Malaria induced death in 2003 concentrates mainly at Tay Nguyen area, in which, Dak Lak and Gia Lai have the highest malaria induced death rate (26/50 cases). The almost of malaria induced death cases are high risk subjects: minority, low education, low awareness of malaria, variation of migration (going forest, swidden field sleeping, uncontrolled migration), living in malaria transmission area, far from health centers, lack of emergency conditions since early detection of disease
Malaria ; Death ; epidemiology ;

In 2003, 2 small swidden field malaria outbreaks were identified in Tuong Duong district of Nghe An province. Although different development of the first time, malaria outbreaks developed in swiddenfield, then transmissed into villages. A lots of patients have confirmed to have malaria. One death case was caused by the late hospital admission. The number of working and overnight people on the swiddenfields increased at the hot spot time as this was the harvesting time and the school children had summer holiday and joined their parents’ work here (29.1 – 48.9% of household and 27.2-28.4% of population in the hamlets). They did not use mosquito nets. The infection rate of malaria among the swiddenfield people was 13.5 – 60.5% and 7.4 – 42.2%, respectively. The mass blood screen showed the presence of both P.falciparum and P.vivax (P.falciparum in Ang village and both P.falciparum and P.vivax in Phong village). A high malaria infected rate in 2 outbreaks showed a limited diagnosis and treatment’s quality of local health. Cold parasites were found to be high, with P.falciparum and combined form
Malaria ; epidemiology ; Malaria, Falciparum

Although the morbidity was sharply reduced in the last few years with the prevalence per 1000 population of 7.02%o in 1999, 4.37 %o in 2000…and the rate of population was protected by insecticide remained annual. The rate of population was protected by insecticide/population of malaria area was 58.6%o in 1999, 86.3%o in 2000. However, malaria has been increased by 31.6% during the first 9 months of 2003 as compared to 2002. Positive slide rate increased by 47% and parasite positive per patients increased by 64%. It is suggested that the activities for roll back malaria in the recent years have not been effective enough in accordance to the planned targets. It can also be attributable to the way of life of high risk groups such as swidden field sleeping, uncontrolled migration, the unsatisfactory coverage of insecticide protected people and poor management by local health
Malaria ; Insecticides ; diagnosis ; epidemiology

A study was carried out in two years 2001-2001 in the border district of Huong Hoa, Quang Tri province to evaluate the malaria situation including clinical malaria cases, parasite positive cases and the affecting factors. Five communes representative for bordering and central areas of the district were selected for the study. A total of 4,620 local people were sampled. In 2001 a sample of 2,527 was studied showing a malaria infection rate of 9.10% (230/2,527) and clinical rate of 6.13% (155/2,527). In 2002 a sample of 2,093 local people was studied showing a malaria infection rate of 2.05% (43/2,093) and clinical rate of 2.58% (54/2,093). The cross-sectional surveys including interviews of local people involved in the study revealed the relationship between the malaria prevalence and affecting factors as geography, the knowledge about malaria and the mosquito net use rate. It was also found in 2002 that there was no relationship between malaria prevalence, ages and sex
Malaria ; epidemiology ; knowledge ; Age Factors ; sex

Over the past years, malaria situation in Thua Thien – Hue province has much been improved. The inner malaria prevalence has basically been controlled with the low local transmission in the endemic areas. However, maintenance of the achieved results are facing lots of challenges including unorganized migration of population and illegal border-crossing business. To overcome these difficulties, during the period 2001-2003 the malaria surveillance in 12 communes, along the Vietnamese-Lao border was strengthened with the active participation of both civilian and military health services by Malaria Protection Center of Thua Thien – Hue province
Malaria ; epidemiology ; transmission

According to the statistics date of 2001-2003 from the Provincial Committee for Permanent Agriculture and Permanent of settlement and Provincial Malaria Protection Center, uncontrolled migration of Dak Lak province in past years showed that: there are two types of uncontrolled migration of population (inner migration and outer migration). The outer migration makes a higher proportion with 161.000 unregistered people settled over the province. Management of uncontrolled migration is made by gathering the illegal settles and bringing them back to their homeland. The administrative management is always followed by malaria control measures as increasing malaria surveillance, early diagnosis and treatment and setting up village health system
Malaria ; prevention & control ; Emigration and Immigration

Thanks to investment and guide of Ministry of Health and National Project for malaria prevention, National Institute of Malariology - Parasitology – Entomology, from 1998 to 10 early months of 2003, malaria status have been gained stably in Ha Giang province. Three targets of the malaria control program: “reduction of morbidity, no death of malaria and no malaria outbreak” have always been gained. These achievements have been obtained due to Ha Giang have implemented well malaria prevention plans, increasing malaria surveillance. The frequent malaria surveillance in 10 early months of 2003 has helped to early detect and manage all malaria cases in the province
Malaria ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; diagnosis ;

The clinical studies were carried-out in the commune Health Center of Quang Tri and Ninh Thuan provinces from June to December, 2003. Recrudescence and re-infection analysises by PCR method were performed at NIMPE`s laboratory. The efficacy of Erapas was evaluated for uncomplicated P.falciparum malaria with 5-day regimens (4mg/kg on the first day, followed by 2mg/kg once a day for 4 days). 109 patients were gathered in a group of Erapas treatment. Of which, 102 patients were followed-up to Day 28. Blood sample PCR analysises of 2 patients having parasite re-appearance at day 21 showed that both 2 cases were P.falciparum re-infection. The median (range) fever clearance time was 1.3 (1-2) day(s). The median (range) parasite clearance time was 2.5 (1-3) day(s). The research results showed that the cure rate by the 28¬th day was 100%. Erapas has high effectiveness for treament of uncomplicates faciparum malaria with high tolerance
malaria ; Malaria, Falciparum ; Therapeutics ; Artemisinins

The efficacy of chloroquine or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine given combined with artesunate was assessed in Vietnamese patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria from 2 Southern provinces, where there was in vitro evidence that the sensitivity of the parasite to conventional antimalarial therapies had returned in the absence of drug pressure, from October to December of 2000. In Dak Lak province, 57 patients (mean age 9.6 years) were randomized to artesunate-chloroquine (group 1) or artesunate-sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (group 2). In Binh Phuoc province, 66 patients, who have just migrated in period of 1-7 years (mean age 24.2 years) were assessed with the 2 regimens. The results of 28 days in vivo response were over 96% and lower 52% of Dak Lak and Binh Phuoc respectively. PCR evidence of cure closely paralleled the in vivo results. The successful reintroduction of chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine as artemisinin partner drugs depends heavily on epidemiological and parasite factors
malaria ; Malaria, Falciparum ; Therapeutics ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; artesunate ; Chloroquine ; Pyrimethamine

An evaluation of the current coverage and diminished rate of mosquito nets usage for malaria control plays an important role in malaria control planning. A survery was carried out between 1995 and 2003 in 15 hamlets of five communes of 3 malaria endemic districts in Thua Thien – Hue province. A high rate of bed-net usage was found in the surveyed hamlets. In average, the coverage reached the rate of 2.0 ± 0.3% nets per person. However a considerable rate of damaged nets (4.7 ± 1.2%) was also recorded in the surveys. Further surveys and studies should be conducted to determine the ways the bed-nets go down and get diminished for planning of more appropriate malaria control measures
Malaria ; Culicidae ; Mosquito Control