Serologic tests for syphilis including VDRL and TPHA tests were carried out in 5,413 VISA applicants for emigration, from January, 1981 to December, l984 The results are summarized as follows: 1. In 5,413 VISA applicants, the reactive rate of VDRL test was 2,0% totally. The reactive rate of VDRL test of male was 2. 6%, and that of female was 1. 6% 2. The reactive rate of 1983 was 1.4% and that was the lowest in annual incidence, but there was no statistically significant differences in comparing the annual incidences. 3. The reactive rate increased with age, and males above the 5 th decade revealed an especially high reactive rate. 4. The biologic false positive rate of VDRL teet was 16. 5%, in gl VDRL reactive persons, using TPHA as standard. 5. The quantitative test of VDRL showed low titer below 1: 4 in 88. 4%, and high titer above 1: 8 in 11. 6% of the applicants.
Emigration and Immigration ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Serologic Tests* ; Syphilis*

Hemangiopericytomas, which used to be classified as the subtype of the meningiomas, like the angioblastic meningiomas or hemangiopericytic meningiomas, are rare in the central nervous system with an incidence of <1% of all central nervous system(CNS) tumors. In spite of a total surgical removal, hemangiopericytomas have a tendency of high local recurrence and distant metastasis. The authors report a case of hemaniogipericytoma recurred at the remote area from the primary site. The tumor recurred in the meninges of right temporal area after total removal of the tumor in the right parasaggital region including the falx.
Central Nervous System ; Hemangiopericytoma* ; Incidence ; Meninges ; Meningioma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence

The problem of difficult intubation is well known to anesthesiologists. However, difficulties associated with the extubation of endotracheal tubes are not common, and few reports exist. However, untoward incidents of diverse etiology can occur and the complications of difficult extubation may be fatal. We experienced 2 cases of difficult extubations. One was due to adhesion of the tube to the tracheal wall and the other was due to a fold in the deflated cuff of an excessively large-sized tube. We managed these difficult extubations by rotating the tube with a MaGill forcep under direct laryngoscopy. We report upon these clinical experiences and include a brief review of the literature.
Intubation ; Laryngoscopy ; Surgical Instruments

No abstract available.
Teratoma*

OBJECTIVE: This study is designed to demonstrate a relationship between reconstruction methods of the craniectomy site and the development of postoperative complications including headache, tinnitus, and operation site pain after microvascular decompression(MVD) in patients with hemifacial spasm. METHODS: This study included 44 consecutive patients who underwent MVD due to hemifacial spasm from 1995 to 2001. Craniectomy site was reconstructed with only Gelfoam(group 1) in 20, the bone dust and Gelfoam(group 2) in 11, the bone chips and Gelfoam(group 3) in 13. Group 1, 2 were studied retrospectively and group 3 was studied prospectively on the postoperative complications. RESULTS: Postoperatively, wound infection occurred in 3(6.8%), headache in 14(31.8%), operation site pain in 17(38.6%), tinnitus in 15(34.1%), hearing loss in 1(2.2%). Wound infection was noticed in 5% of group 1, 18.2% of group 2, and none of group 3. Headache developed in 45% of group 1, 27.3% of group 2, and 15.4% of group 3. Operation site pain was noticed in 50% of group 1, 27.3% of group 2, 15.4% of group 3. Tinnitus revealed in 45% of group 1, 18.2% of group 2, 30% of group 3. CONCLUSION: Reconstruction of the craniectomy site with the bone chips in patients with hemifacial spasm might have effects on diminution of the postoperative headache, operation site pain and wound infection.
Dust ; Headache ; Hearing Loss ; Hemifacial Spasm* ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Prospective Studies ; Retrospective Studies ; Tinnitus ; Wound Infection

PURPOSE: To estimate the effect and toxicity of bimonthly low-dose leucovorin (LV) and fluorouracil (5-FU) bolus plus continuous infusion(LV5FU2) with docetaxel combination chemotheraphy in patients with inoperable or postoperative relapsed gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total 27 patients are enrolled in this study. LV 20 mg/m2 (bolus), 5FU 400 mg/m2 (bolus), 5-FU 600 mg/m2 (24-hour continuous infusion) on day 1, 2, 15, and 16, docetaxel 60 mg/m2 (1-hour infusion) on day 15 every 4 weeks. RESULTS: Total of 141 cycles were administered and response rate were 36.8% with 2 complete response (10.5%) and 5 partial response (26.3%) in 19 evaluable patients. The median response duration is 8.1 months (95% CI, 4.0~12.1). The median progression-free survival time is 6.7 months (95% CI, 5.0~8.5) and the median overall survival time is 11.9 months (95% CI, 4.8~19.1). The grade 3-4 toxcity of neutropenia (24.8%) and anemia (11.3%), neutropenic fever (2.8%) is observed. The grade 1 toxcity of injection site reaction is observed all patients and the grade 1-2 toxcity of alopecia is observed 60%. CONCLUSIONS: LV5FU2 with docetaxel combination chemotheraphy is effective and tolerable in patients with inoperable or postoperative relapsed gastric cancer.
Alopecia ; Anemia ; Disease-Free Survival ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Fever ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; Neutropenia ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Taxoids

Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the incidence of rhinovirus (RV) is inversely related to the intensity of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs), such as universal mask wearing and physical distancing. Methods: Using RV surveillance data, changes in the effect of NPIs were investigated in South Korea during the pandemic. The time to the first visible effect of NPIs after the onset of NPIs (T1), time to the maximum effect (T2), and duration of the maximum effect (T3) were measured for each surge. For each week, the RVdiff [(RV incidence during the pandemic) − (RV incidence within 5 years before the pandemic)] was calculated, and number of weeks for RVdiff to be below zero after NPIs (time to RVdiff ≤ 0) and number of weeks RVdiff remains below zero after NPIs (duration of RVdiff ≤ 0) were measured for each surge. Results: During the study period, four surges of COVID-19 were reported. As the pandemic progressed, T1 and T2 increased, but T3 decreased. Additionally, the “time to RVdiff of ≤ 0” increased and “duration of RVdiff of ≤ 0” decreased. These changes became more pronounced during the third surge (mid-November 2020), before the introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine, and from the emergence of the delta variant. Conclusion The effect of NPIs appears slower, the duration of the effect becomes shorter, and the intensity also decreases less than a year after the onset of the pandemic owing to people’s exhaustion in implementing NPIs. These findings suggest that the COVID-19 response strategy must be completely overhauled

Live-born cases of partial trisomy 12q are rare, and only a few fetuses with this unbalanced translocation have survived to term. To our knowledge, only about 40 patients have been reported as having 12q duplication, and among them are no Korean reports. Here, we report the first Korean case of siblings with a 12q24.22q24.33 duplication. An 11-year-old boy visited our clinic for short stature. He was born small for his gestational age and had distinctive facial features, a history of surgery for anorectal malformation, psychomotor delay, intellectual disabilities, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). He had an older sister with similar clinical features. The chromosomal microarray of the patient and his sister showed identical results: a 16.2 Mb duplication of 12q24.22q24.33. They had an identical cutoff point, but their symptoms were not. Symptoms common to both included growth retardation, psychomotor delay, intellectual disability, ADHD, and small for their gestational age.

PURPOSE: To describe the findings of magnetic resonance imaging in infectious myositis and to determine theirvalue for differentiation between tuberculous and bacterial myositis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Magnetic resonanceimages of ten proven cases of infectious myositis, (five tuberculous and five bacterial) were retrospectivelyreviewed in the light of clinical and laboratory findings. On the basis of magnetic resonance images, signalintensity of the mass, the presence or absence of an abscess, signal intensity of the peripheral wall, patterns ofcontrast enhancement, and associated findings were evaluated. RESULTS: Compared with those of bacterial myositis,the symptoms of tuberculous myositis lasted longer but there were no definite local inflammatory signs. In threeof five cases of bacterial myositis there were specific medical records ; trauma in two cases and systemic lupuserythematosus in one. All tuberculous myositis cases involved a single muscle, but bacterial myositis affectedmultiple muscles in three cases(60%). All but one case showed a mass in the involved muscles. In one bacterialcase, there was diffuse swelling in the involved muscle. On T1-weighted images, eight infectious cases showed lowsignal intensity ; two, of the bacterial type, showed subtle increased signal intensity. All cases demonstratedhigh signal intensity on T2-weighted images. The signal intensity of peripheral wall was slightly increased onT1-weighted images, but low on T2-weighted. In four cases there was associated cellulitis, and in one case each,adjacent joint effusion and deep vein thrombosis were seen. After gadolinium infusion, peripheral rim enhancementwas noted in nine cases and heterogeneous enhancement in one. CONCLUSION: After magnetic resonance imaging ofinfectious myositis, the characteristic finding was an abscessed lesion, with the peripheral wall showing highsignal intensity on T1-weighted images and low signal intensity on T2 weighted. Although we found it difficult todifferentiate bacterial from tuberculous myositis, magnetic resonance imaging findings and clinical manifestationsmay help in this respect.
Abscess ; Cellulitis ; Gadolinium ; Joints ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Medical Records ; Muscles ; Myositis* ; Venous Thrombosis

PURPOSE: Nocturia is considered to be the main cause of disturbance of sleep maintenance and the quality of life for elderly men. We assessed the effectiveness of administering alpha 1 (A)-adrenoceptor antagonist tamsulosin for the patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and we measured the degree of improvement of the lower urinary tract symptoms and nocturia after treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From May 2003 to October 2003, 268 patients with BPH were prospectively selected for this study. The patients were treated with tamsulosin at a dose of 0.2mg/day. The effectiveness of tamsulosin was assessed by analyzing the three day voiding diaries and the other parameters, including the International Prostatic Symptom Score (I-PSS), the Bother score, the maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax), and the postvoid residual urine. The data for these parameters were acquired at baseline and after 4 and 12 weeks of treatment. We investigated the differences in the improvement of noctuia in the BPH patients according to the type of nocturia. RESULTS: Of the 268 patients, 189 patients (70.5%) completed the study. The clinical parameters, including the I-PSS, the Bother score, the Qmax and the residual urine showed significant improvement from the baseline. The change of nocturnal frequency was 2.2 at baseline to 1.4 after 12 weeks of treatment. For the subgroups according to the type of nocturia, both the BPH only group and the nocturnal polyuria group showed improvement in the nocturnal frequency and the nocturnal urine volume. CONCLUSIONS: Alpha 1 (A) adrenoceptor antagonist, tamsulosin, significantly improved the nocturia as well as the lower urinary tract symptoms, which was confirmed by measuring the clinical parameters. To identify the role of tamsulosin for improving nocturia for patients with BPH, we need to prospective clinical studies according to the type of nocturia.
Aged ; Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms* ; Male ; Nocturia* ; Polyuria ; Prospective Studies ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Quality of Life