For the first time in Daklak, S. typhi strains were isolated from cases of suspected typhoid fever. MIC was investigated on 50 strains of S. typhi in Daklak from 1996-1998. The results were as following: All these isolated S.typhi strains were fully sensitive to common antibiotics (1g/ml for Tetracycline, Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and 4 g/ml for Ampicillin, Nalidixic acid and the third generation cephalosporin (Ceftriaxone M.I.C=0.125 g/ml) and the fluoquinolones (Ofloxacin M.I.C =0.25 g/ml), especially to 16% of Chloramphenicol-resistant isolates (with M.I.C = 64 g/ml). This is a great difference to compare with S.typhi strains isolated in Northern and Southern in Vietnam. Concerning the plasmid profile analysis, from 50 strains of S.typhi, the results showed that: All these strains did not harbour any R-plasmid. 43 strains harboured a plasmid lower than 70 Md. 7 strains did not harbour any kind of plasmids.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; drugs ; Salmonella typhi

The study was performed on 90 Salmonella typhi strains isolated from patients in Hanoi, Hue and Ho Chi Minh city. The results showed that: the multi-antibiotic resistant Salmonella typhi strains have already spread over the country; 2 plasmid with size about 120 kilobase (Kb) and 102 Kb. Plasmid 120 Kb is conjugated, self-transmitted R-plasmid and carrying at least 5 antibiotic resistant genes to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The initial analysis by a restricted enzyme of EcoRi showed that these self-transmitted R-plasmid in S.typhi strains isolated in 3 areas Hanoi, Hue and Hochiminh city maybe the same origin.
Salmonella typhi ; R Factors ; epidemiology

Cyclopora cayetanensis (C. cayetanensis) is a protozoan responsible for acute diarrheal diseases, frequently reported in inter-tropical areas. A year-long epidemiological survey of public drinking water supply was carried out in Hanoi to determine if this pathogen was found in water, and if seasonal variation was noted. Cyclopora cayetanensis was found in water supply and tap water in Hanoi: Badinh (25.9%), Hoankiem (19.5%), Dongda, (19.6%), Haibatrung(25%). This strain occured in 4 seasons but higher in the summer. The isolated strains had the same gene sequences with the pathogenous strain in human.
Water ; epidemiology ; diagnosis

The study was performed on 496 healthy children under five year- old age living in Hagiang and Quangninh province to discover of carrying of H.influenzae and S.pneumoniae. The results showed that: The carries with H.influenzae in Vixuyen (Hagiang) were 24% and 14.7% in Vandon (Quangninh). Ones with S.pneumoniae were 10.7% in Vixuyen (Hagiang) and 15% in Vandon (Quangninh). Antibiotic resistance level of H.influenzae in Hagiang: co-trimoxarol 34.6%, chloramphenicol 23.1%, ampicillin 7.7%; in Vandon (Quangninh): co-trimoxarol 15%, chloramphenicol 12.8%, ampixiclin 7.5%..; no one of these strains resisted to cefuroxim axetil and norfloxacin. Antibiotic resistance level of S.pneumoniae in Vixuyen (Hagiang): co-trimoxarol 17.5%, chloramphenicol 12.5%, ampixiclin 7.7%.., no one of these strains resisted to benzyn-penixiclin; In Vandon (Quangninh): co-trimoxarol 17.5%, chloramphenicol 12.5%, no one of these strains resisted to benzyn-penixiclin.
Child ; Haemophilus influenzae ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; epidemiology

The entry of gastric carcinoma cells ASG via the interaction of the vesicles of Helicobacter pylori VNH-85 strain was studied. The results showed that: The vesicles of Helicobacter pylori contained many protein toxins such formed from the outer membrane of bacterium H. pylori. The entry of them into gastric carcinoma cells ASG C120 led to increased synthesis of interleukin IL-8. So that, protein CagA could enter into gastric epithelium cells via interaction of bacteria, into gastric epithelium cells, protein CagA increased synthesis of interleukin IL-8 over 8 times.
Helicobacter pylori ; Cells ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Bacterial Proteins

Study was performed on 100 serum samples of patients (15-70 aged) treated of gastro-duodenal diseases and 31 healthy persons by Immunoblot assay. The results showed that: the prevalence of H.pylori positive in patients with gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and gastritis was 76.5, 95.8 and 73%, respectively. The prevalence of H. pylori seropositive was found 64.5% in healthy persons. The prevalence of anti-CagA and anti-VacA antibodies was 86.2% and 60.6% (respectively) in patients and was 70% and 40% (respectively) in healthy person.
Antigens, Bacterial ; Bacterial Proteins ; Helicobacter pylori ; Antibodies ;

The bactericidal efficacy of chitosan cream on burn wounds of 82 burn patients with degree II, III, area 4-50%, in National Burn Institute was evaluated. The results of the study showed that: chitosan had a good bactericidal efficacy to bacteria infected burn wounds, led by S.aureus, followed by enterobacterial. Chitosan cream had very high efficacy at burn wounds, the amount of bacteria decreased clearly 14 days after treatment. The bactericidal efficacy of chitosan cream was similar to silver sulfadiazine cream 1%.
Burns ; Wounds and Injuries ; Chitosan ; Bacteria

A study was conducted among 427 HIV-positive patients at Bach Mai hospital in 6 months early 2002. The results showed that: the rate of HIV- positive patients in anti-HCV positive group was 81.03%, the rate of HBsAg in HIV- positive patients was 18.26%. The rate of co-infection of Hepatitis C virus, Hepatitis B virus in HIV- positive patients was 14.9%. The rate of hepatitis C virus infection in HIV- positive persons infected through injecting drug use was 88.5%; in HIV- positive persons infected both through injecting drug use and sex was 83.67%. The rate of HIV- positive in patients infected through sex was 47.44%
Epidemiology ; Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis B virus ; HIV

Studying on 643 stone-induced urinary tract infection patients at hospital to evaluate of several methods in diagnosis of urinary tract infections by direct microscopic examination of urine and urine culture followed by microscopy. The results indicated: the rates of urinary tract infections defined by methods were different. All of methods (not include nitrite) were correspond to urine culture method. The specificity and sensitivity of direct microscopic methods such as Gram stain were 73.825% and 99.55%, of leukocyte is 85.65 % and 78.20%, respectively...
Diagnosis ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Hospitals ; methods

Biological molecular methods were used to determinate ABO genotype determination. This method allowed extract DNA from biological samples (blood, saliva, hair root) for PCR reaction. Using PCR technique and enzymes, there were 1/3 individuals that have homozygote genotypes AA, BB, OO; 2/3 were heterozygote. In addition, this method could determine samples DNA samples from blood stains, saliva stains and hair root cells... So it has very important role in medical examination.
Methods ; ABO Blood-Group System ; Molecular Biology