Objective:The pathogenesis of endometriosis(EMT)was explored by detecting the relationship of progesterone receptors(PR)and apoptosis-associated factors with EMT.Methods:Immunohistochemical imaging analysis was used to quantify the expression of PR,Bcl-2 and Bax in ectopic and eutopic endometrium in patients with EMT.Results:Expressions of PR and Bcl-2 in eutopic endometrium are higher than those in ectopic endometrium(P<0.05).Expression of Bax in ectopic endometrium is higher than that in eutopic endometrium(P<0.05).There is no statistical difference of PR,Bcl-2 and Bax expression between proliferative and secretary endometrium.Conclusions:Either in proliferative or secretary phase,expressions of PR in eutopic endometrium are higher than those in ectopic endometrium,thus eutopic endometrium is more liable to proliferate in low level continuously,migrate and implant.Expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax in eutopic and ectopic endometrium have no relationship with endometrium cycling.The apoptosis of ectopic endometrium is weakened and its proliferative power is continuously enhanced.

Objective:To study the correlation between the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in fetal membrane and premature rupture of membranes. Methods: 18 samples were selected separately from each of the following groups: puerpera with term pregnancy in labor, puerpera with term premature rupture of membranes(PROM), puerpera in preterm labor, puerpera with pre-tenm PROM and puerpera with term pregnancy not in labor (control group). After labor, fetal membranes in the rupture site were taken out. Immunobistochemistry and pathologic image multimedia operation system were adopted to semiquantitative analyze the area integrated optical density (AIOD) of the positive expression of BMP-2 and MMP-9. Results:①The AIOD of BMP-2 and MMP-9 positive expression in fetal membranes was higher in term pregnancy in labor group, term PROM group, preterm labor group and PROM group than that in control group. There was statistic difference ( P < 0. 0071). ②The AIOD of BMP-2 and MMP-9 in term PROM group was higher than that in term pregnancy in labor group(P=0.0065,P=0.0069), which was higher in PROM group than that in preterm labor group (P=0.0069, P = 0.0052) and term PROM group P=0.0037, P =0.0065),③There was obviously positive correlation between BMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in the fetal membranes in five groups. ( r_s =0.76159,P<0.0001). Conclusions: The expression of MMP-9 and BMP-2 is closely relevant to the repture of membranes. There is a correlation between BMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in fetal membranes.

Objective:To study the effect of miR-18a on expression of estrogen receptor alpha in human normal trophoblast cells(HTR-8).Methods:The synthesized miR-18a (miR-18amimics,miR-18a inhibitor and blank carrier) were transfected into HTR-8 cells.Experiment included experimental group 1,pre-miRNA un-transfection group(NC group) and experimental group 3.RT-PCR detected the expression of miR-18a in the three groups.RT-PCR and Western-blot detected the expression of ERα mRNA and protein in the transfected HTR-8 cells.Results:According to the results of RT-PCR,the expressions of miR-18a in experimental group 1 (0.880 ± 0.060) was significantly higher than that of NC group(0.407 ±0.019) (P ＜0.05),and the expressions of miR-18a in experimental group 3(0.160 ±0.014) was significantly lower than that of NC group(0.407 ±0.019) (P＜0.05);After transfected for 48 hours,there was no significant difference between the expression of ERα mRNA between experimental group 1 (0.249 ±0.003) and NC group(0.313 ±0.010) (P＞0.05),the expression of ERα mRNA in transfected cells in experimental group 3 (0.823 ± 0.023)was significantly higher than that of NC group (P ＜ 0.05);Western-blot results showed that the expression of ERα protein of experimental group 3(1.030 ±0.006) was significantly higher than that of NC group(0.960 ±0.008) (P ＜ 0.05);the expression of ERα protein of experimental group 1 (0.660 ±0.013)was significantly lower than that of NC group (0.960 ± 0.008) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions:in human normal trophoblast cells,miR-18a may play regulatory role in the expression of ERα both in mRNA and protein levels.

Objective:To investigate the high risk factors of pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients with type Ⅰ endometrial carcinoma in order to provide the basis for making reasonable operation scope.Methods:Risk factors of pelvic lymph node metastasis were analyzed in 136 cases of type Ⅰ endometrial carcinoma.Univariate analysis was performed with Chi square test or Fisher's exact probability method,and multivariate analysis was performed with a logistic regression mode.Results:The positive rate of pelvic lymph nodes in 136 patients with type Ⅰ endometrial carcinoma was 9.56％ (13/136).Univariate analysis showed that histological grade,size of lesion,depth of myometrial invasion and vascular invasion were related to lymph node metastasis(P ＜0.05);Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that low differentiation,deep muscular invasion,tumor diameter≥2 cm and LVSI were independent risk factors of pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients with type Ⅰ endometrial carcinoma(P ＜0.05).Conclusions:The rate of pelvic lymph node metastasis is low in type Ⅰ endometrial carcinoma.Patients with low differentiation,deep muscular invasion,tumor diameter≥2 cm and LVSI are more likely to occur pelvic lymph node metastasis in type Ⅰ endometrial carcinoma.

