Primary neoplasm in vesical diverticula has circumscribed sac of variable size which results from the herniation of bladder mucosa through the muscular will of the bladder. The incidence of neoplasm in vesical diverticulum is 2 to 10 percent. Specific diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are required for tumors in vesical diverticula. We herein report a case of primary neoplasms in vesical diverticula with brief review of literatures.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Diverticulum* ; Incidence ; Mucous Membrane ; Urinary Bladder

PURPOSE: It has been stressed that age itself as well as multiple organ failure are important prognostic factors in acute renal failure (ARF) in children. This study was performed to find out the significance of age factor and underlying disease of ARF in children. METHODS: We tried to review 58 pediatric ARF cases, retrospectively, in the pediatric intensive care unit (excluding the neonatal and surgical intensive care unit cases) of the Samsung Seoul Hospital of Sung Kyun Kwan University from Sept., 1994. to Dec., 1996. RESULTS: We classified the enrolled 58 cases into 5 age groups and more than half were younger than 1 year old. As underlying causes, heart and gastrointestinal disease were predominant in less than 1 month of age group. After 1 year of age, intrinsic renal disease was the most common cause (43-50%). Among the renal disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (10-15 year group), hemolytic uremic syndrome (1-10 year group), and obstructive uropathy (less than 1 year age group) were common etiologies. The mortality was the highest (46.7%) in less than 1 year group and lowest (21.4%) in 10-15 year age group. CONCLUSION: The underlying disorders of ARF in children were different among the age group. Among intrinsic renal diseases, hemolytic uremic syndrome was the most common cause. The difference in the mortality was dependent on age and underlying disease.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Age Factors ; Child* ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; Heart ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome ; Humans ; Critical Care ; Intensive Care Units ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Mortality ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul

PURPOSE: Nocturia is considered to be the main cause of disturbance of sleep maintenance and the quality of life for elderly men. We assessed the effectiveness of administering alpha 1 (A)-adrenoceptor antagonist tamsulosin for the patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and we measured the degree of improvement of the lower urinary tract symptoms and nocturia after treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From May 2003 to October 2003, 268 patients with BPH were prospectively selected for this study. The patients were treated with tamsulosin at a dose of 0.2mg/day. The effectiveness of tamsulosin was assessed by analyzing the three day voiding diaries and the other parameters, including the International Prostatic Symptom Score (I-PSS), the Bother score, the maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax), and the postvoid residual urine. The data for these parameters were acquired at baseline and after 4 and 12 weeks of treatment. We investigated the differences in the improvement of noctuia in the BPH patients according to the type of nocturia. RESULTS: Of the 268 patients, 189 patients (70.5%) completed the study. The clinical parameters, including the I-PSS, the Bother score, the Qmax and the residual urine showed significant improvement from the baseline. The change of nocturnal frequency was 2.2 at baseline to 1.4 after 12 weeks of treatment. For the subgroups according to the type of nocturia, both the BPH only group and the nocturnal polyuria group showed improvement in the nocturnal frequency and the nocturnal urine volume. CONCLUSIONS: Alpha 1 (A) adrenoceptor antagonist, tamsulosin, significantly improved the nocturia as well as the lower urinary tract symptoms, which was confirmed by measuring the clinical parameters. To identify the role of tamsulosin for improving nocturia for patients with BPH, we need to prospective clinical studies according to the type of nocturia.
Aged ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms* ; Male ; Nocturia* ; Polyuria ; Prospective Studies ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Quality of Life

