PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to provide baseline data for nursing service program and to elevate the quality of service by examining whether nurses' nursing service is related to job stress, job satisfaction, organi-zational commitment, leadership and nursing service satisfaction in hospitals. METHOD: Subjects were 135 nurses and 135 patients, working and being in the hospitals in C province < D city from November. 7 to 21, 2005 and completed a structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, ANCOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The most powerful predictor of nursing service was leadership(60.7%). Altogether leadership, nursing service satisfaction, organizational commitment, and work stress explained 72.5% of nursing service of the nurses in hospitals. CONCLUSION: The results showed the nurses' nursing service in hospitals was influenced by leadership, nursing service satisfaction, organizational commitment, and job stress. It suggested that concepts of leadership, nursing service satisfaction, organizational commitment, and job stress should be considered in developing nursing services programs.
Analysis of Variance ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction ; Leadership ; Nursing Services ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to offer the baseline data for developing a systematic and high quality of clinical practice guideline by exploring how nurses utilize clinical guidelines and what they need for. METHOD: This study has been done with 242 nurses of a university hospital in Daegu using a self-administered questionnaire. The instrument used in this study was developed by researchers based on the results of the previous studies. Data analysis was done with SPSS 11.0 Program. RESULTS: Nurses felt that clinical guidelines were not sufficiently disseminated to update their clinical knowledge education. Nurses showed the strong demand for developing clinical practice guidelines with the newest and systematic evidence. However, a relatively low number of nurses knew evidence-based nursing and evidence-based clinical guidelines. CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop an educational program for evidence-based nursing and an evidence-based nursing clinical practice guideline for nurses and to explore the strategies for development and dissemination of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines to solve the urgent and frequent clinical problems.
Daegu ; Education ; Evidence-Based Nursing ; Statistics as Topic ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study was to predict the stage of exercise behavior change in undergraduate students and to identify the factors affecting exercise behavior change by using the trans theoretical Model. METHOD: The subjects were 193 undergraduate students at K and D university in D city. Data were collected by questionnaire surveys using convenience sampling and analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program. RESULTS: 77.7% of 193 nursing students do not exercise or they exercise irregularly. Exercise self-efficacy score and exercise benefits score were decreased with advancing exercise stage, on the other hand exercise barriers score and the process of exercise behavior change score were increased. In addition to this, the results revealed that stage of exercise behavior was significantly correlated with the process of exercise behavior change, exercise benefits, exercise barriers and exercise self-efficacy. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that the process of exercise behavior change, exercise decisional balance and exercise self-efficacy can be potential affecting factors for the stages of behavior change in university students. Therefore, these findings give useful information for educating nurse to construct nursing service programs focused on the stage of behavior change.
Hand ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Nursing Services ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine predictors of anxiety and PTSD in battered women. METHOD: The data were collected from 555 women who were stratified samples according to 15,000:1 from a target population in Korea from November 18, 2004 to February 18, 2005. The data was analysed using the SPSS program. RESULTS: Predictors of anxiety were self esteem, stress, state anger, social support, trait anger, negotiation, and psychological violence. These variables explained 55.8% of anxiety. Predictors of PTSD were self esteem, state anger, trait anger, psychological violence, stress, and anger-in. These variables explained 43.2% of PTSD. CONCLUSION: It is considered that the importance of separating the effects of the different types of violence when taking into account its effects on women's mental health. To promote women's mental health, it is needed to develop self esteem improvement programs, and anger and stress management programs.
Anger ; Anxiety* ; Battered Women* ; Female ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Korea ; Mental Health ; Negotiating ; Self Concept ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* ; Violence

PURPOSE: This study was conducted, on the basis of the Theory of Planned Behavior to analyze factors influencing on undergraduate students' sexual behavior and to provide basic guidelines for the intervention of promoting sex education in school. METHOD: The participants of this study consisted of 284 under-graduate students at 3 colleges and 3 universities in Seoul. SPSS 10.0 win program was used and descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, multiple regression and logistic regression were used to evaluate the influencing factors on undergraduate students' sexual behavior. RESULTS: The results of this study can be summarized as follows; For undergraduate students, perceived behavioral control, and attitude of sexual behavior could explain 43% of the variance in intention of sexual behavior. However, subjective norm didn't influence sexual behavioral intention. For undergraduate students, perceived behavioral control, sexual behavioral intention were factors influencing sexual behavior, and these factors could explain 43% of the variance in sexual behavior. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the interventive sex education that is upright and healthy will be needed to strengthen perceived behavioral control and sexual behavioral intention as influencing factors on sexual behavior in adolescent and young adults.
Adolescent ; Humans ; Intention ; Logistic Models ; Seoul ; Sex Education ; Sexual Behavior* ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate the pattern of physical restraints used in ICUs and to identify influencing factors of application and removal of restraints. METHOD: The subjects of this study were 90 restrained patients out of 215 patients over 6 years old who were admitted to 6 ICUs in SMC during a 2 weeks period. The data was collected through a questionnaire of characte-ristics, guidelines and nursing care of restraint uses. The data were analyzed by non-parametric statistic with the use of the SAS program. RESULTS: The restraints were applied to 31.4% of subjects. Mean time of physical restraint was 36.76 55.7 hours. There were significant difference with mean time and frequency according to duty shift. GCS, restless behavior and discomfort factors, medical devices, and life sustaining devices had significant relation with application of restraints. In addition, the mean time of restraints used were related significantly with GCS, restless behavior, and discomfort factors. CONCLUSION: The used of restraints were dependent on mainly the nurses' decision. Thus ICU nurses have to develop the guidelines to applying restraints and removal of restraints in regard to patients rights and ethics. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of application of the restraints is essential in professional nursing.
Child ; Ethics ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Nursing ; Nursing Care ; Patient Rights ; Restraint, Physical* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to investigate medical records and to develop care records for management of patients with chest pain in the emergency department. METHOD: Retrospective review of the 42 medical chart of patients presented to the emergency department with chest pain were used. The collected data were analyzed with a frequency of items in the medical records. RESULTS: In a frequency analysis of recorded items for doctors' chest pain assessment during history taking, the history/risk factors was the highest rank. The following ranks were 'commenced with when/ timing, extra symptoms, place, nature, stay/ radiate, alleviate/aggravate, intensity' in sequence. In a frequency of recorded items in nurse's progress notes according to nursing actions, the 'checking/monitoring' was the highest rank. The following ranks were 'performing, administering/injecting, referring/ arranging, testing, preparing/catheterizing, teaching/informing' in sequence. Chest pain care records for the emergency department was designed, based upon data analysis and literature review. CONCLUSION: The designed records can be a rapid and effective approach tool for assessment and recording of patients with chest pain. Further research is necessary for evaluating the designed chest pain care records.
Chest Pain* ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Medical Records* ; Nursing ; Nursing Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Statistics as Topic ; Thorax*

