamically within one year after the operation. It was found that the Large Blood Vessel Anastomat was rather effective. The vessels anastomosed with this instrument showed a better result than those anastomosed with manual suture.

Rocket immunoelectrophoresis was used to determine the fibrin (ogen) degradation products, the appearance of which is one of the important criteria of the fibrinolytic process. Compared with the plasma protamine paracoagulation test, counterelectrophoresis, or Fi and staphylococcal clumping test, this method was more specific, easier to be reproduced, and more accurate quantitatively. There was no false negative or false positive results. This method was considered to be useful in determining whether there is any increase of the fibrinolytic activity.

The changes of lysosomes of the hepatocytes in 27 healthy female rats aged 1, 5, 15, 30, 50, and 90 days respectively were observed on morphometry and by studying the ultrastructures with electron microscope. The results are as following:1. The volume density and numerical density of the lysosomes of rat hepatocytes are markedly increased as the age increases.2. The lysosomes originally scattered in cytoplasm gradually migrate to the periphery of bile canaliculi.3. The proportion among certain forms of secondary lysosome changes as the rats grow older and the alteration of autophagic vacuoles is more prominant than others.The significance of the lysosome changes mentioned above was discussed. The author, considering from all the results, suggests that the time around five days after the birth of the rats is a critical period for the development of the lysosomes of rat hepatocytes.

The toxicity of HCN inhaled via the respiratory tract in dogs and the therapeutic effects of DMAP and AmNO2 for such form of HCN intoxication were studied. The LD50 of HCN when inhaled was 850.4?80.4?g/kg.When the dosage of 2?LD50 of HCN was given to the experimental animals, the signs of intoxication developed rapidly. Uneasiness, struggling, strident barking, and respiratory excitation were observed several seconds after the exposure. Subsequently there was spasm of the extensors and rigidity of the extremities. Finally general inhibition and paralysis ensued. Respiration and heart beat stopped 6 and 7 minutes after exposure. If DMAP (3.25 mg/kg intramuscularly) or AmNO2 (2 ampules through inhalation) was administered 15 seconds after exposure, the survival rate of the animals was 90% or 100% respectively.When the dosage of 4?LD50 of HCN was inhaled and the two drugs were administered 45 seconds after exposure, the survival rate of the animals treated with DMAP remained as high as 90% (9/10) .But the survival rate of those treated with two ampules of AmNO2 or even three ampules reduced to 20% or 40% respectively.The amount of HCN inhaled during respiratory intoxication, the problems of early diagnosis and the administration of DMAP at the site of accident were analyzed and discussed.

The vessels and nerves in the pectoacromial region were dissected under an operative microscope on 50 human specimens. The main blood supply of this region comes from the thoracoacromial artery. Its deltoid, pectoral, and clavicular branches all have secondary branches to the pectoralis major. In 94% of the cases, the .deltoid branch sends out a cutaneous branch known as the thoracoacromial cutaneous branch. Its external caliber is 1.22mm in average and it distributes over the cutaneous region covering the anterior portion of the del-toideus, the subclavian fossa, and the upper portion of the pectoralis major with an average area of 80.63cm2.An extended pectoralis major myocutaneous flap can be designed taking the thoracoacromial artery or its deltoid branch as its pedicle. This myocutaneous flap can contain an axial skin flap supplied by the thoracoacromial cutaneous branch.