PURPOSE: Nocturia is considered to be the main cause of disturbance of sleep maintenance and the quality of life for elderly men. We assessed the effectiveness of administering alpha 1 (A)-adrenoceptor antagonist tamsulosin for the patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and we measured the degree of improvement of the lower urinary tract symptoms and nocturia after treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From May 2003 to October 2003, 268 patients with BPH were prospectively selected for this study. The patients were treated with tamsulosin at a dose of 0.2mg/day. The effectiveness of tamsulosin was assessed by analyzing the three day voiding diaries and the other parameters, including the International Prostatic Symptom Score (I-PSS), the Bother score, the maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax), and the postvoid residual urine. The data for these parameters were acquired at baseline and after 4 and 12 weeks of treatment. We investigated the differences in the improvement of noctuia in the BPH patients according to the type of nocturia. RESULTS: Of the 268 patients, 189 patients (70.5%) completed the study. The clinical parameters, including the I-PSS, the Bother score, the Qmax and the residual urine showed significant improvement from the baseline. The change of nocturnal frequency was 2.2 at baseline to 1.4 after 12 weeks of treatment. For the subgroups according to the type of nocturia, both the BPH only group and the nocturnal polyuria group showed improvement in the nocturnal frequency and the nocturnal urine volume. CONCLUSIONS: Alpha 1 (A) adrenoceptor antagonist, tamsulosin, significantly improved the nocturia as well as the lower urinary tract symptoms, which was confirmed by measuring the clinical parameters. To identify the role of tamsulosin for improving nocturia for patients with BPH, we need to prospective clinical studies according to the type of nocturia.
Aged ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms* ; Male ; Nocturia* ; Polyuria ; Prospective Studies ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Quality of Life

Despite the accuracy of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), rapid antigen tests (RATs) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 are widely used as point-of-care tests. A total of 282 pairs of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Standard Q COVID-19 Ag tests were serially conducted for 68 patients every 3–4 days until their discharge. Through a field evaluation of RATs using direct nasopharyngeal swabs, the sensitivities were 84.6% and 87.3% for E and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) genes, respectively, for specimens with cycle thresholds (Cts) < 25. The Ct values of E and RdRp genes for 95% detection rates by RATs were 16.9 and 18.1, respectively. The sensitivity of RAT was 48.4% after the onset of symptoms, which was not sufficient. RAT positivity gradually decreased with increased time after symptom onset and had continuously lower sensitivity than NAATs.

Rectal metastasis of colon cancer without peritoneal carcinomatosis is a rare condition whose initial clinical presentation may mimic inflammation. To the best of our knowledge, there was no report on such cases. A 45-year-old man with a history of left hemicolectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy for primary signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of the descending colon, admitted to have constipation and abdominal pain for 3 weeks. His colonoscopic findings did not show local tumor recurrence at the anastomsis site, however, a hard, concentric luminal narrowing of the lower rectum was encountered. Endoscopic biopsies revealed chronic inflammations, and positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose revealed diffuse mildly hypermetabolic lesion in the rectum, suggesting inflammation. Magnetic resonance image showed submucosal wall thickening with multiple perirectal lymph nodes. Rectal metastasis of colon cancer was highly suspected clinically and a surgical biopsy confirmed SRCC which was surgically removed thereafter.
Abdominal Pain ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colon ; Colon, Descending ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Constipation ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Inflammation ; Lymph Nodes ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Phenobarbital ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Rectum ; Recurrence

