Objective To validate feasibility of comet assay as a tool for detecting DNA damage induced by various types of chemical mutagens.Study of DNA damage induced by4chemicals on human lymphocytes was carried out in vitro.Methods Human lymphocytes were exposed to4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide(4NQO,a UV-mimetic agent ),methyl methanesulfonate(MMS,an alkylating agent ),Bleomycin(BLM,a radiamimetic agent )and Mitomycin(MMC,a DNA crosslink agent )for3h,the DNA single strand breaks(SSB)induced by4chemicals were measured immediately(0h-incubation)and21h-incubation after3h-exposure to the chemicals with comet assay.Results It was found that the SSB induced by4NQO,MMS and BLM,which revealed a dose-response relationship(P

0.05). Conclusion Both sulfurous acid,magenta and acetylacetone spectrophotometric methods were suitable for the determination of formaldehyde in rongalite in the laboratory of basic units, and acetylacetone spectrophotometric method was better because less environmental factors interfered with the detection results.

Objective In order to approach the application of TOXTRACER in testing acute toxicity of water quality. Methods The luminescent inhibition rates of luminescent bacteria(Vibrio fisheri) in different conditions were detected by TOXTRACER made in Holland using HgCl2 as a toxicant and luminescent inhibition rates or EC50 values using all kinds of water samples were detected. Results Little difference was seen among luminescent inhibition rates of the bacteria in 10, 15, and 30 min reaction time groups using 0.2 mg/L HgCl2 solution. The variation coefficients of luminescent inhibition rates of the bacteria using 0.10, 0.20 and 0.40 mg/L HgCl2 solution at 15 min reaction time point were 12.3%, 2.6%, and 0.9% respectively. In 10-30 min reaction time a good linear relationship was found between concentrations of HgCl2 and luminescent inhibition rates, EC50 value was not variable. With TOXTRACER the Vibrio fisheri could be used for 5 consecutive hours and they were much more sensitive to HgCl2 than Photobacterium phosphoreum T3(a luminescent bacteria produced in China). The relationship between the luminescent inhibition rates of Vibrio fisheri and concentrations of given toxicants, As2+ (0.2-40.0 mg/L), Cr3+ (0.5-5.0 mg/L), Hg2+ (0.05-0.40 mg/L), was found to be linear. Conclusion TOXTRACER can be used for direct quantitative analysis of the acute toxicity of water samples.

Objective To study the ability of disintegrating amylum of B.subtilis HY,02 producing ?,amylase. Methods To inoculate B.subtilis to amylaceous solutions with different concentration of 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.75% respectively for consecutive 24 h cultivation, observe the ?,amylase activity, amount of germs and the consumption of amylum at different time. Results The ?,amylase, the amount of germs and the consumption of amylum of B.subtilis(HY,02) obviously increased when the amylaceous concentration was 1.75% compared with those in 0.5% and 1% amylaceous solution groups. Conclusion The present experimental results show that the disintegrating amylum ability of B.subtilis(HY,02) is very strong compared with the old B.subtilis.

Objective To investigate the effects of the mouse bone marrow cell mutation induced by vechile exhaust. Methods The mice were divided into two groups. The experimental group exposed to car exhaust, after exposure of given days (15 d, 30 d, 45 d, 60 d), bone marrow micronucleus and SCE rates in the experimental group were compared with the control. Results Significant differences had been seen between the two groups in bone marrow micronucleus and SCE rates except the 15 d group. The rate of the bone marrow cell mutation was positively correlated to the periods of exposure to car exhaust. Conclusion Car exhaust has effect of mutation on mouse cells.

Objective To investigate the concentrations of formaldehyde in newly decorated apartments. Methods In this study we monitored the concentrations of formaldehyde in indoor air of 28 newly decorated apartments and offices and furnishings. In order to analysis the correlation between formaldehyde concentration of indoor air and personal exposure level, 17 persons' exposure levels were measured by personal air monitoring in 2 offices. Results The medians of formaldehyde concentrations in indoor air and furnishings were 0.062 mg/m3 and 0.260 mg/m3 respectively. The concentration of formaldehyde in furniture was significantly higher than that in indoor air (Z=-5.098,P

Objective In order to control the organic pollution in surface water sources in Jiaxing area, deep water treatment method was applied to treat drinking water. The effectiveness and correlative hygiene issues of the constructive project were pre,assessed. Methods On the basis of selecting and comparing some water factories in domestic and abroad which were similar with this constructive project, the assessment was synthetically carried out by surveying on the spot, checking blueprint, examining technological process and equipments layout, worked technique and materials, after experimental deep water,treatment was pup in to pilot scale test. Results The drinking water deep treatment method could eliminate organic substances effectively from original water. The results of the pilot test showed that the removed rates of CODMn, TOC, color degree and NH3,N through this measure were respectively 95.57%, 25.35%, 32.80% and 37.40% higher than those through route drinking water treatment measures. The measure could translate Ames test result into negative. The dosage of alum and chlorine could be reduced 33% and 50% respectively. Water purity and taste could be improved. The arrangement and layout of the facilities of this constructive project was advanced and reasonable, which was conformed to the hygienic requirements. Conclusion This constructive project could effectively solve the serious pollution problem of organic substances in water source in Jiaxing area and improve the purification effectiveness of drinking water and water quality. The occupational hazards that possibly present in the productive process of this project could be prevented. From the view of hygiene, this constructive project was feasible.

0.05). Conclusion Fluoride contents of local wheat in some areas of Chongqing exceeded standard.

Objective To investigate the status of wastewater treatment of hospital sewage in Jinan. Methods The indices of COD, NH3,N and PO43- in sewage discharged from 16 hospitals before and after treatment and the content of residual chloride and fecal coliform counts in treated sewage were monitored in 2002 in Jinan. The monitoring results were evaluated according to the Criteria for Wastewater Discharge (GB/T8978-1996) and compared with the analytic results obtained in the year 2001. Results The COD, NH3,N and PO43- of the sewage of 16 hospitals before treatment were 253.8, 47.76 and 3.134 mg/L respectively with the over standard rate 81%, 88% and 100% respectively. The COD, NH3,N, PO43-, content of residual chloride and fecal coliform counts in treated sewage of 16 hospitals were 40.5, 6.30, 0.580, 26.7 mg/L and

Objective To evaluate the effect of mining waste water on drinking water quality and tumor mortality of villagers. Methods Analyse quality of drinking water sampled from well which only supply water to a family which the well belongs to and survey the death reasons of whole population in the polluted area and the control area. Results Mining waste water discharged by a mine contaminated the nearby river and impacted the drinking water quality of the nearby village also. Compared with the control, the concentration of lead, arsenic and mercury in drinking water of polluted area was much higher. The 5,year total mortality in polluted area and in the control was 3.09% and 1.55% respectively. Tumor mortality in polluted area was 50%, esophagus cancer mortality was 54.24%. Tumor mortality in the control area was 20% only and most tumors were liver cancer. Conclusion The adverse effect of mining waste water on drinking water quality and human health in polluted area has been seen.