Objective:To investigate the amplification of the telomerase RNA component (TERC) gene in cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) using dual-color interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and its significance in screening of cervical lesion. Methods:Cervical cast-off cell specimens were screened from 120 outpatients with cervical lesion, including normal cell from liquid based cytology (20 cases), CIN Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and cervical cancer cell from liquid based cytology (each of 25 cases). The amplification of TERC gene in cervical cast-off cells was detected by dual-color interphase FISH. The results of normal samples were used to set up the threshold. Results:①The percentages of abnormal cells in CIN Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and cervical cancer were significantly higher than threshold value ( P<0.05), and the percentage of abnormal cells was increased with the serious degree of pathological grade (P<0.01) ; ②The percentagesof 2:3,2:4,2:5 and great than or equal to 4:4 types in CIN Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and cervical cancer were significantdifferences (all P<0.01). The percentages of 2:4,2:5 and great than or equal to 4:4 types in cervical cancer were significant higher than that in CIN Ⅰ (P<0.001) while the percentage of 2:3 type was significant lower than that in it (P<0.001);③The percentage of abnormal cells was increased with the serious degree of cytological grade (P<0.01) in different cytological grades. The percentages of 2:3,2:5 and great than or equal to 4:4 types in atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS), low-grade squamous intraepithe-lial lesions (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) were significant differences (all P <0.01), and the percentages of 2:5 and great than or equal to 4:4 types in HSIL were significant higher than that in ASCUS( P <0.01) while the percentage of 2:3 type was significant lower than that in it ( P <0.01);④The detection rates of LSIL and HSIL with cytological examination in low grade and high grade CIN were 40% (10/25) and 62% (31/50) respectively, which were significant lower than the detection rates of FISH which was 100%(P<0.05).Conclusions:There is an abnormal amplification of TERC gene in CIN Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and cervical cancer, and its copy numbers are increased with the serious degree of pathological and cytological grades. Detection of amplification of TERC gene in cervical cast-off cells with FISH has a certain value for screening cervival lesion and prediction of lesion progression.

Objective:The expression of Hsp40 in epithelial ovarian cancer and its correlation with clinical pathology were investigated. Methods:The expression of Hsp40 was detected by immunohistochemistry in 45 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer and 20 cases of benign ovarian tumor and 20 cases of normal ovary. Sta-tistical analysis was done to correlate the expression of Hsp40 with pathological characteristics. Results:The expression of Hsp40 in epithelial ovarian cancer was significantly higher than benign ovarian tumor and nor-mal ovary, the positive rates were 62.2% ,25.0% and 20.0% respectively ( P <0.01 ). There was no signifi-cant correlation between the expression of Hsp40 and clinical stages, histological grades,with or without me-testasis, with or without residual tumor. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Log - rank analysis showed that the survival time in Hsp40 expression negative patients was significantly longer than those positive expression patients( P <0.01 ). Cox analysis showed residual tumor size was the only one covariant factor, the expres-sion of Hsp40 was not significantly relevant to prognosis. Conclusions. Hsp40 may play an important role in the occurrence and development of epithelial ovarian cancer.

Objective:Human capillary lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) were isolated and cultured to assist further investigation of the function of lymphatic vessels generation during cancer metastasis. Methods:Human skin was digested by type I collagenase. Cells were isolated using magnetic beads which were marked by monoclonal antibodies against the extracellular domain of VEGFR-3, and purified by cloning col-umn. The morphology and structure of cells were observed by microscopy. Immunophenotype was identified by immunofluorescence. Cell growth curve was recorded to measure the effect of VEGF-C protein. Results:LECs exhibited the typical cobblestone morphology as monolayer growth pattem under microscopy. Enlarged nucleus and rich cytoplasm with bubbles were found under electromicroscopy. LECs specific markers inclu-ding VEGFR-3, LYVE-1, Podoplaninand D2-40 all were positive. VIII factor as specific marker of blood ves-sel endothelium cells (BVECs) was negative. VEGF-C induced a marked increase of cell proliferation. Con-clusions:Human dermal LECs could be harvested successfully using collagenase digestion, immunomagnet-ic beads sorting and clonic column purification.

