Objectives:To study the clinicopathological features of extraovarian peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma.Methods:The clinical pictures and pathological characteristics of 6 cases extraovarian peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma admitted to our hospital from 1992 to 1999 were studies retrospectively.H & E staining,histochemical staining and immunohistochemical staining were used.Results:The ages of the 6 patients were between 32～62(43.7) years old.The bilateral ovaries and fallopian tubes were almost normal.Tumors were examined histomorphologically by microscope and electron microscope,periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain was used in the histochemical study and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA),CA125,p53,AE1 and AE3 monoclonal antibody assays were detected immunohistochemically.The results revealed no difference between extraovarian peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma and ovarian serous papillary carcinoma.Conclusions:Extraovarian peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma is considered arising from the secondary Müllerian system.Histologically,extraovarian peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma was identical to that of the similar epithelial carcinomas arising from the ovaries.The diagnosis was made only when the ovaries were not involved and without any evidence of similar epithelial carcinoma obtained in the ovaries.Histochemical staining and immunohistochemical staining are helpful as accessory criteria for the differential diagnosis between primary carcinoma of the peritoneum and malignant mesothelioma.The prognosis is poor.

Objectives:To study the enzymatic changes and protective effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) on neurons in spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods:SD rats were subjected to incomplete SCI with modified Allen methods.Activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in spinal cord were quantitatively measured preoperatively,and 3,7,14 days after SCI.Results:AChE activity decreased gradually after injury.ACP activity increased 3 days after injury,and reached peak on the 7th day,then recovered gradually.The rats treated with CNTF showed relatively smooth change of the 2 kinds of enzymes.Conclusions:CNTF plays a role in protecting the spinal cord neurons against injury.

Objectives:To investigate the association and the prognostic significance of the expression of telomerase activity (TA) and apoptosis (APO) in tissues of primary breast cancer.Methods:TRAP-PCR and ELISA were developed to detect the expression of TA,and make quantitative and qualitative analysis respectively.TUNEL was also used to evaluate apoptosis cells in cancer lesions and count apoptosis index (AI).The expression levels of proteins of oncogene Bcl-2 and p53 were measured by means of S-P immunohistochemistry.Results:The mean TA positive expression rate was 89.8%,and its mean optic density was (A) 0.63±0.29,which were significantly higher than those of normal tissues and benign breast lesions (P<0.05).The 5 years survival rate of patients with positive TA expression was lower (60.3%) than those of negative expression (77.4%).There were no relations between TA expression and patients ages,TNM staging,lymph nodes metastasis,size,locations and pathological types of cancer.But TA was positively correlated with APO (r=0.733 1,P<0.05) and the protein expression of oncogene Bcl-2 (r=0.781 4,P<0.05) and negatively correlated with that of p53 (r=-0.625 5,P<0.05).Moreover,in patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy,the levels of TA expression were much lower than those without chemotherapy (64.7% vs 85.1%),and the former had higher AI than the latter (7.19±3.75% vs 3.23±2.04%),intraarterial chemotherapy group were superior significantly to adjuvant group (P<0.05).Multivariate Cox Regression Analysis showed that only TA and AI influenced the survival time of primary breast cancer patients,and patients with higher positive TA expression and AI>4.0% had shorter survival time than those of negative TA expression and AI<4.0% patients.Conclusions:There was a significant correlation between TA and APO and its related oncogene Bcl-2,p53.TA and APO are of great diagnostic values,therapeutic helps and prognostic significance in the formation and the development of primary breast cancer.

Objectives:To detect the altered expression of SOCS-3 and GHR gene in intraabdominal infection and its relationship to growth hormone resistance.Methods:Liver expression of SOCS-3,GHR and IGF-I mRNA were detected by RT-PCR in control and intraabdominal infected rats,serum growth hormone levels were measured by RIA in two groups.Results:Serum concentrations of growth hormone were elevated more obviously in infected rats than controls,they were (0.843±0.17)ng/ml and (0.614±0.138)ng/ml respectively,the difference was significant (P<0.05).Liver GHR mRNA levels were decreased by 57.2% in infected rats compared with control rats.SOCS-3 mRNA was weakly expressed in control rats,however,it was strongly expressed in infected rats and had a 312.8 % increase.Liver IGF-I mRNA levels were reduced by 45.3% in infected rats compared with control rats.Conclusions:The elevated SOCS-3 and reduced GHR mRNA expression may contribute to the growth hormone resistance in intraabdominal infection.

