An effective writing is the one in which the writer and the readers can easily and accurately communicate. For this, the writer should be able to write in accordance with requirements each component of the writing - words, sentences, paragraphs and parts. This thesis discussed a method of writing centered on sentential composition. Sentential level requires grammatical, brief and accurate expressions, and ones like the Korean language.
Writing*

There have been seldom described about acute spontaneous spinal epidural hematomas in young adults without coagulation disorder or trauma. We report two cases of spontaneous cervical epidural hematomas in young adults diagnosed with magnetic resonance image. We tried to point out the necessity of early detection and prompt surgical decompression of hematoma, with thorough description of cases and review of various literatures.
Decompression, Surgical ; Hematoma* ; Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal ; Humans ; Young Adult*

We, herein present a case of intradural aspergillus abscess with flaccid paraplegia in a 41-year-old immuno-competent female. On her past medical history, the left pneumonectomy was performed for lung aspergilloma 7 months before admission. A magnetic resonance image disclosed a large intradural enhanced mass compressing spinal cord laterally from T9 to T10. She underwent extensive laminectomy(T8-T10) and removal of the granulation tissue. Postoperative aggressive medical treatment with antifungal agent(amphotericin-B) was done. Although her neurologic status is not fully recovered, no further progression of infection process is found up to the present.
Abscess* ; Adult ; Aspergillosis ; Aspergillus* ; Female ; Granulation Tissue ; Humans ; Lung ; Paraplegia ; Pneumonectomy ; Spinal Cord

An 11-year-old child presented with left hemiparesis and a seizure caused by fibromuscular dysplasia of the right internal carotid artery with cerebral infarction is presented. On conventional angiography, the authors found the classical `beaded' lesions. These pathognomic changes were most important to diagnosis. On brain single-photon emission computed tomography, we found the impaired vascular reserve of right basal ganglia, frontal and temporal area. We tried an antiplatelet agent and an encephaloduroarterio-synangiosis on the right hemisphere.
Angiography ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Fibromuscular Dysplasia* ; Humans ; Paresis ; Seizures ; Tomography, Emission-Computed

The authors report two cases of lymphocytic hypophsitis: a 38-year-old male patient with headache and diabetes insipidus and in a 64-year-old female patient with headache. Magnetic resonance(MR) image of the patients showed mass-like lesions in the hypophysis as well as loss of high signal on T1-weighted MR images. There was evidence of hypopituitarism. Both patients underwent transsphenoidal approaches for histological diagnosis, which was compatable with lymphocytic hypophysitis. When MR image reveals a characteristic pituitary in the hypophysis lesion with relevant clinical symptoms in a patient, one should include "lymphocytic hypophysitis" as one of the diagnostic possibilities, since the therapeutic options are different from those of pituitary tumors.
Adult ; Diabetes Insipidus ; Diabetes Insipidus, Neurogenic ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypopituitarism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pituitary Gland ; Pituitary Gland, Posterior ; Pituitary Neoplasms

Hippocampal sclerosis is the most common abnormal pathologic substrate found in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. Histopathological findings of hippocampal sclerosis are characterized by the presence of neuronal cell loss and astrocytic proliferation in the facsia dentata, Ammon's horn, presubiculum, and subiculum. Despite numerous studies having been conducted, the pathogenesis of hippocampal sclerosis is still controversial. Recently, it has been reported that increased numbers of corpora amylacea can be found in the hippocampus, the gray and white matter of the temporal lobe, in association with hippocampal sclerosis, which may give another clue to the pathogenesis of the hippocampal sclerosis. The authors report 3 patients with medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis in association with an increased numbers of corpora amylacea in the temporal white matter.
Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe* ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Neurons ; Sclerosis ; Temporal Lobe*

We present a case of a ruptured aneurysm of the medial trunk of the right posterior inferior cerebellar artery(PICA) in the fourth ventricle. A 52-year-old man presented with sudden onset of headache, followed by an abrupt decline in consciousness. Angiographic studies revealed that the aneurysm arose from the medial trunk of the right PICA, distal to the choroidal point and associated with the stenosis of the basilar artery and the hypoplasia of the right anterior inferior cerebellar artery and superior cerebellar artery. The patient underwent a midline suboccipital craniotomy and aneurysmectomy after clipping of the parent artery. A postoperative angiogram confirmed complete obliteration of the aneurysm, but demonstrated occlusion of the vermian branch of the right PICA. The pathogenesis of this lesion could be due to hemodynamic stress.
Aneurysm* ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Arteries* ; Basilar Artery ; Choroid ; Consciousness ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Craniotomy ; Fourth Ventricle* ; Headache ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Middle Aged ; Parents ; Pica

A 63-year-old man presented with severe headache and left side motor weakness after transient loss of consciousness is reported. His right internal carotid artery(ICA) was ligated without distal bypass 37 years ago due to arteriovenous malformation(AVM) rupture. Preoperative cerebral angiography demonstrated short right ICA proximal stump as a result of previous carotid ligation and large AVM nidus with feeders of right middle cerebral artery(MCA), which was fed from the left ICA, and right posterior cerebral artery. Complete obliteration of malformed vessels was performed via the right transsylvian transcortical approach. Postoperative cerebral angiography demonstrated complete removal of the AVM with preservation of normal vasculature. The postoperative course was uneventful. Considering multiple patch calcification of AVM nidus, the AVM may be recanalized and grew gradually for a long time after Hunterian ligation.
Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Cerebral Angiography ; Headache ; Humans ; Ligation* ; Middle Aged ; Posterior Cerebral Artery ; Rupture ; Unconsciousness

The etiologies of intracranial artery dissection are various, the exogenous as well as inherited connective tissue disorders. We report on a patient who presented with diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage who had been suffered from essential thrombocythemia. He was diagnosed to multiple dissecting aneurysms of left superior cerebellar artery, left posterior inferior cerebellar artery and right pericallosal artery and treated with endovascular coil embolization.
Aneurysm ; Aneurysm, Dissecting* ; Arteries ; Connective Tissue ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; Humans ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Thrombocythemia, Essential*

Weakness of the dorsiflexor muscles of the ankle or toe, referred to as foot drop, is a relatively common presentation. In most cases, foot drop is caused by a lower motor neuron disease such as peroneal peripheral neuropathy, L4-5 radiculopathic sciatic neuropathy, or polyneuropathy. Although upper motor neuron lesions can present as foot drop, the incidence is very rare. Here, we report an extremely rare case in which foot drop was the only presenting symptom of cerebral infarction.
Ankle ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Foot* ; Incidence ; Motor Neuron Disease ; Motor Neurons ; Muscles ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Polyneuropathies ; Sciatic Neuropathy ; Toes