Objective:To evaluate the role of the retinoic acid raceptor α (RARα) , retinoic acid receptor β(RARp) , estrogen receptor(ER) and progesterone receptor(PR) in the clinical pathological stage, histologcal classification and the muscular invasive depth of the endometrial carcinoma through detecting the expression of these receptors.Methods:48 paraffin sections with endometrial carcinoma by pathological conformation ware selected.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of RARα, RARβ, ER and PR.The relationship between these raceptors and the clinical pathological parameters was evaluated.Results:①The positive expression ratio of the RARα and RARβ were 47.92% (23/48) and 25.00% (12/48) respectively.The level of RARα was higher than that of RARβ (P<0.05).②The expression of RARα in the endometrial carcinoma increased with the increasing of the pathological stage and the decreasing of the histological differentiation (P<0.05).But the expression of these two receptors had no significant relation with the histological classification and the muscular invasive depth (P >0.05).③The level of the RARβ was consistent with that of the ER and PR, and it decreased with the increasing of the malignant extent of the endometrial adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05) ,and had no significant relation with the pathological stage, the histological classification and the muscular invasive depth (P >0.05).④The expression of RARβ was positively correla ted to the expression of ER and PR, but the expression of RARα was negatively correlated to the expression ER and PR.Conclusions :There is expression of RARα、RARβ in endometrial carcinoma, and it has close relationship between the expression of RARα and the development of endometrial carcinoma.The absence of the RARβ expression and the high expression of the RARα are related to the histological classification of endometrial carcinoma.

Objective:To study the effects of the Gekko gecko ethanol extract on granular cells apoptosis of rat ovaries.Methods :3 month and 6 month female Wistar rats were taken in this study, and 20 rats were in each age group.Each age group were randomly divided into two groups(experimental group and control tragastric administration in experimental group, corresponding volume of 0.9% sodium chloride was given in control group by the same way.Apoptosis of granular cells and distribution of cell cycle in rat ovary were measured by terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated d-UTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and propidi-um iodide(PI) staining, AnnexinV/PI double labelling staining by flow cytometry (FCM) after administration for 15 days.Re8utts:The apoptosis numbers of granular cells in 3 month and 6 month age experimental group were 34 ±7 and 53 ±11, in control group were 48±9 and 76±17 respectively by TUNEL.There was signrficantly statistic difference (P <0.01).The apoptosis rates in 3 month and 6 month age experimental group were(6.06 ±2.01)% and (12.16 ±3.26) % , in the control group were (8.23±2.13) % and (23.69 ±6.28)% respectively by PI staining.There was significantly statistic drfference (P <0.05).However, no significant difference was found between two groups in cellular cycle distribution (P > 0.05).Early apoptosis rates in 3 month and 6 month age experimental group were (6.71±3.11) % and (23.74±6.28) % , in the control group were (19.05 ±5.78) % and (36.55± 8.35) % respectively by AnnexinV/PI double labelling staining FCM.There was significantly statistic difference (P <0.01).The apoptosis of granular cells were sig-nificantly less in experimental groups comparing wrth control groups both in 3 month and 6 month age group (P<0.01 or P<0.05).Conclusions :The ethanol extract of gekko gecko can inhibit the apoptosis of granu-lar cells in rat ovary, then improves the ovary function and delay ageing of rat.

Objective:The characteristics and changes of the three-dimensional micro structure of human placenta in Early-onset severe preeclampsia (EOSP) were quantified, and the relationship of morphologic features and the poor fetal prognosis was explored. Methods:10 patients were recruited in EOSP group, 10 normal blood pressure premature pregnancy were as control group. Ultrathin sections were observed by elec-tron microscope. The Vv,Sv,Nv of plancenta were measured by stereology method. These parameters were compared between the two groups. Results:①In EOSP group, the miorovillus at the bottom of syncytial was sparse and swollen. The mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were swollen and dilated. The deposition of lipid granules were increased.②The Vv, Sv of mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum in EOSP group were significant augmented than control groups( P<0.01 ). There was no significant difference of Nv in mitochon-drion and endoplasmic reticulum between two groups ( P >0.05). ③The Vv,Sv, Nv of microvilli in EOSP group were smaller than those in control group ( P < 0.01 ). Conclusions. In EOSP, the microstructure of placenta is impaired, thus the synthesis and transportation function of placenta were affected, so fetus could be injured subsequently.