Objectives:To study the effect of Basen on the sensitivity of insulin in diabetes mellitus.Methods:Blood glucose,lipoprotein,insulin,C-peptide were assayed after and before the administration of Basen.Results:Levels of insulin,blood glucose,and C-peptide were lowered after four weeks administration of Basen,which changed contrarily to ISI.Conclusions:Basen has effects not only on lowering blood glucose but also on improving the insulin resistance.

Objectives:To evaluate the potent role of matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) and its tissue inhibitors(TIMPs) in the processes of metastasis and local invasiveness of Chinese human ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas,and to evaluate the possible biologic association between its gene expression and the clinical manifestations.Methods:Northern-blot and in-situ hybridization has shown MMPs and TIMPs gene expression in the pancreas and alterations associated with neoplastic transformation.Fifteen cases of surgical pancreatic specimens were examined with cDNA probes to MMP2,MMP9 and TIMP1,findings were correlated with the size of tumor section,CA19-9,pathological classification,thrombosis and infiltration of capsule and lymph nodes.Results:Increased levels of genes mRNA from MMP2,MMP9 and TIMP1 were found in the examined pancreatic cancer tissues,MMP2≈MMP9＜TIMP1,whereas low levels of transcripts for MMP2,MMP9 and TIMP1 were detectable in pancreata of organ donors.Transcripts coding for MMP2,MMP9,TIMP1 were found in both stroma and tumor cells.Gene expression of MMP2,MMP9 and TIMP1 has shown an obvious correlation with the infiltration of capsule cells,surrounding lymph nodes and the specific histopathological features.Conclusions:Imbalance between MMPs and TIMPs may help physicians to assess the metastatic potential and the prognosis of individual patients.

Objectives:To study the localization of dehydroepiandrosferone (DHEA) in rat gastric epithelial cells.Methods:The immunohistochemical SABC was used.Results:The parietal cells in gastric epithelial cells appeared DHEA positive immune reaction.The positive substance was distributed in the cytoplasm and negative in the nuclei.Conclusions:Parietal cells had DHEA,which might play an important role in the regulation of digestive function.

Objectives:To detect telomerase activity in various tumor tissues by PCR-PAGE and PCR-MPH.Methods:We used telomerase PCR-MPH，an assay in which a digoxigenin-labeled telomerase repeat-specific probe was hybridized to the PCR product.After revelation with an anti-digoxin-AKP conjugates,the amount of hybridized probe was determined by optical reading.Telomerase activity was analyzed by PAGE.Results:Telomerase activity was determined by PCR-MPH accurately and specifically in various tumor tissues,its sensitivity was one hundred times higher than that of PCR-PAGE.Conclusion:PCR-MPH is ideal for analyzing telomerase activity in various tumor tissues.It is simple,easy and suitable for clinical application.

Objectives：To introduce the author's experiences in bioassay of platelet activating factor with thin layer chromatographic separation and platelet aggregation method,and to discuss probable problems in the process.Methods and Results：The method was used in determining portal venous blood samples from swine models of acute severe pancreatitis,control value were 0.79～1.65 pmol/L,in acute severe pancreatitis,mean blood level of platelet activating factor may be as high as 14.75 pmol/L.Conclusions:Thin layer chromatography separation and platelet aggregation assay were suitable for the determination of platelet activating factor,the results were satisfactory in case of standardized operation.

Objectives:To develop a preparative method of continuous acid-urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (CAU-PAGE) to purify the defensin components from human and rabbit neutrophils (HNP-1～3 and RNP-1～5).Methods:Neutrophils were isolated from human peripheral blood or rabbit artificial aseptic ascites.The components of defensin were extracted by 5% acetic acid directly followed by elution of CAU-PAGE,and purified HNP-1～3 or RNP-1～5 were harvested.Polyacrylamide gel filtration was used as the method for comparison.Results:For each elution circa 1.50 mg of purified HNP or 2.50 mg of RNP were obtained from 5×108 of neutrophils,and their natural biological activity was preserved.Conclusions：CAU-PAGE is a relatively simple,rapid,economical method for purifying cationic peptides as the components of defensin.