PURPOSE: The positive effects of health behaviors in older population are well recognized, but maintenance of health habits was more difficult than initiation. The purposes of the study were to identify predictors of health behavior based on motivation theories, and to analyze predicting power of motivational factors to explain health behaviors in older adults. METHODS: The data were collected from older adults either institutionalized or living in the community. Total of 159 subjects with 72 years old in average were recruited for an interview. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis were utilized to analyze the data with age, residential type, and motivational variables. RESULTS: The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that age and residential type explained 3% of variance in health behaviors (F=3.705, p=0.027). When motivational variables were entered, additional 56.9% of variance were explained by the model (F=33.275, p<0.001). Among motivational variables, perceived benefits was the most important variable (beta=0.346, t=4.582, p<0.001), followed by self efficacy, emotional salience, and perceived barriers. CONCLUSION: Considering the importance of each motivational variable, the focus of intervention strategies to assist older adults to maintain health behaviors should be on modifiable and important motivational variables, such as self-efficacy, perceived benefits and barriers, and emotional salience.
Adult* ; Aged ; Health Behavior* ; Humans ; Motivation ; Self Efficacy

PURPOSE: Purposes of this study were to understand the current trends on complementary therapy in relieving chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and to suggest the future research direction. METHOD: Subjects were selected on CINAHL, MEDLINE, Korean Academy Data Base from 1980 to 2001 which used nausea, vomiting, chemotherapy and complementary therapy as key words in experimental studies. Eight korean articles and twenty-one international articles were analyzed in terms of general characteristics, research methods, and types of complementary therapy. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods. RESULT: Since 2000, researchers have more actively used complementary therapy. In subject characteristics, mean age was 35.5 years old, 45% of the researchers were performed with high level of incidence of chemotherapy induced vomiting, 14% of them set limit of consecutive cycle during research, and 65% of them did not comment the selecting criteria of sample. About 60% of them were designed post-test only control group; 35% used INV by Rhodes, 31% used Likert scale, and 24% used VAS for dependent variable. Muscle relaxation therapy was mostly applied for relief of nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSION: Further studies will be needed to control extrinsic variables affecting nausea and vomiting in research design and to accumulate evidence with studies applying various complementary therapies.
Complementary Therapies ; Drug Therapy ; Incidence ; Muscle Relaxation ; Nausea* ; Research Design ; Vomiting*

PURPOSE: This study was aimed at providing scientific evidence for minimizing ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) by identifying appropriate timing of exchange of circuit for mechanical ventilator that is well suitable for the medical environment of intensive care units of hospitals in Korea. METHOD: This was a quasi-experimental study with a convenience sample of 19 adult subjects aged over 18 years who were admitted to the NS ICU of C university hospital, and placed on mechanical ventilator. The subjects were placed in two groups, compared on the incidence rate of VAP after they received exchange of circuit either at 1-week interval (N =10) or 2-week interval (N = 9). RESULT: 1) When considering 1000 days as the standard unit of analysis for incidence, the incidence rate of VAP was 7.19 cases at the 1-week cycle exchange group and 15.23 at the 2-week cycle exchange group, showing no statistically significant difference between the two groups. 2) There were a total of 3 types of bacteria isolated from the patients with VAP, including 2 cases with P. aeruginosa, 1 case with Streptococcus group F and A. baumannii. CONCLUSION: With thorough hand washing and strict management of tracheal tube of mechanical ventilator as well as use of tracheal intubation techniques, exchange cycle of circuit of mechanical ventilator by nurses may be changed from 1-week to 2-week interval.
Adult ; Bacteria ; Hand Disinfection ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Intensive Care Units ; Intubation ; Korea ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated* ; Streptococcus ; Ventilators, Mechanical*