Neurogenic bladder in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been considered to occur rarely. Myelopathy, cyclophosphamide treatment, vasculitis have been implicated as the causes of the bladder pathology in patients with SLE. In this report, we describe a 46-year- old female with SLE who simultaneously combined with the neurogenic bladder. The diagnosis of neurogenic bladder, attributed to peripheral neuropathy, was made on the basis of cystometrography and clinical symptom. Steroid therapy couldn't improve the clinical manifestation of neurogenic bladder despite the amelioration of the other lupus symptom.
Cyclophosphamide ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Pathology ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic* ; Vasculitis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia that develops after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), and contributes to the morbidity and prolonged length of hospital day associated with the procedure. The purpose of this study was to determine predictors of AF after CABG. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred and twelve (112) patients (mean age 59+/-10, male 64, female 48), who underwent isolated CABG at one institution, were enrolled. The patients' clinical characteristics, medications, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram and coronary angiogram were reviewed retrospectively. We measured the P wave duration and dispersion, and the PR interval from 12-lead surface ECG in each patient. Documentation of AF after the CABG was obtained from ECG monitoring in the coronary care unit and those taken after the CABG. Logistic regression analysis was performed, and the discriminatory values of the parameters compared by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: AF developed in thirty-three patients (29.5%) after the CABG. Multivariable predictors were dichotomized on the basis of their variable distribution. A maximal P wave duration > or =110 msec (p<0.01, sensitivity 88%, specificity 79%) and an age > or =58 years (p=0.023, sensitivity 94%, specificity 54%) were considered significant predictors of AF after CABG. CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated that AF after CABG can be predicted preoperatively from a prolonged maximal P wave duration on preoperative ECG and a patient's old age.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atrial Fibrillation* ; Coronary Artery Bypass* ; Coronary Care Units ; Coronary Vessels* ; Electrocardiography* ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Transplants

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although physiological effects of external nasal dilators (ENDs) were recently reported on white and black people, there are no available data on Asians. Nasal geometry is affected by many factors such as race, age, or sex. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of ENDs on nasal respiration and patency in healthy Korean adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred healthy Korean adults (50 females and 50 males, aged 20 to 39 years) without nasal complaints, history of sinonasal surgery, nor major structural abnormalities of the nose were recruited. All subjects were required to assess their own sensation of nasal respiration on a 100 mm visual analog scale. Minimal cross-sectional areas (MCAs) and volumes from 0 cm to 5 cm from the nostril (V5s) of both nasal cavities were measured by acoustic rhinometry and added together to obtain the total MCA and V5, respectively. All measurements before application of an END were compared with those 5 minutes after application. RESULTS: The sensation of nasal respiration improved significantly after application of an END in both female and male. The END increased MCA and V5 significantly in both sexes. These acoustic rhinometric changes resulted in 21.1% (male) and 20.5% (female) increment in MCA and 10.0% (male) and 12.5% (female) increment in V5, respectively. However, there were no significant correlations between changes in the subjective and objective parameters. CONCLUSION: ENDs significantly improve the subjective sensation of nasal respiration and increase MCA and nasal cavity volume in healthy Korean adults. However, this improvement in nasal patency does not always coincide with the improvement in the subjective feeling of nasal respiration.
Acoustics* ; Adult* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Continental Population Groups ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; Nose ; Respiration* ; Rhinometry, Acoustic ; Sensation ; Visual Analog Scale

PURPOSE: To construct and validate the short-form benign prostatic hypertropy (BPH) health-related quality-of-life (HRQL) questionnaire which is more practical in use and as informative as the 35-item standard form questionnaire previously validated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: First the 9 items for the short form questionnaire were selected from the 35-item standard form questionnaire that includes lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS) related, physical, emotional, general helth percepton, sexual domains by the experts. The developed short form questions were divided into two domains; physical and emotional. This short form questionnaire was tested for reliablity, and validity in a total of 197 men who visited the urology clinics of the eight university medical centers in Korea with LUTS. RESULTS: The short form questionnaire was practical in use (completion rate; 98%, duration of completion at inclusion; 5.19min), and the level of comprehension was not affected by age or degree of education. On the test-retest reliability, high correlations (r=0.49-0.78) and high Cronbach's alpha (>0.745) of two domains were observed, supporting the satisfactory internal consistency, reliability. As the validity, the standard form and short form questionnaire were highly correlated (r=0.52-0.76) and the significant difference were noted in the domain sums and total sum regarding the LUTS severity (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The newly constructed short form questionnaire is good for assessment BPH HRQL including patients' perceived physical, and emotional status easy to administer, accurate, reproducible and responsive to change according to symptom severity. This questionnaire can be used in patients with LUTS practically and offer the valuable clinical information to the physician.
Academic Medical Centers ; Comprehension ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urinary Tract ; Urology