As a new technique, photedynamic therapy was introduced in the end of 1970s and has been put into clinical application from experimental tests in recent years. Its mechanisms was established on the basis that a series of special typed cells and tissues could selectively absorb photosensitive drugs and generate photore-sponsive effects by light irradiation of definite wavelengths. Currently, the photodynamic theraputics is applied mainly in non surgical treatment of tumor betided in body superfacial and hollow viscus. Its application area has been expanded unceasingly in modern clinic due to the discovery of the selective aggregation of photoresponsive drugs to many pathological tissues and pathogenic microorganisms other than tumors, and the development of new photoresensitizer. In this paper, review is given on the effect mechanisms, the light sources and photosensitizer, as well as the application of photodynamic treatment of tumors in head and neck and its treatments of mucosal dis-ease and oral pathogenic microorganism infected diseases.

Human umbilical cord (UC) has been attracting increasing research effort in recent years.Since UC is a postnatal organ discarded after birth,the collection of its cells is non-invasive and raises no ethical con-cerns.Human umbilical cord provides large amount of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) which hold unlimited ca-pability of proliferation and great potential of differentiation and. MSCs have stable biological properties and low-er immunogenicity and can function well after amplifications.Studies have demonstrated that MSCs have the po-tential of inhibiting inflammatory response, generation of fibrosis, apoptosis and stimulating regeneration of hepa-tocytes.Therefore, UCMSCs could be an ideal cell source for the therapy of liver diseases.

Cartilage injury has a very limited capacity of recovery by itself due to the lack of blood vessel in cartilage tissues. Current studies indicate that many kinds of cytokines have the function of promoting cartilage formation or repairing the injured cartilage with cartilage-like tissues. Cell-mediated transfer of the respective genes may ideally combine the supply of a chondrogenic cell population with the production of certain factors se-creted from the lesion and to promote the repairing of the lesion, which is considered the best treatment. Gene therapy based on this technology has developed rapidly in recent years. This review aims to summarize some of the development of the research in the field.

Since the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive technique to interfere neu-ral activity of brain, the combination of TMS and other neuron-imaging techniques has been widely used, espe-cially in cognitive research. Electroencephalogram (EEG) occupies a special position in this field due to its higher time resolution and lower experimental cost. The present paper reviews the application of TMS-EEG combined technique from the aspects of the main research topics, simultaneous recording, artifacts elimination, data pro-cessing and so on. Current problems and possible solution related to this technique are also discussed in the pa-per. With those new related solutions being put forward, more achievements will be obtained in the research area of TMS-EEG combined technique.

Spinal cord injury(SCI) is a serious nervous system trauma,which may consequently lead to various degrees of paralysis and toilet obstacles,and its disability and the high cost heavily burdened the families and community.Therefore,the research on spinal cord tissue regeneration and the repair after injury has important practical significance.A large number of experimental studies have shown that neurotrophic factor plays an important role in the nerve tissue repair process.This article reviews new research progress about the effects of neurotrophic factor in this field.

The development of tissue engineering has provided new methods for organ replacement and disease treatment.The research of seed cells includes cell selection,culture,transplantation,tracing and so on.The tracing technique of seed cells involves molecular biology,molecular immunology,molecular imaging and many other subjects,making it difficult to select a label for seed cells.This review summarizes the recent research progress in the tracing technique of seed cells.

To investigate the effects of conducting electrodes implanted into the penicillin-induced epilepsy foci in rats on seizures, 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). Afer penicillin(PNC) administration, metal electrode was implanted into the epilepsy focus in EG. Behavior evaluations were given after PNC injection in both groups and electroencephalogram recordings were taken respectively. Immunohistochemical methods were used to test the expressions of P38 and Calcium channel a 1A subunit (CACNA1A) at the serial time-point. We found that EG showed reduction of epileptic discharge frequency than did CG at time-point 3 h and 6 h, and that P38 expressions of EG were lower than those of CG in the injected side, and the expressions of Calcium channel a 1A subunit (CACNA1A) were downregulated in EG at time-point 6 h and 24 h. This evidence suggests that the metal electrode implanted into the penicillin-induced epilepsy focus may reduce the epileptic discharges and downregulate the expressions of P38 and CACNA1A. This new idea might be used in antiepileptic field in future.
Animals ; Calcium Channels ; metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Electroencephalography ; Epilepsy ; chemically induced ; therapy ; Male ; Penicillins ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

Using the present cone beam reconstruction formula for general trajectory, we have investigated the issue of detector efficiency for non-helical trajectory. The results reveal that the two factors dominating the detector efficiency are detector geometry and filtering directions. The methods for to higher detector efficiency are proposed, and the reliability and feasibility are tested by simulation results.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; methods ; Scattering, Radiation ; X-Ray Intensifying Screens

In an ECG auto-analysis system, correct QRS detection is most important. For this detection there are several methods, such as derivative-based algorithms, filter-bank methods and wavelet based methods and neural network approaches, but there is no single method that is extensively used. These methods are compared and analyzed in this paper.
Algorithms ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

This study sought to explore the relationship between the change in ventricular electrical remodeling caused by mechano-electrical feedback and the expression of L-type Ca2+ -channel and/or sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase in the rabbits with congestive heart failure (CHF). 138 rabbits were divided into two groups (CHF and control). We measured the ventricular monophasic action potential duration (MAPD) and ventricular effective refractory period (VERP) during ventricular pacing at the stimulus frequency of 220/240/260 bpm in these rabbits. Rapid atrial pacing (260/min) was given for 30 minutes. The MAPD and VERP were measured again. Then ventricular fibrillation was induced by S1S2S3 program stimulation. We extracted the total RNA from the myocardium respectively and detected L-type Ca2+ -channel mRNA and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase mRNA by use of Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). In group CHF, with the increasing of preload/afterload, L-type Ca2+ -channel mRNA was up regulated after rapid atrial pacing when compared with that in control groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant change in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase mRNA after rapid atrial pacing when compared with controls (P > or = 0.05). The changes in MAPD90 and VERP were related with the extent of L-type Ca2+ -channel mRNA up regulation. But the changes in MAPD90 and VERP were not significantly related with the extent of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase mRNA up regulation. These findings suggest that Mechano-Electrical Feedback could increase the regional changes of ventricular electrical remodeling in rabbits with CHF and so to predispose them to ventricular arrhythmia. The changes may be related with the up regulation of L-type Ca2+ -channel mRNA, but not with sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase mRNA.
Action Potentials ; Animals ; Calcium Channels, L-Type ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cardiac Pacing, Artificial ; Electric Conductivity ; Electrophysiology ; Female ; Heart Failure ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Refractory Period, Electrophysiological ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ventricular Remodeling